Trayectoria Inflacionaria en Bahía Blanca: Algunas consideraciones para el período 2015-2017

Desde mediados del año 2007 hasta principios del 2016, la ausencia de una estadística oficial que releve de manera creíble la evolución de los precios a nivel nacional, suscitó una proliferación de mediciones focalizadas a calcular la tasa de inflación. Es en este contexto que a partir de 2014, para el caso de la localidad de Bahía Blanca, hizo su aparición el “Índice de Precios al Consumidor Online” (IPC Online), el cual tiene como particularidad que la extracción de sus datos la realiza a partir de la información contenida en la web. Por otra parte, desde 1996, el Centro Regional de Estudios Económicos de Bahía Blanca (CREEBBA), realiza a través del “Índice de Precios al Consumidor CREEBBA” (IPC CREEBBA), su propia estimación de la inflación. De este modo, en este trabajo se analizará la trayectoria de la inflación acaecida en Bahía Blanca recurriendo al IPC ONLINE como también al IPC CREEBBA para el período 2015-2017. A su vez, se evaluará la existencia de correspondencia entre ambos índices considerando la metodología utilizada por los mismos.Fil: Gutierrez, Emiliano Martin. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales del Sur. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Economía. Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales del Sur; ArgentinaFil: Uriarte, Juan Ignacio. Hyperia; ArgentinaFil: Ramírez Muñoz de Toro, Gonzalo Román. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Derecho; Argentina. Hyperia; Argentin

Precision nutrition : a review of personalized nutritional approaches for the prevention and management of metabolic syndrome

The translation of the growing increase of findings emerging from basic nutritional science into meaningful and clinically relevant dietary advices represents nowadays one of the main challenges of clinical nutrition. From nutrigenomics to deep phenotyping, many factors need to be taken into account in designing personalized and unbiased nutritional solutions for individuals or population sub-groups. Likewise, a concerted effort among basic, clinical scientists and health professionals will be needed to establish a comprehensive framework allowing the implementation of these new findings at the population level. In a world characterized by an overwhelming increase in the prevalence of obesity and associated metabolic disturbances, such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, tailored nutrition prescription represents a promising approach for both the prevention and management of metabolic syndrome. This review aims to discuss recent works in the field of precision nutrition analyzing most relevant aspects affecting an individual response to lifestyle/nutritional interventions. Latest advances in the analysis and monitoring of dietary habits, food behaviors, physical activity/exercise and deep phenotyping will be discussed, as well as the relevance of novel applications of nutrigenomics, metabolomics and microbiota profiling. Recent findings in the development of precision nutrition are highlighted. Finally, results from published studies providing examples of new avenues to successfully implement innovative precision nutrition approaches will be reviewed

Bariatric surgery induces hypomethylation of genes related to type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance

Biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch (BPD-DS) is a surgical intervention known to induce substantial weight loss and significant long-lasting metabolic improvements including a decrease in insulin resistance (IR) and resolution of type 2diabetes(T2D). The specific mechanisms by which metabolic improvements occur after BPD-DS are still not fully elucidated and the impact of BPD-DS on gene methylation profiles has not been studied. To gain understanding of epigenetic factors that may predispose to metabolic improvements after weight loss surgery, we characterized the methylation signature of genes associated to T2D and IR after BPD-DS. Most of the genes involved in T2D and IR pathways exhibited significant differences in methylation levels after BPD-DS compared to a pre-surgery control group. The majority of these loci were significantly hypomethylated, suggesting an effect of bariatric surgery on the epigenetic signature of genes encoding proteins involved in glucose homeostasis

