82 research outputs found
Characterization of the human SDHD gene encoding the small subunit of cytochrome b (cybS) in mitochondrial succinate–ubiquinone oxidoreductase
Get PDFAbstractWe have mapped large (cybL) and small (cybS) subunits of cytochrome b in the succinate–ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex II) of human mitochondria to chromosome 1q21 and 11q23, respectively (H. Hirawake et al., Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 79 (1997) 132–138). In the present study, the human SDHD gene encoding cybS was cloned and characterized. The gene comprises four exons and three introns extending over 19 kb. Sequence analysis of the 5′ promoter region showed several motifs for the binding of transcription factors including nuclear respiratory factors NRF-1 and NRF-2 at positions −137 and −104, respectively. In addition to this gene, six pseudogenes of cybS were isolated and mapped on the chromosome
The influences of low protein diet on the intestinal microbiota of mice
Get PDFRecent research suggests that protein deficiency symptoms are influenced by the intestinal microbiota. We investigated the influence of low protein diet on composition of the intestinal microbiota through animal experiments. Specific pathogen-free (SPF) mice were fed one of four diets (3, 6, 9, or 12% protein) for 4 weeks (n = 5 per diet). Mice fed the 3% protein diet showed protein deficiency symptoms such as weight loss and low level of blood urea nitrogen concentration in their serum. The intestinal microbiota of mice in the 3% and 12% protein diet groups at day 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 were investigated by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, which revealed differences in the microbiota. In the 3% protein diet group, a greater abundance of urease producing bacterial species was detected across the duration of the study. In the 12% diet protein group, increases of abundance of Streptococcaceae and Clostridiales families was detected. These results suggest that protein deficiency may be associated with shifts in intestinal microbiota
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