Medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction surgery in Iranian patients with recurrent patellar dislocation: Report of three years experiences

Reconstruction of the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) is reported as recent and challengeable treatment approach for recurrent patellar dislocation. There is no complete study with suitable follow-up time on Iranian patients with recurrent patellar dislocation and assessment outcome of MPFL reconstruction with patellar suture anchor(PSA) technique. Present clinical survey, summarized three years experiences of MPFL reconstruction with patellar suture anchor technique and clinical features in Iranian patients with recurrent patella dislocation and related topics in our university hospital. Present retrospective clinical survey had been performed on 23 patients with patellar recurrent dislocation that had MPFL reconstruction between March 2010 and May 2013. MPFL reconstruction was performed by one orthopedic surgeon in a university hospital. Patellar Apprehension test, Standard Kujala Score and knee range of motion measurement had been performed before and after MPFL recostruction and its results were inserted into the checklist after at least 12 months follow-up. During follow-up with average of 17.4 months, there was no patellar dislocation or subluxation and patellar apprehension test was negative among all of patients. The patients reach to their full flexion (10.83 weeks in male and 9.77 weeks in female) and extension (3.33 weeks) in their knee joints postoperatively. Mean of Kujala score in the patients had been significantly improved after MPFL reconstruction (from 59.8 to 88.6). Patellar fracture was not seen. Findings of our study suggested that outcome of MPFL reconstruction surgery using two anchor suture in treatment of recurrent patellar dislocation is good and successful

Down-regulation of miR-133a and miR-539 are associated with unfavorable prognosis in patients suffering from osteosarcoma

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play key roles in cancer development and progression. The purpose of the present study was to determine the expression levels of miR-133a and miR-539 in osteosarcoma patients and to further investigate the clinicopathological, and prognostic value of these miRNAs. Methods: The expression levels of miR-133a and miR-539 were determined by qRT-PCR. Associations between miRNAs expressions and various clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed. Survival rate was determined with Kaplan-Meier and statistically analyzed with the log-rank method between groups. Survival data were evaluated through multivariate Cox regression analysis Results: Our findings revealed that the miR-133a expression was significantly decreased in clinical osteosarcoma tissues compared to adjacent normal bone tissues. The expression level of miR-539 was decreased in clinical osteosarcoma tissues as compared to those adjacent normal tissues. Low expressions of miR-133a and miR-539 were significantly association with advanced TNM stage (P=0.002; P=0.001), and metastasis or recurrence (P=0.001; P=0.01). Furthermore, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and log-rank test showed that the low expressions of miR-133a and miR-539 were correlated with the reduced overall survival of osteosarcoma patients. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards model showed that decreased expressions of miR-133a and miR-539 (P=0.007; P=0.02), TNM stage (P=0.001; P=0.002), and metastasis or recurrence (P=0.005; P=0.026) were independent prognostic markers of overall survival of patients. Conclusion: These results suggest that decreased miR-133a and miR-539 expressions may participate in the progression of osteosarcoma. Together, these results showed that miR-133a and miR-539 may have their role in both progression and prognosis of osteosarcoma. © 2015 Mirghasemi et al

Down-regulation of microRNA-26a and up-regulation of microRNA-27a contributes to aggressive progression of human osteosarcoma

