Analiza kvaliteta vode reke Mlave na osnovu vodenih makroinvertebrata

Cilj rada je da se predstave rezultati ispitivanja kvaliteta vode reke Mlave, zasnovani na prisutnoj zajednici vodenih makroinvertebrata. Mlava, sa dužinom toka od 78 km i površinom sliva od 1885 km², jedna je od značajnijih pritoka Dunava u Srbiji. Kao najvažniji izvori komunalnog i industrijskog zagađenja mogu se izdvojiti gradovi Požarevac (70000 stanovnika; u donjem toku) i Petrovac na Mlavi (8000 stanovnika; srednji tok), kao i Žagubica (2600 stanovnika; gornji tok). Slivno područje, naročito u srednjem delu toka, je i pod uticajem spiranja sa poljoprivrednih površina, kao i komunalnih otpadnih voda iz brojnih manjih naselja. Negativni efekti, ovih antropogenih uticaja mogu biti još izraženiji, zbog specifične hidrologije, odnosno preovlađivanja stanja niskih voda u slivu ove reke. Uzorkovanje je izvršeno u julu 2013. godine. Kao parametri za ocenu kvaliteta vode, korišćeni su sledeći pokazatelji: Saprobni indeks (SI; Zelinka & Marvan), BMWP i ASPT skorovi, broj taksona grupa Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera (EPT) i indeks diverziteta (SWI; Shannon-Wiener’s indeks). Ukupno 72 taksona makroinvertebrata su identifikovana. Insekti su bili najraznovrsnija komponenta, a u okviru njih najbrojnije su bile grupe Ephemeroptera (13 taksona) i Trichoptera (11 taksona). Najveća raznovrsnost zabeležena je na lokalitetu Leskovac (33 taksona). Većina taksona je tolerantna na određeni stepen organskog zagađenja (β –mezosaprobni i α–mezosaprobni organizmi), naročito u donjem delu toka (Rašanac i Požarevac). Vrednosti SI na svim lokalitetima upućuju na veoma dobar i dobar kvalitet vode (klase I i II). Vrednosti BMWP i ASPT ukazuju na veoma dobar kvalitet vode samo na lokalitetima u srednjem i donjem delu toka (Leskovac i Požarevac), dok je u gornjem delu toka, kvalitet vode, ili loš (BMWP), ili umeren do dobar (ASPT). I preostali pokazatelj (EPT), takođe, ukazuje na bolji kvalitet vode u donjem delu toka. Na osnovu svih korišćenih pokazatelja, kvalitet vode reke Mlave u julu 2013. godine se može oceniti kao dobar (klasa II)

The anthropogenic impact on water quality of the river Danube in Serbia: Microbiological analysis and genotoxicity monitoring

The aim of this work was to examine the impact of urban wastewaters on the water quality of the Danube River in Serbia. Samples of water and sediments for microbiological analysis and genotoxicity monitoring were collected from 6 sites during spring and/or autumn 2010. Sanitary analysis, i.e. enumeration of total and fecal coliforms and intestinal enterococci, indicated moderate to critical fecal contamination, while organic load assessment (oligotroph to heterotroph ratio, index of phosphatase activity) revealed the category of moderately polluted water. Mercury-resistant bacteria were detected in all water samples, with high numbers at locations positioned downstream of Belgrade. There was no correlation of the microbiological parameters of the sediment and water samples. Genotoxicity monitoring, performed by the comet assay on hemocytes of mussels Sinanodonta woodiana, indicated a significant increase of DNA damage in mussels collected from the studied sites compared with the control group

Comparative study of the genotoxic response of freshwater mussels Unio tumidus and Unio pictorum to environmental stress

Genotoxic response of freshwater mussels U. tumidus and U. pictorum to environmental stress was studied using comet assay on hemocytes and gill cells. The mussels were acclimated to controlled laboratory conditions for 10 days, and then exposed at 4 sites in the Sava and Danube rivers in the area of the city of Belgrade. Samples of each species were taken after 7, 14, and 30 days of exposure. The mussels sampled immediately after acclimation served as controls. Genotoxic response in both species was induced earlier at sites receiving untreated wastewaters from the city's main collectors (7 days), than at the site receiving only domestic wastewaters from small settlements located upstream from the city (30 days). There was a correlation between the comet tail intensity values in tissues of exposed mussels and the concentrations of zinc, copper, iron, and arsenic at the exposure sites. The genotoxic responses in both tissues of U. pictorum and in hemocytes of U. tumidus were similar, while U. tumidus gill cells failed to exhibit significant genotoxic response at two sites. These findings, together with higher mortality of U. tumidus at the most polluted sites, promote U. pictorum as a model for genotoxicity monitoring in freshwater environments.European Community {[}265264

