Quantum Calculations of Electron Tunneling in Respiratory Complex III

The most detailed and comprehensive to date study of electron transfer reactions in the respiratory complex III of aerobic cells, also known as <i>bc</i>₁ complex, is reported. In the framework of the tunneling current theory, electron tunneling rates and atomistic tunneling pathways between different redox centers were investigated for all electron transfer reactions comprising different stages of the proton-motive Q-cycle. The calculations reveal that complex III is a smart nanomachine, which under certain conditions undergoes conformational changes gating electron transfer, or channeling electrons to specific pathways. One-electron tunneling approximation was adopted in the tunneling calculations, which were performed using hybrid Broken-Symmetry (BS) unrestricted DFT/ZINDO levels of theory. The tunneling orbitals were determined using an exact biorthogonalization scheme that uniquely separates pairs of tunneling orbitals with small overlaps out of the remaining Franck–Condon orbitals with significant overlap. Electron transfer rates in different redox pairs show exponential distance dependence, in agreement with the reported experimental data; some reactions involve coupled proton transfer. Proper treatment of a concerted two-electron bifurcated tunneling reaction at the Q_o site is given

MOESM1 of Sporadic PCDH18 somatic mutations in EpCAM-positive hepatocellular carcinoma

Additional file 1. Validated nonsynonymous somatic mutations

MOESM2 of Sporadic PCDH18 somatic mutations in EpCAM-positive hepatocellular carcinoma

Additional file 2. The number of point mutations in 300 liver cancers and the function of 13 novel mutated genes

Assessment of Still and Moving Images in the Diagnosis of Gastric Lesions Using Magnifying Narrow-Band Imaging in a Prospective Multicenter Trial

<div><p>Objectives</p><p>Magnifying narrow-band imaging (M-NBI) is more accurate than white-light imaging for diagnosing small gastric cancers. However, it is uncertain whether moving M-NBI images have additional effects in the diagnosis of gastric cancers compared with still images.</p><p>Design</p><p>A prospective multicenter cohort study.</p><p>Methods</p><p>To identify the additional benefits of moving M-NBI images by comparing the diagnostic accuracy of still images only with that of both still and moving images. Still and moving M-NBI images of 40 gastric lesions were obtained by an expert endoscopist prior to this prospective multicenter cohort study. Thirty-four endoscopists from ten different Japanese institutions participated in the prospective multicenter cohort study. Each study participant was first tested using only still M-NBI images (still image test), then tested 1 month later using both still and moving M-NBI images (moving image test). The main outcome was a difference in the diagnostic accuracy of cancerous versus noncancerous lesions between the still image test and the moving image test.</p><p>Results</p><p>Thirty-four endoscopists were analysed. There were no significant difference of cancerous versus noncancerous lesions between still and moving image tests in the diagnostic accuracy (59.9% versus 61.5%), sensitivity (53.4% versus 55.9%), and specificity (67.0% versus 67.6%). And there were no significant difference in the diagnostic accuracy between still and moving image tests of demarcation line (65.4% versus 65.5%), microvascular pattern (56.7% versus 56.9%), and microsurface pattern (48.1% versus 50.9%). Diagnostic accuracy showed no significant difference between the still and moving image tests in the subgroups of endoscopic findings of the lesions.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>The addition of moving M-NBI images to still M-NBI images does not improve the diagnostic accuracy for gastric lesions. It is reasonable to concentrate on taking sharp still M-NBI images during endoscopic observation and use them for diagnosis.</p><p>Trial registration</p><p>Umin.ac.jp <a href="https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr/ctr.cgi?function=brows&action=brows&type=summary&recptno=R000009477&language=E" target="_blank">UMIN-CTR000008048</a></p></div

Additional file 2: Figure S2. of Serum cytokine profiles predict survival benefits in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated with sorafenib: a retrospective cohort study

Comparison of serum IL-5, CXCL9, and VGEF-A levels between long survivors and non-long survivors in the 2 cohorts. (PDF 117 kb

Additional file 1: Figure S1. of Serum cytokine profiles predict survival benefits in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated with sorafenib: a retrospective cohort study

Kaplan-Meier survival analysis of HCC patients classified as HGF-high and -low, IL-4-high and -low, and SDF1-high and –low in Cohort 2. (PDF 101 kb

Cancerous lesion: Within a DL (arrows), irregular MVP and irregular MSP are noted.

<p>Cancerous lesion: Within a DL (arrows), irregular MVP and irregular MSP are noted.</p

Characteristics of 40 Gastric Lesions Used in Both Tests.

<p>Characteristics of 40 Gastric Lesions Used in Both Tests.</p

Diagnostic Accuracy of Vessels Plus Surface Classification System in Still Image Test versus Moving Image Test by All 34 Endoscopists.

<p>Diagnostic Accuracy of Vessels Plus Surface Classification System in Still Image Test versus Moving Image Test by All 34 Endoscopists.</p

Diagnostic Accuracy of Still Image Test versus Moving Image Test in the Subgroups of Endoscopic Findings.

<p>Diagnostic Accuracy of Still Image Test versus Moving Image Test in the Subgroups of Endoscopic Findings.</p