Türk toplumunda radyoopak çene lezyonlarının değerlendirilmesi: Retrospektif bir çalışma

Background: Radiopaque lesions are frequently found in the periapical region. The diagnosis and treatment of these lesions can be challenging to the dentist. The present study presents the similar radiographic features of the lesions to help the clinician narrow the differential diagnosis and to aid in treatment planning. This study aims to evaluate the frequency and distribution of radiopaque lesions in a Turkish population. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at the Department of Endodontics, Hamidiye Faculty of Dentistry, University of Health Sciences Turkey, İstanbul, Turkey. Data was obtained from digital panoramic images taken between 2018-2021. A total of 2.002 patients were included. The incidence of specific radiopaque lesions, like idiopathic osteosclerosis, condensing osteitis, odontoma, cementoblastoma, cementoosseous dysplasia, and fibrous dysplasia was evaluated with relation to gender. In addition to these, the frequency of pulp stones was also evaluated. Descriptive statistics and the chi-square test were used to evaluate the data. Results: Of the 1.912 patients diagnosed with radiopaque lesions, 960 (50.2%) were female and 952 (49.8%) were male. Radiopaque lesions were determined on 106 (5.5%) panoramic radiographs. While idiopathic osteosclerosis was found in 58 (3%), condensing osteitis was found in 33 (1.7%), odontoma was found in 1 (0.1%), cementoblastoma was found in 1 (0.1%), cemento-osseous dysplasia was found in 10 (0.5%) and fibrous dysplasia was found in 3 (0.2%) patients. Moreover, a pulp stone was found in 142 (7.4%) patients. No statistically significant difference was found between genders in any of the lesions (p>0.05), except for condensing osteitis (X²=0.024). Conclusion: The most common radiopaque lesions in the study were idiopathic osteosclerosis and condensing osteitis, while the least common was cementoblastoma and odontoma.Amaç: Periapikal bölgede radyoopak lezyonlar sıklıkla bulunmaktadır. Bu lezyonların teşhisi ve tedavisi diş hekimi için zorlayıcı olabilir. Bu lezyonlar benzer görüntüleme özelliklerine sahip olabilir ve bu çalışmada klinisyenin ayırıcı tanıyı daraltmasına ve hasta tedavisini planlamasına yardımcı olmak için temel radyografik özellikler sunulmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Türk popülasyonunda radyoopak lezyonlarının sıklığı ve dağılımının incelenmesi amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Radyoopak çene lezyonlarının bu retrospektif çalışması Türkiye’de Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi, Hamidiye Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Endodonti Anabilim Dalı’nda yapılmıştır. Veriler 2018’den 2021’e kadar dijital panoramik radyografi görüntülerinden alınmıştır. Toplam 2002 hasta dahil edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada cinsiyete ek olarak idiyopatik osteoskleroz, kondensing osteitis, odontoma, sementoblastoma, semento-osseöz displazi ve fibröz displazi gibi radyoopak lezyonların görülme sıklığı değerlendirildi. Bunlara ek olarak pulpa taşı sıklığı da değerlendirildi. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler ve ki- kare testi kullanıldı. Bulgular: Radyoopak lezyon tanısı alan 1,912 hastanın 960’ı (%50,2) kadın, 952’si (%49,8) erkekti. Yüz altı (%5,5) panoramik radyografide radyoopak lezyonlar tespit edildi. Elli sekizinde (%3) idiyopatik osteoskleroz, 33’ünde kondensing osteitis (%1,7), 1’inde odontoma (%0,1), 1’inde sementoblastoma (%0,1), 10’unda sementoosseoz displazisi (%0,5) ve 3’ünde fibröz displazi (%0,2) bulundu. Dahası 142’sinde pulpa taşı (%7,4) bulundu. Kondensing osteitis (X²=0,024) dışında hiçbir lezyonda cinsiyetler arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmadı (p>0,05). Sonuç: Çalışmada en sık radyoopak lezyonlar idiyopatik osteoskleroz ve kondens osteitis iken en az görüleni sementoblastoma ve odontoma idi

The effects of different root canal irrigation protocols and artificial aging procedures on the bond strength between dentin and hybrid ceramic posts