Background: Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone malignancy with high local aggressiveness and rapid metastasizing potential, resulting in poor survival. Increasing reports suggest that deregulated microRNAs (miRNAs) might provide novel therapeutic targets for cancers. However, the expression of miR-26a and miR-27a in osteosarcoma need further investigation in clinical samples. In our study, we evaluate the expression of these miRNAs in osteosarcoma tissues and compared with paired adjacent non-tumor bone tissues using RT-qPCR. Methods: Total RNA was purified from patients with osteosarcoma and noncancerous bone tissues. Real-time PCR was applied to quantify the expression level of miR-26a and miR-27a. Moreover, the correlation of these markers with clinicopathological characteristics was also evaluated in osteosarcoma patients. A cox proportional hazards model was performed to assess multivariate analyses of prognostic values. Results: Our result suggested that miR-26aexpression level in osteosarcoma bone tissue was significantly lower than that in the paired noncancerous bone tissues. MiR-27a expression was higher in osteosarcoma bone tissue in comparison with paired noncancerous bone tissues. The results indicated that low expression level of miR-26a and high expression of miR-27a were associated with high TNM stage (P = 0.001; P = 0.012), tumor grade (P = 0.007; P = 0.016), and distant metastasis (P = 0.004; P = 0.001). Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank test indicated that patients with low expression of miR-26a and high expression of miR-27a had shorter overall survival (log-rank test: P < 0.001). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards model analysis showed that low expression of miR-26a and high expression of miR-27a (P = 0.021; P = 0.011), high TNM stage (P = 0.001; P = 0.003), tumor grade (P = 0.005; P = 0.01), and distant metastasis.(P = 0.002; P = 0.005) were independent prognostic factors for overall survival patients with osteosarcoma cancer. Conclusions: In conclusion, our findings suggested that expression level of miR-26a and miR-27a contributes to aggressive progression of this malignancy. Therefore, may have clinical potentials as a non-invasive diagnostic/prognostic biomarker for osteosarcoma patients. © 2015 Taheriazam et al

Genotype and allele frequencies of N-acetyltransferase 2 and glutathione S-transferase in the Iranian population

1. Xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes constitute an important line of defence against a variety of carcinogens. Many are polymorphic, constituting the basis for the wide interindividual variation in metabolic capacity and possibly a source of variation in the susceptibility to chemical-induced carcinogenesis. The aim of the present study was to determine the frequencies of important allelic variants in the N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes in the Iranian population and compare them with frequencies in other ethnic populations. 2. Genotyping was performed in a total of 229 unrelated healthy subjects (119 men, 110 women) for NAT2 and 170 unrelated healthy subjects (89 men, 81 women) for GST from the general Tehran population. A combination of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) was applied for typing of NAT2 polymorphisms. Detection of GSTM1 and GSTT1 null alleles was performed simultaneously using a multiplex PCR assay. 3. The frequencies of specific NAT2 alleles were 0.299, 0.314, 0.380, 0.007 and 0.000 for *4 (wild-type), *5 (C481T, M1), *6 (G590A, M2), *7 (G857A, M3) and *14 (G191A, M4), respectively. The most prevalent genotypes were NAT2 *5/*6 (29.70) and *4/*6 (21.40). The GSTM1- and GSTT1-null alleles were detected in 44.7 and 21.2 of subjects, respectively. 4. We found that Iranians resemble Indians with regard to allelic frequencies of the tested variants of NAT2. The predominance of slow (49.36) and intermediate (41.47) acetylation status compared with wild-type rapid acetylation status (9.17) in the study group suggests the significant prevalence of the slow acetylator (SA) phenotypes in the Iranian population. Our data confirmed that Iranians are similar to other Caucasian populations in the frequency of both GSTM1- and GSTT1-null alleles. © 2007 The Authors

Nanoliposomes and Tocosomes as Multifunctional Nanocarriers for the Encapsulation of Nutraceutical and Dietary Molecules

Nanoscale lipid bilayers, or nanoliposomes, are generally spherical vesicles formed by the dispersion of phospholipid molecules in a water-based medium by energy input. The other nanoscale object discussed in this entry, i.e., tocosome, is a recently introduced bioactive carrier made mainly from tocopheryl phosphates. Due to their bi-compartmental structure, which consists of lipidic and aqueous compartments, these nanocarriers are capable of carrying hydrophilic and hydrophobic material separately or simultaneously. Nanoliposomes and tocosomes are able to provide protection and release of sensitive food-grade bioactive materials in a sustained manner. They are being utilized for the encapsulation of different types of bioactive materials (such as drugs, vaccines, antimicrobials, antioxidants, minerals and preservatives), for the enrichment and fortification of different food and nutraceutical formulations and manufacturing of functional products. However, a number of issues unique to the nutraceutical and food industry must first be resolved before these applications can completely become a reality. Considering the potentials and promises of these colloidal carrier systems, the present article reviews various aspects of nanoliposomes, in comparison with tocosomes, including the ingredients used in their manufacture, formation mechanisms and issues pertaining to their application in the formulation of health promoting dietary supplements and functional food products

