THE MUSCLE CONTRACTION AND THE FORCE PRODUCTION

We study the muscular force during contraction via linear and quadratic approximations of the resistance force. Using theoretical - mechanics arguments, we shall determine the relevant parameters featuring in the equation of motion. This is very important for the determination of the type of training practice which will transform the muscle for various types of dealing with the medium resistance

THE BEHAVIOUR OF MUSCLES IN EXTERNAL INSTANTANEOUS FORCE FIELDS

The purpose of this study is to analyze the behaviour of muscles in an external instantaneous force field. A model is presented which provides a qualitative assessment of what occurs when muscles react to a strong strike or a sudden jerk. In the context of the model, it has been noticed that fine muscles reacted to a strike or jerk differently to massive muscles

GRAPH-THEORETICAL STUDIES ON FLUORANTHENOIDS AND FLUORENOIDS - ENUMERATION OF SOME CATACONDENSED SYSTEMS

Precise definitions are given for some classes of molecular graphs with one pentagon and otherwise hexagons: the monopentapolyhexes. The fluoranthenoid and fluorenoid systems belong to monopentapolyhexes. Complete mathematical solutions, using combinatorial summations on the one hand and generating functions on the other hand, are given for the numbers of catacondensed simply connected monopentapolyhexes (catafluorenoids and the corresponding helicenic systems). Generating functions and numerical values are included

Cylindrical quantum wires with hydrogen-bonded materials

Properties of cylindrical quantum wires are analysed in this paper. Energies of elementary excitations as well as one-particle wave functions were found for mentioned structure. For cylindrical quantum wires the temperature of phase transition was found. The behaviour of electric susceptibility in paraelectric phase was investigated.Comment: 10 page

Electron-impact excitation of the (4d(10)5s) S-2(1/2)-> (4d(9)5s(2)) D-2(3/2) and (4d(10)6s) S-2(1/2) ->(4d(10)6s) 2S(1/ 2) transitions in silver: Experiment and theory

We present angle-differential and angle-integrated cross sections for electron-impact excitation of the (4d(10)5s) S-2(1/ 2) -> (4d(9)5s(2)) D-2(3/ 2) and (4d(10)5s) S-2(1/ 2) ->(4d(10)6s) S-2(1/ 2) transitions in atomic silver. Experimental data for four incident electron energies between 10 and 60 eV are compared with predictions from our relativistic distorted wave (RDW) and nonrelativistic atomic optical potential models. Agreement between our measured and calculated data is only fair, although in the case of the RDW it is seen to improve with increasing incident electron energy. However, only for the (4d(10)6s) S-2(1/2) excitation process, agreement of our measured data with earlier relativistic convergent close coupling results from McNamara et al. [J. Phys. B 51, 085203 (2018)] was, with a few exceptions, typically observed to be very good, to within the uncertainties on the data

Discriminative Localized Sparse Representations for Breast Cancer Screening

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women both in developed and developing countries. Early detection and diagnosis of breast cancer may reduce its mortality and improve the quality of life. Computer-aided detection (CADx) and computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) techniques have shown promise for reducing the burden of human expert reading and improve the accuracy and reproducibility of results. Sparse analysis techniques have produced relevant results for representing and recognizing imaging patterns. In this work we propose a method for Label Consistent Spatially Localized Ensemble Sparse Analysis (LC-SLESA). In this work we apply dictionary learning to our block based sparse analysis method to classify breast lesions as benign or malignant. The performance of our method in conjunction with LC-KSVD dictionary learning is evaluated using 10-, 20-, and 30-fold cross validation on the MIAS dataset. Our results indicate that the proposed sparse analyses may be a useful component for breast cancer screening applications

From Davydov solitons to decoherence-free subspaces: self-consistent propagation of coherent-product states