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of different root canal irrigation protocols applied to the dentin and artificial aging procedures on the micro pushout bond strength (mPBS) between dentin and hybrid ceramic posts. Seventy-five single-rooted mandibular premolar teeth were divided into 5 groups (Gr1-5). 50 of the teeth were used for the mPBS tests (n = 10), whereas 25 were used for the smear layer examinations (n = 5). Post space were prepared and irrigated with different irrigation-protocols in each group. (Gr1:[SS], Gr2:[NaOCl] + SS, Gr3:[EDTA] + NaOCl + SS, Gr4:[MA] + NaOCl + SS, Gr5:[Ch] + NaOCl + SS). Post and core pattern were fabricated with pattern resin and a fiber post, after scanning, the posts were milled with Vita Enamic resin ceramic block, and cemented. After 7 days the roots were sliced at thicknesses of 1 mm; half of them were subjected to mPBS test, while the other half were tested after undergoing mechanical cycling for artificial aging. For data analysis, the Shapiro-Wilk test was utilized to test normal distributions, 3-way analysis of variance was used to compare mPBS, and Tukey’s HSD test was conducted for multiple comparisons. SEM analysis was performed for examination of failure modes and smear layer removal. Different root canal irrigation protocols affected mPBS significantly. While Gr4 had the highest mPBS, Gr1 had the lowest. Regarding to different zones, the highest mPBS was in coronal zone, and the lowest one was in the apical zone. The aging procedure also led to a statistically-significant decrease in mPBS. Most frequent failure modes were cohesive failure in dentin and mixed failure. Irrigation with 7%MA (Gr4) showed better performance than 17% EDTA (Gr3) in smear layer removal, especially at the apical zone of the tooth. This is critical for the success of root canal treatment and increased the mPBS to a higher extent in all zones of the tooth

The effect of tooth loss severity on oral health-related quality of life: A cross-sectional study

Amaç: Bu kesitsel çalışmanın amacı; diş eksikliği olan erişkin hastaların diş eksikliği şiddetinin ağız sağlığı ile ilişkili yaşam kalitesi [oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL)] üzerine etkisinin değerlendirilmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmaya hastaneye başvuran 255 hastadan, 18 yaşından büyük ve en az 1 diş eksikliği bulunan 158 gönüllü hasta dâhil edildi. Hastaların yaş, cinsiyet, eğitim durumu gibi sosyodemografik verileri, ağız sağlığı alışkanlıkları, eksik diş sayıları ve kendi değerlendirdikleri yaşam kalitesi verileri kaydedildi ve sınıflandırıldı. Diş kaybının OHRQoL üzerindeki etkisi, Likert tipi bir ölçek ile hasta tarafından skorlanan 14 maddelik ağız sağlığı etki profili [oral health impact profile (OHIP-14-TR)] anketinin Türkçe versiyonu kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Eksik diş sayısına göre OHIP-14 toplam puanları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmuştur (p=0,001). Burada farklılık 1-3 eksiği olanlar ile 10 ve 10’dan fazla eksiği olanlar arasında görülmüştür. 1-3 diş eksiği olanlarda OHIP-14 genel puanı ortanca değeri 16, 4-6 eksiği olanlarda 18, 7-9 eksiği olanlarda 17 ve 10 ve 10+ diş eksiği olanlarda bu değer 29 olarak elde edilmiştir. Hastaların, yaş, medeni durum, çalışma durumu, diş fırçalama sıklığı ve diş hekimi ziyareti sıklığı değişkenleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklar elde edilmiştir (p=0,001). Sonuç: Çalışmanın sınırlamaları dâhilinde diş kaybının hastaların OHRQoL’si üzerinde olumsuz bir etkisi olduğu gösterilmiştir. Diş kaybının şiddeti arttıkça, OHIP-14 puanı artmaktadır. Diş kaybı olan hastalarda, fiziksel, psikolojik ve sosyal kısıtlılıklar görülmektedir.Objective: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the effect of tooth loss severity on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in adult patients with missing teeth. Material and Methods: Among 255 patients admitted to the hospital, 158 volunteer patients over 18 years of age and with at least one missing tooth were included in this study. Sociodemographic data such as age, sex, education status, also oral health habits, number of missing teeth and selfevaluated quality of life data of the patients were recorded and classified. The effect of tooth loss on OHRQoL was evaluated using the Turkish version of the 14-item oral health impact profile (OHIP- 14-TR) questionnaire scored by the patient with a Likert-type scale. Results: A statistically significant difference was found between the OHIP-14 total scores according to the number of missing teeth (p=0.001). The difference was seen between those with 1-3 deficiencies and those with 10 and more than 10 deficiencies. The median OHIP-14 overall score was 16 in those with 1-3 missing teeth, 18 in those with 4-6 missing, 17 and 10 in those with 7-9 missing, and 29 in those with 10+ teeth. Statistically significant differences were obtained between the variables of age, marital status, employment status, frequency of tooth brushing and frequency of dental visits (p=0.001). Conclusion: Within the limitations of the study, tooth loss has been shown to have a negative impact on patients’ OHRQoL. As the severity of tooth loss increases, the OHIP-14 score increases. Physical, psychological and social limitations are seen in patients with tooth loss