Applying the Molecular Adsorbent Recirculating System (MARS) in the Treatment of Acute Liver Failure (ALF) Case Report

Acute liver failure (ALF) is a rare but life-threatening illness with multiple organ failure. The short-term mortality rate exceeded 80 % despite modern approaches in treatment. Drugs, infections by hepatic viruses and toxins are the most common causes of ALF. Progressive jaundice, coagulation disorder and hepatic encephalopathy are dominated as a clinical signs of the illness. We present a case of a 36-year-old Caucasian woman hospitalized in ICU due to yellow discoloration of the skin and sclera, severe disseminated coagulopathy and hemodynamic instability. ALF is developed due to Hepatitis B Virus infection, resulting in hepatic toxicity as well as coma. General condition rapidly improved after applying of Molecular Adsorbent Recirculating System (MARS), an extracorporeal liver support system based on albumin dialysis. It is relatively expensive treatment that is used for the patient with hepatic encephalopathy grade 3 or 4 in our institution. In conclusion, an early administration of MARS significantly reveals subjective and objective clinical improvement in the case we presented

Biotic Typology of the Danube River Based on Distribution of Mollusc Fauna as Revealed by the Second Joint Danube Survey (2007)

The aim of this study is to present the distribution of aquatic molluscs along a 2600 km long stretch of the Danube River based on information obtained during the Second Joint Danube Survey (JDS2) in 2007. The collected data are used to validate the abiotic typology of the Danube River and to determine the extent of variations in mollusc richness and composition that can be explained by the basic habitat characteristics of the sites. The examination of the distribution of mollusc fauna reveals differences between the three main sectors of the river, the Upper, Middle and Lower Danube. The Iron Gate Section was identified as the boundary between the Middle and Lower, Danube. A total of 42 aquatic mollusc species-group taxa of 14 families are detected within the study area. The Middle and Upper sectors are characterised by higher species richness and diversity as compared to the Lower Danube.Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia {[}173025

Catheter Ablation of Atrial Tachycardia after Pulmonary Vein Isolation in a Patient with Common Ostium of Inferior Pulmonary Veins: Case Report

Background and Objectives: Atrial fibrillation (AF), a prevalent cardiac arrhythmia, significantly impacts the quality of life of those affected. The preferred treatment for symptomatic AF, particularly when pharmacological methods fall short, is catheter ablation with pulmonary vein isolation (PVI). While common pulmonary vein (PV) anatomical variants, such as the right accessory pulmonary vein and the common ostium of left pulmonary veins (LCPV), have been studied extensively, their impact on the long-term outcome of PVI is known to be minimal. However, data on less common anomalies, like the common ostium of the left and right inferior pulmonary vein (CIPV), remain scarce in the medical literature. This report aims to shed light on the challenges and outcomes of catheter ablation in a patient with a rare CIPV anomaly. By presenting this case, we contribute to the limited knowledge about the management of such unique anatomical variations in AF treatment and discuss the importance of individualized treatment approaches. Case Presentation: We present a case involving a 56-year-old male diagnosed with AF in 2018. Initial PVI treatment was successful, but the patient experienced symptom recurrence after three years. A preprocedural CT scan before the second ablation revealed a CIPV anomaly. During the repeat procedure, a right superior pulmonary vein (RSPV) reisolation was performed due to identified gaps in the previous ablation line. Post-procedure, the patient maintained a sinus rhythm and reported no further symptoms. Conclusions: This case highlights the importance of recognizing rare PV anatomies like CIPV in the effective management of AF. Tailored ablation strategies, accounting for unique anatomical conditions, can lead to successful long-term outcomes, reinforcing the need for personalized approaches in AF treatment, especially in cases involving complex anatomical variations

Distribution of the species of Theodoxus Montfort, 1810 (Gastropoda: Neritidae) in Serbia: an Overview