The self-consistent propagation of generalized $D_{1}$ [coherent-product] states and of a class of gaussian density matrix generalizations is examined, at both zero and finite-temperature, for arbitrary interactions between the localized lattice (electronic or vibronic) excitations and the phonon modes. It is shown that in all legitimate cases, the evolution of $D_{1}$ states reduces to the disentangled evolution of the component $D_{2}$ states. The self-consistency conditions for the latter amount to conditions for decoherence-free propagation, which complement the $D_{2}$ Davydov soliton equations in such a way as to lift the nonlinearity of the evolution for the on-site degrees of freedom. Although it cannot support Davydov solitons, the coherent-product ansatz does provide a wide class of exact density-matrix solutions for the joint evolution of the lattice and phonon bath in compatible systems. Included are solutions for initial states given as a product of a [largely arbitrary] lattice state and a thermal equilibrium state of the phonons. It is also shown that external pumping can produce self-consistent Frohlich-like effects. A few sample cases of coherent, albeit not solitonic, propagation are briefly discussed.Comment: revtex3, latex2e; 22 pages, no figs.; to appear in Phys.Rev.E (Nov.2001

Clinical significance of genetic aberrations in secondary acute myeloid leukemia

The study aimed to identify genetic lesions associated with secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML) in comparison with AML arising de novo (dnAML) and assess their impact on patients' overall survival (OS). High-resolution genotyping and loss of heterozygosity mapping was performed on DNA samples from 86 sAML and 117 dnAML patients, using Affymetrix Genome-Wide Human SNP 6.0 arrays. Genes TP53, RUNX1, CBL, IDH1/2, NRAS, NPM1, and FLT3 were analyzed for mutations in all patients. We identified 36 recurrent cytogenetic aberrations (more than five events). Mutations in TP53, 9pUPD, and del7q (targeting CUX1 locus) were significantly associated with sAML, while NPM1 and FLT3 mutations associated with dnAML. Patients with sAML carrying TP53 mutations demonstrated lower 1-year OS rate than those with wild-type TP53 (14.3% +/- 9.4% vs. 35.4% +/- 7.2%; P = 0.002), while complex karyotype, del7q (CUX1) and del7p (IKZF1) showed no significant effect on OS. Multivariate analysis confirmed that mutant TP53 was the only independent adverse prognostic factor for OS in sAML (hazard ratio 2.67; 95% CI: 1.335.37; P = 0.006). Patients with dnAML and complex karyotype carried sAML-associated defects (TP53 defects in 54.5%, deletions targeting FOXP1 and ETV6 loci in 45.4% of the cases). We identified several co-occurring lesions associated with either sAML or dnAML diagnosis. Our data suggest that distinct genetic lesions drive leukemogenesis in sAML. High karyotype complexity of sAML patients does not influence OS. Somatic mutations in TP53 are the only independent adverse prognostic factor in sAML. Patients with dnAML and complex karyotype show genetic features associated with sAML and myeloproliferative neoplasms. Am. J. Hematol., 2012

Decreased glutathione levels and impaired antioxidant enzyme activities in drug-naive first-episode schizophrenic patients

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The aim of this study was to determine glutathione levels and antioxidant enzyme activities in the drug-naive first-episode patients with schizophrenia in comparison with healthy control subjects.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>It was a case-controlled study carried on twenty-three patients (20 men and 3 women, mean age = 29.3 ± 7.5 years) recruited in their first-episode of schizophrenia and 40 healthy control subjects (36 men and 9 women, mean age = 29.6 ± 6.2 years). In patients, the blood samples were obtained prior to the initiation of neuroleptic treatments. Glutathione levels: total glutathione (GSHt), reduced glutathione (GSHr) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and antioxidant enzyme activities: superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) were determined by spectrophotometry.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>GSHt and reduced GSHr were significantly lower in patients than in controls, whereas GSSG was significantly higher in patients. GPx activity was significantly higher in patients compared to control subjects. CAT activity was significantly lower in patients, whereas the SOD activity was comparable to that of controls.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>This is a report of decreased plasma levels of GSHt and GSHr, and impaired antioxidant enzyme activities in drug-naive first-episode patients with schizophrenia. The GSH deficit seems to be implicated in psychosis, and may be an important indirect biomarker of oxidative stress in schizophrenia early in the course of illness. Finally, our results provide support for further studies of the possible role of antioxidants as neuroprotective therapeutic strategies for schizophrenia from early stages.</p