EVALUATION OF MOBILE DENTAL HEALTH SERVICE DEMAND IN ÇUKUROVA REGION

Amaç: Bu projenin amacı Çukurova Bölgesi'nde gezici ağız-diş sağlığı hizmetine duyulan ihtiyacı belirlemektir.Gereç ve Yöntem: Adana şehir merkezine en fazla 20 km uzaklıkta olan köyler belirlendi. Bu köylerden en yüksek nüfusa sahip 4 köyün(Alihocalı, Çotlu, Kılıçlı, Şıhmurat) muhtarları ile görüşüldü. Anketlerin uygulanacağı evler rastgele seçildi. Anketler belirlenen köylerde evleregidilerek uygulandı. Çukurova Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi'nden 5 stajyer öğrenci bu köylerde 204'ü kadın 207'si erkek olmak üzeretoplam 411 kişiyle anket yaptı.Bulgular: Anket sonuçlarına göre bu kişilerden %37'sinin (152 kişi) sağlık güvencesinin Sosyal Sigortalar Kurumu'ndan (SSK), % 22.9'unun(94 kişi) Bağ-Kur'dan, %3.2'sinin (13 kişi) emekli sandığından sağlandığı, % 14.6'sının (60 kişi) yeşil kart sahibi olduğu, %22.4'ünün (92 kişi)ise sağlık güvencesinin bulunmadığı görüldü. Yirmi iki kişinin sadece okur-yazar olduğu köylerde 278 kişi ilköğretim, 49 kişi ortaöğretim, 14kişi yüksek öğretim görmüşken, 48 kişinin okuma yazmasının dahi olmadığı saptandı. Nüfusun %41.6'sı (171 kişi) ev hanımı, %18'i (74 kişi)çiftçi, %3.2'si (13 kişi) ise işsizdir. Anket yapılan yerlerde diş hekiminin olmadığı, ağız-diş sağlığı hizmeti alabilecekleri birimlerin yaşadıklarıyerden uzak olduğu ve maddi durumlarının yeterli olmaması sebebiyle hizmet alamadıkları belirlendi. Anket yapılan kişilerin %63.7'sinde (262kişi) diş fırçalama alışkanlığının olmadığı saptandı.Sonuç: Bu bilgilere dayanarak anketin uygulandığı insanların ağız ve diş sağlığı hizmeti alma konusunda ciddi sorunlarının olduğu, gerek ulaşımgerekse ekonomik şartlarının yeterli olmadığı görülmüştür. Halkın tedavi görmesine olanak sunan bir gezici ağız-diş sağlığı projesi bu konudakieksikliklerin düzeltilmesini sağlayabilir.Objective: The objective of this project was to evaluate the consciousness of people about oral health and determine the necessity of mobile dentalservices in Çukurova Region.Material and Method: Villages which are not more than 20 km away from Adana city center were selected. The headmen of four villages(Alihocalı, Çotlu, KılıÇlı, Şıhmurat) with the highest population were called. The houses to be surveyed were randomly selected. Surveys wereconducted on a total of 411 people, 204 women and 207 men, by five intern students studying at Çukurova University, Faculty of Dentistry.Results: Health insurance of 37% (152 people) of surveyed people were from the Social Insurance Institution, 22.9% (94 people) were from selfemployed institution, 3.2% (13 people) were from pension-fund, 14.6% (60 people) were green card holders, 22.4% (92 persons) didn't have healthinsurance. Out of 411 people 22 were only literate, 278 and 49 people graduated from primary and secondary school, respectively. 14 people studiedhigher education and 48 people were unable to read or write. Forty two (171 people) of the participants were housewives, 18% (74 persons) werefarmers and 3.2% (13 people) were unemployed. None of the surveyed villages had dentist. Oral health services they can get were far fromvillages. The income of the surveyed people was not high enough to finance dental services. People who were surveyed were unconscious aboutthe importance of oral health and 63.7% (262 people) of the surveyed people didn't establish teeth brushing habit.Conclusion: People who were included in the survey had serious problems about taking oral health services. Transportation and financialconditions of the citizens were main problems. An active permanent solution and a mobile oral health project which gives people opportunity toreceive dental treatment can solve the main problem

Is adrenomedullin upregulation due to apical periodontitis independent of periodontal disease?

To investigate the relationship between apical periodontitis [AP] severity and inflammatory markers [interleukin (IL)-12, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and Mid-Regional Pro Adrenomedullin (MR-proADM)] in patients with AP. A total of 162 subjects were divided into three categories: AP group (n = 80), periodontitis (P) group (n = 42), healthy control group (n = 40). The scoring of disease severity in 80 AP patients without any periodontal disease, using dental radiographs, was based on “The Abscess Score” (AS), as those having at least 1 tooth with AP and severity of PAI 3–4 were classified as AS 1 (mild); those with only1 tooth and severity of PAI 5 as AS 2 (moderate) and those having > 2 tooth with severity of PAI 5 as AS 3 (severe). Blood samples were collected from all of the patients. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to evaluate the samples. The MR-pro ADM levels of both the AP and P groups were considerably higher than the control group (p < 0.01). The IL-12 levels of the AP group were higher than the P and control groups (p < 0.05). TNF-α levels of the P group were significantly higher than both the AP and control groups (p < 0.01). MR-pro ADM levels of both the AP and Periodontitis groups were higher than the control group. TNF-α was a biomarker of periodontitis, while IL-12 was a biomarker of apical periodontitis