171 research outputs found
Rigidity of integral coisotropic submanifolds of contact manifolds
Unlike Legendrian submanifolds, the deformation problem of coisotropic
submanifolds can be obstructed. Starting from this observation, we single out
in the contact setting the special class of integral coisotropic submanifolds
as the direct generalization of Legendrian submanifolds for what concerns
deformation and moduli theory. Indeed, being integral coisotropic is proved to
be a rigid condition, and moreover the integral coisotropic deformation problem
is unobstructed with discrete moduli space.Comment: v3: 12 pages, published in Lett. Math. Phys., comments still welcome
AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR: NURSE-PATIENT RELATIONSHIP IN MENTAL HEALTH SETTING
Background: Mental disorder is known to be as a loss of existential paradigm; individual’s functioning is lacking in all areas.
Therefore, it is difficult to point out what the patients exactly need because their needs are set on a broad range of a difficult
boundary. The level of care that follows will be complex and multifactorial because nursing will challenge the interaction with the
individual as a whole: behaviors and relations with family members. At this stage exploring interpersonal conflicts, with past and
present aggression behaviors will be crucial.
Subjects and methods: Aim of this paper is to investigate the professional experience in a work context where the patient\u27s
clinical condition poses a daily challenge from a physical and emotional perspective. Narrative investigation is performed here in
order to explore the psychological load of the professional\u27s psychological experience and its implication in facing aggressive
situations. Moreover, this investigation highlights the importance of some professional and personal resources that can be made
available to the operator.
Results: These tools could improve the understanding of the subjective experience of acute events guiding the individual through an exploration of the phenomenology of what happened decreasing the intimate stress load.
Conclusions: A constant updating, the knowledge of de-escalation techniques and sharing the experience in dedicated settings
could be important allies in the management of risk events
PSYCHOPATHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PATIENTS WITH FIRST-EPISODE PSYCHOSIS AND CHRONIC SCHIZOPHRENIA: A DESCRIPTIVE COMPARISON
Only few studies have compared the psychopathological features in first episode psychosis (FEP) and chronic schizophrenia
(CS) patients. The aim of our study was to compare sociodemographic and clinical aspects of FEP and CS inpatients using the
Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) in order to better characterize FEP.
We did not find significant socio-demographic differences between the two groups apart from age and nationality. About PANSS we
found that conceptual disorganization, poor rapport and lack of insight items scores were significantly higher in patients with FEP.
Related to BPRS the items of somatic concerns, grandiosity and motor hyperactivity were significantly higher in the CS group;
uncooperativeness was significantly higher in FEP group. Our study offers a characterization of FEP patients that confirms evidence
and adds some information from the current literature. FEP patients seem to be more uncooperative with a worse interpersonal
empathy and insight into the illness than CS patients; this could reduce their compliance with the treatment
DYSPHORIA AS A PSYCHIATRIC SYNDROME: A PRELIMINARY STUDY FOR A NEW TRANSNOSOGRAPHIC DIMENSIONAL APPROACH
Background: We currently define dysphoria as a complex and disorganized emotional state with proteiform phenomenology,
characterized by a multitude of symptoms. Among them prevail irritability, discontent, interpersonal resentment and surrender.
Dysphoria, in line with the most recent Interpersonal Dysphoria Model, could represent a “psychopathological organizer” of the
Borderline Personality Disorder. We would like to extend this theoretical concept to other psychiatric disorders in order to consider
dysphoria as a possible psychopathological nucleus, a syndrome on its own. This syndromic vision may open up the possibility of
new paths both in the differential diagnosis and in the therapeutic approach to the various disorders.
Aims: The goal of this paper is to understand if the dimensional spectrum that composes dysphoria differs from the different
psychiatric disorders. Specifically, we would like to assess if the phenomenological expression of dysphoria differs in patients with
Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD), Mixed State Bipolar Disorder (BDM) and Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) through an
observational comparative study.
Subjects and methods: In this study, 30 adult patients, males and females between the ages of 18 and 65, were enrolled from the
Psychiatric Service of the Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital in Perugia (PG), Italy, from January 1st to June 30th, 2018. The
aim was to form 3 groups each one composed of 10 individuals affected respectively with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD),
with Bipolar Disorder, Mixed State (BPM) and Major Depression Disorder (MDD). After a preliminary assessment to exclude
organic and psychiatric comorbidity, we administered them the Neapen Dysphoria Scale – Italian Version (NDS-I), a specific
dimensional test for dysphoria. Starting from the dataset, with the aid of the statistical program SPSS 20, we have obtained graphs
showing the comparison between disorders groups selected and NDS-I total score and subscales (irritability, discontent,
interpersonal resentment, surrender). Finally, a comparison was made, taking two groups at a time, between the means of single
groups for total scores and for single subscales considered into the NDS-I test. We made it using the Mann-Whitney U test, a
nonparametric test with 2 independent samples, by setting a significance level =0.05.
Conclusions: This study, through a transnosographic-dimensional approach, allowed us to explore dysphoria and its expressions
in different psychopathological groups, despite analyzing a small sample. Differences between means of values obtained through
NDS-I subscales were statistically significant in patients with BPD, BDM and MDD (p<0.05). Among the latter, the group of BPD
patients has greater pervasiveness and severity of dysphoria symptoms
DYSPHORIA AS A PSYCHIATRIC SYNDROME: A PRELIMINARY STUDY FOR A NEW TRANSNOSOGRAPHIC DIMENSIONAL APPROACH
Background: We currently define dysphoria as a complex and disorganized emotional state with proteiform phenomenology,
characterized by a multitude of symptoms. Among them prevail irritability, discontent, interpersonal resentment and surrender.