The distribution of freshwater snails of the genus Theodoxus in Serbia is examined. The study comprises literature data and field surveys carried out at 84 watercourses and 5 reservoirs during 2010-2013. The occurrence of three species is confirmed: Theodoxus fluviatilis, T danubialis and T transversalis. The most widespread species is T. fluviatilis (river nerite). The previously dominant nerite T danubialis (Danube nerite) currently persists mainly in hilly and mountain parts of central Serbia and remains in few localities only in large rivers such as the Danube and the Sava. The endangered species T transversalis (striped nerite) shows patchy distribution; the Drina River - Lim River and the Velika Morava River - Juzna Morava River - Nisava River systems are revealed as important refugia for this species. Moreover, at some localities at the Nigava River and the Velika Morava River, the striped nerite is found to be the dominant in the present gastropod communities. Regular studies are crucial for the timely prediction of population health and for conservation of freshwater nerite species in Europe.Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia {[}TR 37009, OI 17173025

Macroinvertebrate communities along the Velika Morava River

This paper presents the results of a faunistic study of the macrozoobenthos of the Velika Morava River. The investigation was conducted during the summer and autumn months in 2010. A total of 84 macroinvertebrate taxa have been identified, with Insecta (Ephemeroptera) as the most diverse and Oligochaeta as the most abundant groups. A tubificid worm, Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri, was the most important species with regard to relative abundance and frequency of occurrence. Two rare and endangered species, Theodoxus transversalis and Unio crassus, were recorded, as well as 5 alien species. Locality VM4 (Markovac Bridge) is of particular interest as the northernmost locality, as well as having the most abundant population of T. transversalis found. Despite being in the lower stretch of the river, this site is particularly taxa-rich, presumably due to conspicuous microhabitat diversity. Water temperature and pH value were determined to be the most important factors of the 32 environmental variables tested. Multivariate analyses revealed separation of summer samples compared to autumn. The Mann-Whitney test showed significant differences in fauna only in the case of ecoregions, confirming their current delineation and the transitional character of this river.Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia {[}TR 37009, OI 173025

Effects of metals on blood oxidative stress biomarkers and acetylcholinesterase activity in dice snakes (Natrix tessellata) from Serbia

The effects of waterborne metals in water on the activities of blood copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and on the concentrations of total glutathione (GSH) and lipid peroxides (TBARS) in the blood of dice snakes (Natrix tessellata) caught in Obedska Bara, Sebia (control area), with snakes caught in Pancevacki Rit, a contaminated area in Serbia were examined. The activities of CAT, GSH-Px, GR and AChE, and the concentration of TBARS were significantly decreased, while GST activity and GSH concentration were significantly increased in snakes from the contaminated area compared to specimens from the control area. Significantly increased concentrations of Al, As, B, Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mn, Na, Ni and Zn in the water at the contaminated area as compared to control area were detected. The metals Ag, Bi, Cd, Co, Hg, In and Tl were not observed in any of the localities. Cr, Mo and Pb were not detected at the control area but were observed at the contaminated area. The concentrations of Sr were similar at both sites. The concentration of Mg was 2-fold higher at the control site than at the contaminated area. The obtained results show that most of the investigated blood biomarkers correlate with concentrations of metals present in the environment. These findings suggest that dice snakes are sensitive bioindicator species for monitoring the effects of increased metal concentrations in the environment.Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of Republic of Serbia {[}173041, 173043

Synthesis, Characterization, and Cytotoxicity of Binuclear Cooper(II)-Complexes with some S-Alkenyl Derivatives of Thiosalicyclic Acid

New complexes of copper(II) with S-alkenyl derivatives of thiosalicylic acid (alkenyl = propenyl-(L1), isobutenyl-(L2)) have been synthesized and characterized by microanalysis, infrared spectra, magnetic measurements, and by NMR spectra. The cytotoxic activity of two newly synthesized precursor S-alkenyl derivatives of thiosalicylic acid were tested using an MTT colorimetric technique on HCT-116 human colon carcinoma cells. The cytotoxic effect of the copper(II)- complexes were higher compared to the cytotoxicity of the corresponding ligand (for concentrations from 31.25 to 250 μM). Copper(II)-complexes showed a slightly lower cytotoxicity compared to cisplatin. Complexes of copper(II) with S-alkenyl derivatives of thiosalicylic acid (at concentrations from 250 to 1000 μM) had a cytotoxic effect on HCT-116 cells compared to cisplatin