Modelling groundwater flow in carbonate ridges: the case of m. Paganuccio and Cesane (Italy)

Carbonate aquifers, 3D steady state flow model, hydrogeological budget

Hydrogeological mapping of the highly anthropogenically influenced Peligna Valley intramontane basin (Central Italy)

This paper presents hydrogeological mapping of the Peligna Valley (Central Italy) intramontane basin. The basin is hydrogeologically complex due to the significant surface and underground water resources which are extensively used for potable, industrial, agricultural and healing purposes. The basin history is characterised by significant fluvio-lacustrine deposition whose thickness can reach as much as 500 m. The depositional environment is completely surrounded by calcareous mountains. These represent extensive aquifers which feed large regional point and linear springs with total discharges of 16 m3/s. The highly complex hydrogeology of the study area and the varied use of water resources required extensive data collation and geological and hydrogeological assessments. Two years worth of hydrodynamic and hydrochemical monitoring of wells, springs, rivers and particularly artificial channels that convey water for industrial, hydroelectric and irrigational purposes were also undertaken. The construction ..

Parameters of flow in porous alluvial aquifers evaluated by tracers

Dye tracer tests, DNA biotracer, alluvial aquifer Marche, multiwell tests

Hydraulic contacts identification in the aquifers of limestone ridges: tracer tests in the Montelago pilot area (Central Apennines)

The investigated area, located in the inner part of the Marche region (central Italy) and belonging to the carbonate Umbria- Marche ridges in the central Apennines, is characterised by very complex geo-structural setting and widespread karst phenomena that make difficult the definition of the relation among the aquifers basing only on the hydrogeological survey. Hence, the presence of different flowpaths among aquifers of the Umbria-Marche hydrostratigraphic sequence and of tectonic contacts among the different structures is verified using tracer tests. In particular, the tests showed that the Calcare Massiccio and the Maiolica aquifers are connected under certain tectonic conditions. A new tracer given by a single stranded DNA molecule and traditional fluorescent dyes have been injected into the Montelago sinkhole in different periods (during the recharge and during the discharge) and recovered in several points along the expected hydrogeological basin, using either manual and automatic sampling. Fluorescent traps were positioned in creeks, rivers and springs. The DNA molecule is useful to trace surface water and groundwater, is detectable even at very low concentrations, no significant change in water density and viscosity can be observed and its use is not dangerous for the environment. The results stress the suitability of DNA as hydrogeological tracer, capable to identify connections among aquifers and study different flowpaths even in high flow conditions when traditional tracers are more and more diluted. Moreover, fluorescein tracer allowed for the transport parameter determination, giving mean velocities ranging from 100 to 3000 m/day and mean residence time from some tens to hundreds of hours, and determining the aquifer volumes

Contributo all’analisi della circolazione idrica, mediante l’applicazione del metodo di Kiraly, in idrostrutture carbonatiche dell’Appennino adriatico

, 18ff., 4 tabb, Pubbl. CNR/GNDCI n° 2413

Correlation between the melting of the snows and the chemical-physical characteristics of springs, like parameter for the evaluation of karst aquifer vulnerability in Central Apennine

The study analyses, experimentally, the vulnerability of springs emerging from carbonatic hydrostructures of the Central Apennine. In particular, the Majella Mountain was studied as sample hydrostructure. The observations carried out over a period of two years show that: they dynamic resources of basal springs are essentially due to the melting of snow; different circuits are present, some of which deriving from superimposition of basal and shallow circuits; the circulation times permit to evaluate the vulnerability of the springs that is nevertheless high, despite the variability

Seismic reflexion study of the Sardinia Basin (Tyrrhenian Sea)

This work describes the morphology, stratigraphy and structure of the central portion of the peri-Tyrrhenian Sardinia Basin. Two depositional cycles were detected in the Messinian evaporitic sequence : the lower consisting of sulfate and a thick layer of halite, the upper composed mainly of sulfate. The geological basement is formed chiefly by crystalline-metamorphic rocks, as in Sardinia. The main structures of the area are due to N-S and E-W normal faults. A narrow N-S Graben, located at the base of the upper continental slope and filled by sediments, constitutes the true sedimentary basin. The N-S and E-W tectonic trends may be ascribed to the late Her-cynian tectonic phase. They have been reactivated in part by Cenozoic tectonic events and largely by the Plio-Quaternary events. A fairly detailed picture of this evolution is also drawn on the basis of the data relating to the mainland.Dans ce travail on présente une étude sur la morphologie, la stratigraphie et la structure de la partie centrale du Bassin de la Sardaigne. Les évaporites messiniennes sont caractérisées par un cycle de dépôt inférieur avec sel et par un cycle supérieur pour la plupart sulfatique. Le socle comprend surtout de termes métamorphique-cristallophyliens comme en Sardaigne. Les principaux traits structuraux et morphologiques sont dus à de failles N-S et E-W d'extension. Un Graben N-S, étroit, localisé à la base du talus continental supérieur et rempli de sédiments, constitue le vrai bassin sédimentaire. Les orientations N-S et E-W résultent de la phase tectonique tardi-hercynienne et ont été réactivées par la tectonique cénozoïque et surtout par celle du plio-quaternaire. On présente une description détaillée de l'évolution du Bassin en relation aussi avec les données connues pour la Sardaigne.Fabbri Augusto, Nanni Torquato. Seismic reflexion study of the Sardinia Basin (Tyrrhenian Sea). In: Géologie Méditerranéenne. Tome 7, numéro 2, 1980. Géologie générale. pp. 161-177

Correlation between the melting of the snows and the chemical-physical characteristics of springs, like parameter for the evaluation of karst aquifer vulnerability in Central Apennine

The study analyses, experimentally, the vulnerability of springs emerging from carbonatic hydrostructures of the Central Apennine. In particular, the Majella Mountain was studied as sample hydrostructure. The observations carried out over a period of two years show that: they dynamic resources of basal springs are essentially due to the melting of snow; different circuits are present, some of which deriving from superimposition of basal and shallow circuits; the circulation times permit to evaluate the vulnerability of the springs that is nevertheless high, despite the variability