Retraction Note to: Tissue expression levels of miR-29b and miR-422a in children, adolescents, and young adults� age groups and their association with prediction of poor prognosis in human osteosarcoma (Tumor Biol, (2016), 37, (3091-3095), 10.1007/s13277-015-4140-5)

This article has been retracted at the request of the Editorin- Chief, the International Society of Oncology and BioMarkers (ISOBM) and the Publisher per the Committee on Publication Ethics guidelines. The article shows evidence of irregularities in authorship, there is strong reason to believe that the peer review process was compromised and the article is showing similarities with the following article which was submitted within a close timeframe: Seyad Alireza Bassampour, Reza Abdi, Reza Bahador, Mohammadreza Shakeri, Ali Torkaman, Emad Yahaghi, Afshin Taheriazam, Downregulation of miR-133b/miR-503 acts as efficient prognostic and diagnostic factors in patients with osteosarcoma and these predictor biomarkers are correlated with overall survival. Tumor Biol. First online: 16 August 2015 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3918-9. © 2016, International Society of Oncology and BioMarkers (ISOBM)

Retraction note: Down-regulation of microRNA-26a and up-regulation of microRNA-27a contributes to aggressive progression of human osteosarcoma Diagn Pathol., 10 (2015) (166)

The Editor-in-Chief and Publisher have retracted this article 1 because the scientific integrity of the content cannot be guaranteed. An investigation by the Publisher found it to be one of a group of articles we have identified as showing evidence suggestive of attempts to subvert the peer review and publication system to inappropriately obtain or allocate authorship. This article showed evidence of plagiarism (most notably from the articles cited 2-4) and authorship manipulation. � The Author(s). 2016

Tissue expression levels of miR-29b and miR-422a in children, adolescents, and young adults� age groups and their association with prediction of poor prognosis in human osteosarcoma

Osteosarcoma is the most common type of bone cancer in children and adolescents. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in the development, differentiation, and function of different cell types and in the pathogenesis of various human diseases. miRNAs are differentially expressed in normal and cancer cells. The investigation of miRNA expression between healthy subjects and patients with osteosarcoma is crucial for future clinical trials. In this study, the expression levels of miRNAs were detected by qRT-PCR. Correlation between expression levels of tow miRNAs and different clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed using the �2 test. Survival rate was detected using the log-rank test and Kaplan�Meier method. qRT-PCR was shown that expression levels of miR-29b and miR-422a were strongly decreased in osteosarcoma bone tissue compared with noncancerous bone tissues. Our result indicated that the low expression levels of miR-29b and miR-422a showed strong correlation with large tumor size (P = 0.20; 0.029), advanced TNM stage (P = 0.001; 0.012), distant metastasis (P = 0.008; 0.019), and grade of tumor (P = 0.009; 0.016). Kaplan�Meier survival analysis showed that the low expressions of miR-29b/miR-422a were correlated with shorter time overall survival (log-rank test, P = 0.009; P = 0.013). Moreover, multivariate Cox proportional hazards model indicated that miR-29b and miR-422a (P = 0.024; P = 0.016) were independent prognostic markers of overall survival of patients. Our result indicated that downregulation of miR-29b and miR-422a may be linked to the prediction of poor prognosis, indicating that miR-29b and miR-422a may be a valuable prognostic marker for osteosarcoma patients. © 2015, International Society of Oncology and BioMarkers (ISOBM)