2,218 research outputs found
Quarkyonic Matter and Chiral Spirals
The nuclear matter, deconfined quark matter, and Quarkyonic matter in low
temperature region are classified based on the 1/Nc expansion. The chiral
symmetry in the Quarkyonic matter is investigated by taking into account
condensations of chiral particle-hole pairs. It is argued that the chiral
symmetry and parity are locally violated by the formation of chiral spirals, <
psibar exp(2 i mu z gamma^0 gamma^z) psi >. An extension to multiple chiral
spirals is also briefly discussed.Comment: Prepared for Hot Quark 2010, 4 page
Gap Condition and Self-Dualized Super Yang-Mills Theory for ADE Gauge Group on K3
We try to determine the partition function of super Yang-Mills
theoy for ADE gauge group on K3 by self-dualizing our previous ADE partition
function. The resulting partition function satisfies gap condition.Comment: 17 page
Gauge invariance of color confinement due to the dual Meissner effect caused by Abelian monopoles
The mechanism of non-Abelian color confinement is studied in SU(2) lattice
gauge theory in terms of the Abelian fields and monopoles extracted from
non-Abelian link variables without adopting gauge fixing.
Firstly, the static quark-antiquark potential and force are computed with the
Abelian and monopole Polyakov loop correlators, and the resulting string
tensions are found to be identical to the non-Abelian string tension. These
potentials also show the scaling behavior with respect to the change of lattice
spacing.
Secondly, the profile of the color-electric field between a quark and an
antiquark is investigated with the Abelian and monopole Wilson loops. The
color-electric field is squeezed into a flux tube due to monopole supercurrent
with the same Abelian color direction. The parameters corresponding to the
penetration and coherence lengths show the scaling behavior, and the ratio of
these lengths, i.e, the Ginzburg-Landau parameter, indicates that the vacuum
type is near the border of the type1 and type2 (dual) superconductor.
These results are summarized that the Abelian fundamental charge defined in
an arbitrary color direction is confined inside a hadronic state by the dual
Meissner effect. As the color-neutral state in any Abelian color direction
corresponds to the physical color-singlet state, this effect explains
non-Abelian color confinement and supports the existence of a gauge-invariant
mechanism of color confinement due to the dual Meissner effect caused by
Abelian monopoles.Comment: 11 pages, 14 figure
The Advantage of Increased Resolution in the Study of Quasar Absorption Systems
We compare a new R = 120,000 spectrum of PG1634+706 (z_QSO = 1.337,m_V =
14.9) obtained with the HDS instrument on Subaru to a R = 45, 000 spectrum
obtained previously with HIRES/Keck. In the strong MgII system at z = 0.9902
and the multiple cloud, weak MgII system at z = 1.0414, we find that at the
higher resolution, additional components are resolved in a blended profile. We
find that two single-cloud weak MgII absorbers were already resolved at R =
45,000, to have b = 2 - 4 km/s. The narrowest line that we measure in the R =
120, 000 spectrum is a component of the Galactic NaI absorption, with b =
0.90+/-0.20 km/s. We discuss expectations of similarly narrow lines in various
applications, including studies of DLAs, the MgI phases of strong MgII
absorbers, and high velocity clouds. By applying Voigt profile fitting to
synthetic lines, we compare the consistency with which line profile parameters
can be accurately recovered at R = 45,000 and R = 120,000. We estimate the
improvement gained from superhigh resolution in resolving narrowly separated
velocity components in absorption profiles. We also explore the influence of
isotope line shifts and hyperfine splitting in measurements of line profile
parameters, and the spectral resolution needed to identify these effects. Super
high resolution spectra of quasars, which will be routinely possible with
20-meter class telescopes, will lead to greater sensitivity for absorption line
surveys, and to determination of more accurate physical conditions for cold
phases of gas in various environments.Comment: To appear in AJ. Paper with better resolution images available at
http://www.astro.psu.edu/users/anand/superhigh.AJ.pd
Abelian dominance and the dual Meissner effect in local unitary gauges in SU(2) gluodynamics
Performing highly precise Monte-Carlo simulations of SU(2) gluodynamics, we
observe for the first time Abelian dominance in the confining part of the
static potential in local unitary gauges such as the F12 gauge. We also study
the flux-tube profile between the quark and antiquark in these local unitary
gauges and find a clear signal of the dual Meissner effect. The Abelian
electric field is found to be squeezed into a flux tube by the monopole
supercurrent. This feature is the same as that observed in the non-local
maximally Abelian gauge. These results suggest that the Abelian confinement
scenario is gauge independent. Observing the important role of space-like
monopoles in the Polyakov gauge also indicates that the monopoles defined on
the lattice do not necessarily correspond to those proposed by 't Hooft in the
context of Abelian projection.Comment: 4 pages, 7 figure
Analytical modelling of planar potential and current distributions in electrodes of lithium-Ion batteries
Mathematical modelling can play an important role in the design of a lithium-ion cell
in that many design iterations can be performed at relatively little cost.
• Electrochemical models are useful for cell design and optimization but can be
typically high-order and complex and hence computationally expensive, and, are
therefore not suitable for real-time applications.
• Much reduced order electrochemical models for lithium-ion cells have been
developed, with these type of models more suitable for use with real-time on-board
electronic control units.
• However, a difficulty with these methods is that the current-voltage behavior for
different operating conditions cannot be predicted
Low-energy expansion formula for one-dimensional Fokker-Planck and Schr\"odinger equations with periodic potentials
We study the low-energy behavior of the Green function for one-dimensional
Fokker-Planck and Schr\"odinger equations with periodic potentials. We derive a
formula for the power series expansion of reflection coefficients in terms of
the wave number, and apply it to the low-energy expansion of the Green
function
An Approach to ADE Gauge Theory on K3
We propose a recipe for determination of the partition function of gauge theory on by generalizing our previous results of the
SU(N) case. The resulting partition function satisfies Montonen-Olive duality
for gauge group.Comment: 28 pages, Latex, enlarged published versio
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