The challenge of stratifying obesity : attempts in the Quebec family study

Background and aims: Obesity is a major health problem worldwide. Given the heterogeneous obesity phenotype, an optimal obesity stratification would improve clinical management. Since obesity has a strong genetic component, we aimed to develop a polygenic risk score (PRS) to stratify obesity according to the genetic background of the individuals. Methods: A total of 231 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) significantly associated to body mass index (BMI) from 21 genome-wide association studies were genotyped or imputed in 881 subjects from the Quebec Family Study (QFS). The population was randomly split into discovery (80%; n = 704) and validation (20%; n = 177) samples with similar obesity (BMI ≥ 30) prevalence (27.8% and 28.2%, respectively). Familybased associations with obesity were tested for every SNP in the discovery sample and a weighed and continuous PRS231 was constructed. Generalized linear mixed effects models were used to test the association of PRS231 with obesity in the QFS discovery sample and validated in the QFS replication sample. Furthermore, the Fatty Acid Sensor (FAS) Study (n = 141; 27.7% obesity prevalence) was used as an independent sample to replicate the results. Results: The linear trend test demonstrated a significant association of PRS231 with obesity in the QFS discovery sample (ORtrend = 1.19 [95% CI, 1.14-1.24]; P = 2.0x10-16). We also found that the obesity prevalence was significantly greater in the higher PRS231 quintiles compared to the lowest quintile. Significant and consistent results were obtained in the QFS validation sample for both the linear trend test (ORtrend = 1.16 [95% CI, 1.07- 1.26]; P = 6.7x10-4), and obesity prevalence across quintiles. These results were partially replicated in the FAS sample (ORtrend = 1.12 [95% CI, 1.02-1.24]; P = 2.2x10-2). PRS231 explained 7.5%, 3.2%, and 1.2% of BMI variance in QFS discovery, QFS validation, and FAS samples, respectively. Conclusions: These results revealed that genetic background in the form of a 231 BMIassociated PRS has a significant impact on obesity, but a limited potential to accurately stratify it. Further studies are encouraged on larger populations

A common variant in ARHGEF10 alters delta-6 desaturase activity and influence susceptibility to hypertriglyceridemia

Background. Numbers of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with fatty acid desaturase activities have been previously identified within the FADS1-FADS2 gene cluster, which encodes delta-5 (D5D) and delta-6 (D6D) desaturases, respectively. Objective. We aimed at further characterizing the genetic variability associated with D5D and D6D activities on a genome-wide scale. Methods. We conducted a genome-wide association study of D5D and D6D activities in a cohort of 141 individuals from the greater Quebec City metropolitan area using the Illumina HumanOmni5-Quad BeadChip. Estimates of D5D and D6D activities were computed using product-to-precursor fatty acid ratios, arachidonic acid (AA)/dihomogamma-linolenic acid (DGLA) for D5D, and DGLA/linoleic acid (LA) for D6D. Levels of fatty acids were measured by gas chromatography in plasma phospholipids. Results. We identified 24 previously reported SNPs associated with fatty acid levels and desaturase activities as significantly associated with D5D activity within the FADS1- FADS2 gene cluster (lead SNP rs174566/A>G). Furthermore, we identified 5 novel loci potentially associated with D5D activity at chromosomes 1, 6, 4, 8 and 19. A novel SNP associated with D6D activity and mapped to the ARHGEF10 locus (rs2280885/A>G) was identified, with carriers of the rare allele showing a significant increase in D6D activity and plasma triglyceride levels. After multiple testing correction by permutation, only rs174566 and rs2280885 remained significantly associated to D5D and D6D activity estimates, respectively. Conclusions. These results confirm previous genetic associations within the FADS1- FADS2 gene cluster with D5D activity. A novel genetic variation associated with higher D6D activity within the ARHGEF10 gene is potentially altering plasma triglyceride levels

Inflación Basada en un Índice de Precios en Línea. Consideraciones para el Período Enero – Octubre 2018

En este trabajo, se analiza la evolución de la inflación desde enero a octubre del 2018, recurriendo al Índice de Precios Online (IPC ONLINE), el cual tiene como particularidad que utiliza solamente la información contenida en línea dentro de Bahía Blanca. Asimismo se desagrega la variación de cada uno de los capítulos que hacen parte de este indicador como así también se analiza el impacto de la inflación respecto a la evolución de los salarios.Fil: Gutierrez, Emiliano Martin. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales del Sur. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Economía. Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales del Sur; ArgentinaFil: Larrosa, Juan Manuel Ceferino. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales del Sur. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Economía. Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales del Sur; ArgentinaFil: Uriarte, Juan Ignacio. Hyperia; ArgentinaFil: Ramírez Muñoz de Toro, Gonzalo Román. Hyperia; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Derecho; Argentin

Inflación en Bahía Blanca durante 2018: Un análisis a partir del IPC Online

En este trabajo se analiza la evolución de la inflación durante el año 2018, a partir de la información provista por el IPC Online. Se evalúan las variaciones en el nivel general, tanto acumulada durante el año, como mensuales. Asimismo, se analiza el impacto inflacionario sobre el salario mínimo.Fil: Gutierrez, Emiliano Martin. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales del Sur. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Economía. Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales del Sur; ArgentinaFil: Larrosa, Juan Manuel Ceferino. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales del Sur. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Economía. Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales del Sur; ArgentinaFil: Ramírez Muñoz de Toro, Gonzalo Román. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Derecho; ArgentinaFil: Uriarte, Juan Ignacio. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Ingeniería en Sistemas de Computación; Argentin