Dysphoria, in line with the most recent Interpersonal Dysphoria Model, could represent a “psychopathological organizer” of the
Borderline Personality Disorder. We would like to extend this theoretical concept to other psychiatric disorders in order to consider
dysphoria as a possible psychopathological nucleus, a syndrome on its own. This syndromic vision may open up the possibility of
new paths both in the differential diagnosis and in the therapeutic approach to the various disorders.
Aims: The goal of this paper is to understand if the dimensional spectrum that composes dysphoria differs from the different
psychiatric disorders. Specifically, we would like to assess if the phenomenological expression of dysphoria differs in patients with
Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD), Mixed State Bipolar Disorder (BDM) and Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) through an
observational comparative study.
Subjects and methods: In this study, 30 adult patients, males and females between the ages of 18 and 65, were enrolled from the
Psychiatric Service of the Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital in Perugia (PG), Italy, from January 1st to June 30th, 2018. The
aim was to form 3 groups each one composed of 10 individuals affected respectively with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD),
with Bipolar Disorder, Mixed State (BPM) and Major Depression Disorder (MDD). After a preliminary assessment to exclude
organic and psychiatric comorbidity, we administered them the Neapen Dysphoria Scale – Italian Version (NDS-I), a specific
dimensional test for dysphoria. Starting from the dataset, with the aid of the statistical program SPSS 20, we have obtained graphs
showing the comparison between disorders groups selected and NDS-I total score and subscales (irritability, discontent,
interpersonal resentment, surrender). Finally, a comparison was made, taking two groups at a time, between the means of single
groups for total scores and for single subscales considered into the NDS-I test. We made it using the Mann-Whitney U test, a
nonparametric test with 2 independent samples, by setting a significance level =0.05.
Conclusions: This study, through a transnosographic-dimensional approach, allowed us to explore dysphoria and its expressions
in different psychopathological groups, despite analyzing a small sample. Differences between means of values obtained through
NDS-I subscales were statistically significant in patients with BPD, BDM and MDD (p<0.05). Among the latter, the group of BPD
patients has greater pervasiveness and severity of dysphoria symptoms
CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS DISRUPTIONS AND EATING DISORDERS: CLINICAL IMPACT AND POSSIBLE PSYCHOPATHOLOGICAL CORRELATES
Background: A link between abnormalities in circadian rhythms and the development of eating disorders was extensively
hypothesized, mainly in consideration of the influence of the circadian clock on eating behavior. The present review is aimed at
summarizing the evidence about biological rhythms disruptions in eating disorders, possibly clarifying their impact on the
psychopathological profile of such patients.
Methods: Electronic database MEDLINE/PubMed/Index Medicus was systematically searched for original articles examining
the prevalence of circadian rhythms disruptions in eating disorders (anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder).
Results: Studies included in the review confirmed the hypothesis of a high prevalence of circadian disruptions in eating
disorders. The analyzed research mainly focused on sleep-wake cycle, rest-activity abnormalities and hormonal secretion, whilst
literature about other circadian rhythms was scanty. Altered biological rhythms presented higher association with specific
psychopathological features, but such relationship was assessed in few studies.
Conclusions: Circadian rhythms disruptions were confirmed to be relevant aspects in the context of eating disorders. Further
research is needed in order to clarify the role of biological rhythms in such illnesses, in the attempt to address adjunctive treatment
strategies with the possible focus of circadian abnormalities
CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS DISRUPTIONS AND EATING DISORDERS: CLINICAL IMPACT AND POSSIBLE PSYCHOPATHOLOGICAL CORRELATES
Background: A link between abnormalities in circadian rhythms and the development of eating disorders was extensively
hypothesized, mainly in consideration of the influence of the circadian clock on eating behavior. The present review is aimed at
summarizing the evidence about biological rhythms disruptions in eating disorders, possibly clarifying their impact on the
psychopathological profile of such patients.
Methods: Electronic database MEDLINE/PubMed/Index Medicus was systematically searched for original articles examining
the prevalence of circadian rhythms disruptions in eating disorders (anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder).
Results: Studies included in the review confirmed the hypothesis of a high prevalence of circadian disruptions in eating
disorders. The analyzed research mainly focused on sleep-wake cycle, rest-activity abnormalities and hormonal secretion, whilst
literature about other circadian rhythms was scanty. Altered biological rhythms presented higher association with specific
psychopathological features, but such relationship was assessed in few studies.
Conclusions: Circadian rhythms disruptions were confirmed to be relevant aspects in the context of eating disorders. Further
research is needed in order to clarify the role of biological rhythms in such illnesses, in the attempt to address adjunctive treatment
strategies with the possible focus of circadian abnormalities
COVID-19, AIR POLLUTION AND MENTAL ILLNESS: HEADS OF THE SAME "BEAST"?
The Covid-19 outbreak are generating relevant consequences under several aspects. Covid-19 pandemic together with air
pollution and a dysfunctional anthropization/urbanization might affect public and mental health with a synergistic effect. The current
paper explore hypothesis about existing links among Covid-19, air pollution and mental illness
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