An Isolated Stellar-Mass Black Hole Detected Through Astrometric Microlensing

We report the first unambiguous detection and mass measurement of an isolated stellar-mass black hole (BH). We used the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) to carry out precise astrometry of the source star of the long-duration (t_E ~ 270 days), high-magnification microlensing event MOA-2011-BLG-191/OGLE-2011-BLG-0462, in the direction of the Galactic bulge. HST imaging, conducted at eight epochs over an interval of six years, reveals a clear relativistic astrometric deflection of the background star's apparent position. Ground-based photometry shows a parallactic signature of the effect of the Earth's motion on the microlensing light curve. Combining the HST astrometry with the ground-based light curve and the derived parallax, we obtain a lens mass of 7.1 +/- 1.3 M_Sun and a distance of 1.58 +/- 0.18 kpc. We show that the lens emits no detectable light, which, along with having a mass higher than is possible for a white dwarf or neutron star, confirms its BH nature. Our analysis also provides an absolute proper motion for the BH. The proper motion is offset from the mean motion of Galactic-disk stars at similar distances by an amount corresponding to a transverse space velocity of ~45 km/s, suggesting that the BH received a modest natal 'kick' from its supernova explosion. Previous mass determinations for stellar-mass BHs have come from radial-velocity measurements of Galactic X-ray binaries, and from gravitational radiation emitted by merging BHs in binary systems in external galaxies. Our mass measurement is the first ever for an isolated stellar-mass BH using any technique

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Mesures par rotation Faraday des champs magnetiques internes aux plasmas crees par interaction d'un faisceau laser au Neodyme sur une cible plane

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Etude des faisceaux d'electrons. Application au calcul d'isodoses par ordinateur dans les milieux irradies par des electrons de haute energie

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Collisions H - He. Etude des processus elastique et inelastiques pour: 7,5 keV <E= lab <= 40 keV et 0,25 <= thetalab <= 1,5

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Processus elastique et inelastiques directs se produisant dans le cas de la collision He -He pour 3 KeV<=E(lab)<=50 KeV et 0,25 <=theta(lab)<=3

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Centre de physique atomique de Toulouse: rapport d'activite en 1987

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Financement du Pole Toulouse-Midi-Pyrenees de Genie Biologique et Medical : soutien a 3 actions R et D regionalisees de faisabilite

Available from INIST (FR), Document Supply Service, under shelf-number : AR 16546 / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueSIGLEFonds de la Recherche et de la Technologie (FRT), 75 - Paris (France)FRFranc