ICC e IPC Online: variaciones en niveles de precios para Bahía Blanca. Un análisis a lo largo del 2019

El Índice de Precios al Consumidor Online de Bahía Blanca (IPC Online), hace su aparición en septiembre del año 2014. Este indicador, a diferencia de los relevamientos de precios tradicionales, recurre a las informaciones disponible en línea para poder estimar la tasa de inflación durante cada mes. La metodología del proyecto y su historia puede consultarse en Uriarte y otros (2019). Asimismo, a inicio del 2015, se pone en marcha el Índice de Costo de la Construcción Online (ICC Online), el cual, haciendo uso de la información disponible en internet, permite estimar la variación general de los precios de aquellos de bienes y servicios necesarios para la construcción de un inmueble (Uriarte y otros, 2019). En el caso de este documento de trabajo, tiene como objetivo, observar la evolución de precios a lo largo del 2019. De esta forma, en una primera parte se examinará la trayectoria inflacionaria acumulada y mensual para el año 2019. En la segunda sección, se analizarán de manera desagregada cada uno de los capítulos que conforman al IPC Online. En un tercer apartado se observará el impacto de la inflación en los salarios y jubilación mínima. Una cuarta sección analizará las variaciones en lo que respecta al ICC Online. Por último, en un quinto apartado se expondrán las principales conclusiones.Fil: Gutierrez, Emiliano Martin. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales del Sur. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Economía. Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales del Sur; ArgentinaFil: Larrosa, Juan Manuel Ceferino. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales del Sur. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Economía. Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales del Sur; ArgentinaFil: Ramírez Muñoz de Toro, Gonzalo Román. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Derecho; ArgentinaFil: Uriarte, Juan Ignacio. Hyperia; Argentin

Molecular remodeling of adipose tissue is associated with metabolic recovery after weight loss surgery

Background Bariatric surgery is an effective therapy for individuals with severe obesity to achieve sustainable weight loss and to reduce comorbidities. Examining the molecular signature of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) following different types of bariatric surgery may help in gaining further insight into their distinct metabolic impact. Results Subjects undergoing biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch (BPD-DS) showed a significantly higher percentage of total weight loss than those undergoing gastric bypass or sleeve gastrectomy (RYGB + SG) (41.7 ± 4.6 vs 28.2 ± 6.8%; p = 0.00005). Individuals losing more weight were also significantly more prone to achieve both type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia remission (OR = 0.75; 95%CI = 0.51–0.91; p = 0.03). Whole transcriptome and methylome profiling showed that bariatric surgery induced a profound molecular remodeling of SAT at 12 months postoperative, mainly through gene down-regulation and hypermethylation. The extent of changes observed was greater following BPD-DS, with 61.1% and 49.8% of up- and down-regulated genes, as well as 85.7% and 70.4% of hyper- and hypomethylated genes being exclusive to this procedure, and mostly associated with a marked decrease of immune and inflammatory responses. Weight loss was strongly associated with genes being simultaneously differentially expressed and methylated in BPD-DS, with the strongest association being observed for GPD1L (r²=0.83; p=1.4x10⁻⁶). Conclusions Present findings point to the greater SAT molecular remodeling following BPD-DS as potentially linked with higher metabolic remission rates. These results will contribute to a better understanding of the metabolic pathways involved in the response to bariatric surgery and will eventually lead to the development of gene targets for the treatment of obesity

Consumption and production of yerba mate in Argentina: Consequences of COVID-19 on the sector

La yerba es el ingrediente del mate, la infusión nacional de Argentina. El mate tam-bién es popular en otros países, especialmente de la misma región. Por ello, el objetivo de este trabajo consiste en caracterizar el mercado y su historia, y describir breve-mente cómo la pandemia ha afectado su consumo y los precios. Este artículo aporta evidencia a los productores para diseñar su estrategia de marketingYerba is the ingredient in mate that is the main infusion in Argentina and is also popular in other countries, mainly in the same region. Therefore, the objective of this work is to characterize the market, its history and briefly describe how the pandemic has affected it in terms of consumption and prices. This work provides evidence to producers when designing their marketing strategy.Fil: Gutierrez, Emiliano Martin. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales del Sur. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Economía. Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales del Sur; ArgentinaFil: Tedesco, Lorena Fabiana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales del Sur. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Economía. Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales del Sur; ArgentinaFil: Ramírez Muñoz de Toro, Gonzalo Román. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Derecho; ArgentinaFil: Uriarte, Juan Ignacio. No especifíca