A Simulation That Students Can Perform

<p>After several minutes, Dpp forms one peak in the centre of the dorsal region, as in the wild type. The various elements of the quantitative model can be entered under “protein conc. changes”, “initial localizations”, “values of constants”, and “initial concentrations”. The numerical simulation itself shows the dynamic behaviour of the designed quantitative model.</p

<i>MtNIN</i> induction upon Rhizobium application in legumes and non-legumes.

<p>Induction of <i>MtNIN</i> 24 h after exposure to flavonoid stimulated, compatible rhizobium bacteria (+) compared to water control (−) in Medicago (Med WT), transgenic poplar (line Pop 15.4 and Pop 18.1) and transgenic tobacco (line Tob 47 and Tob 65). Poplar <i>PtACT2</i> & <i>PtUBQ</i> and tobacco <i>NtGAPDH</i> were used as reference genes. Three biological replicates are shown for each line. Error bars show variation between three technical replicates.</p

Selection of transformed lines.

<p>Tissues are analyzed by bright field microscopy (A, C, E, G, I, K) and fluorescent microscopy using DsRED1 filter settings (B, D, F, H, J, L). A+B: Discrimination between transformed strawberry calli (red arrow) and untransformed calli (white arrow) based on expression of DsRED1. C+D: Outgrowth of transgenic- (red arrow) and non-transgenic strawberry plants (white arrow). E+F: Non-transgenic strawberry plant (white arrow). G+H: Transgenic strawberry plant (red arrow). I+J: Outgrowth of marker free tobacco plantlet, (red arrow) on a DsRED1 expressing leave disk (white arrow). K+L: Mosaic picture showing wild type tobacco (left), transformed tobacco expressing DsRED1 before (middle) and after marker gene removal (right).</p

Additional file 3: of A genetically and functionally diverse group of non-diazotrophic Bradyrhizobium spp. colonizes the root endophytic compartment of Arabidopsis thaliana

Figure S1. Bradyrhizobium spp. do not affect Arabidopsis shoot fresh weight. Plants were grown for 14 days on sterilised river sand, supplemented with the Bradyrhizobium spp. strains, or mock treated (Control). Only shoot weight was measured, roots were used as template for the qPCR in Fig. 5. Each dot represents one replicate (n = 30 for each treatment, except for RPG001, for which is n = 29). (PDF 6 kb

Additional file 1: of A genetically and functionally diverse group of non-diazotrophic Bradyrhizobium spp. colonizes the root endophytic compartment of Arabidopsis thaliana

Table S1. DNA fingerprinting of 102 isolates (XLSX 12 kb

GUS reporter studies in legumes and non-legumes.

<p>Histochemical blue staining of roots from Medicago (left row), Arabidopsis (center row) and tomato (right row) transformed with different Medicago Nod factor signaling gene promoter::GUS constructs.</p

Physical map of binary vector pHUGE-Red.

<p>Indicated are left border (LB), right border (RB), Rs-recombination sites (Rs), R-recombinase-LDB fusion gene (recLDB), the visual marker <i>DsRED1</i> (DsRED1) driven by <i>AtUBQ10</i> promoter, the fused selection markers <i>CodA-nptII</i> under control of <i>CaMV35S</i> promoter and the components required for multisite gateway; recombination sites (<i>attR3</i> and <i>attR4</i>) and two selection markers (CmR and ccdB). The backbone contains the P1 replicon as well as the pRiA4 replicon. Selection markers: kanamycin (KnR) and spectinomycin (SpR). In vector pHUGE-RedSeed the <i>AtUBQ10</i> promoter was exchanged for the seed coat specific napin promoter. Complete sequences are available at the GenBank database (pHuge-Red accession no. JN874480, pHuge-RedSeed accession no. JN874481).</p

Additional file 2: of A genetically and functionally diverse group of non-diazotrophic Bradyrhizobium spp. colonizes the root endophytic compartment of Arabidopsis thaliana

Table S2. Assembly statistics (XLSX 11 kb

Relative gene expression of legume Nod factor signaling genes in trans.

<p>Expression has been studied in transgenic poplar (line Pop 15.4 and Pop 18.1), tobacco (line Tob 47 and Tob 65) and tomato (Tom 15.4). Gene expression was compared to native gene expression in Medicago (Med WT) which was set to 1. <i>MtDMI2</i> has been used as interspecies reference gene. Error bars show variation between three technical replicates.</p

Plasmids used for transformation of strawberry, poplar, tobacco and tomato.

<p>Plasmids used for transformation of strawberry, poplar, tobacco and tomato.</p