1 research outputs found
Whiskey Congeners Suppress LPS/IFNγ-Induced NO Production in Murine Macrophage RAW 264 Cells by Inducing Heme Oxygenase‑1 Expression
Whiskey includes many nonvolatile substances (whiskey
congeners;
Whc) that seep from the oak cask during the maturation process. To
date, many functions of Whc have reported, such as antiallergy and
antimelanogenesis. This study examined the effect of Whc on LPS/IFNγ-induced
nitric oxide (NO) production in murine macrophage RAW 264 cells. Whc
suppressed LPS/IFNγ-induced NO production in a concentration-dependent
manner. To determine the active compounds in Whc, the effect of 10
major compounds isolated from Whc on LPS/IFNγ-induced NO production
was examined. Coniferylaldehyde (CA) and sinapylaldehyde (SiA) strongly
suppressed LPS/IFNγ-induced NO production. Pretreatment with
Whc, CA, and SiA induced heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression. The expression
of HO-1 by Whc, CA, and SiA pretreatment was due to activation of
Nrf2/ARE signaling via the elevation of intracellular reactive oxygen
species. To investigate the in vivo effects of Whc, Whc was administered
to mice with antitype II collagen antibody-induced arthritis, and
we the arthritis score and hind paw volume were measured. Administration
of Whc remarkably suppressed the arthritis score and hind paw volume.
Taken together, these findings suggest that Whc is beneficial for
the treatment of inflammatory disease