Magnetic resonance imaging study on temporomandibular joint morphology [Studija o morfologiji čeljusnog zgloba pomoću magnetske rezonancije]

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has enabled the accomplishment of a more effective diagnostics of temporomandibular disorders (TMD). The sample included 40 patients with clinical symptoms of disc displacement (DD) of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and 25 subjects included in our study were asymptomatic. DD were diagnosed by clinical examinations which were subsequently confirmed by MRI. DD was found in 18% of the TMJs of the asymptomatic patients. The highest prevalence of total DD without reduction was found in 44.1% of the patients' joints subsequently followed by total DD with reduction comprising 34.9% of the TMJs and by partial DD with reduction comprising 21% of the TMJs. This study may help us clarify the complicated relationship which exists between the radiographic and clinical findings of TMJ disorders

Wild Boar Attack – A Case Report of a Wild Boar Inflfl icted Injury and Treatment

Croatia is a relatively safe country in regards to wild animal attacks and trauma to humans, even though there are a few reported cases of wild animal attacks on humans almost every year. As a bio-diversity hot-spot it is inhabited by a few wild animal species that are known to attack humans and cause serious, sometimes even fatal injuries to humans throughout the world, such as wolves, brown bears and wild boars. We present a case of a recent wild boar attack on a human – a hunter that occurred in central Croatia in the year 2012. The injured person was a part of a group of hunters involved in a drive hunt on wild boars. He sustained a 4 cm long laceration of the left knee by a wounded male wild boar. After the surgical and antibiotic treatment he recovered completely and without any complications

Wildlife-Vehicle Collisions in Croatia – A Hazard for Humans and Animals

Wildlife-vehicle collisions (WVC) have increased and now there is a world-wide problem related to significant mortality of wildlife, habitat fragmentation, change in behavior and even disappearance of local endangered populations. Along with these deleterious effects on wildlife, WVC can also result in injuries and deaths of humans. During the three-year monitoring, a total of 7,495 wildlife-vehicle collisions were recorded, including mainly roe deer (73%), while other species were less frequently affected (wild boar – 9%; brown hare – 5%; and red deer and pheasant each with 4%). Incidence of wildlife-vehicle collisions were observed according to territorial distribution, seasonal and daily occurrence and type of road (total and per 1 km)

Characterisation of pseudorabies virus in domestic pigs and wild boars in Croatia

Serological data imply that pseudorabies (Aujeszky’s disease) is present in domestic pigs and wild boars in Croatia. Therefore, this study included testing of brain tissue samples collected from 200 domestic pigs and 105 wild boars originating from seventeen districts of Croatia. The presence of pseudorabies virus (PrV) DNA was confirmed in samples originating from six domestic pigs (3%) and one wild boar (0.95%). Positive samples were sequenced and analysed on the basis of a gC genome fragment. PrV strains have shown to be genetically identical and they are strongly related to some representative strains in the relatively heterogeneous Clade A. The results clearly show that PrV is still circulating among the domestic pig population in Croatia. Furthermore, the presence of pseudorabies virus in wild boars underlines the importance of this species as a PrV reservoir. Continued surveillance is necessary to track the viral spread in order to achieve final eradication of the disease

Caries of Croatian Army Recruits

Predmet je istraživanja pojavnost karijesa u novaka Hrvatske vojske s obzirom na osobitosti pojedinih društvenih zajednica. U 190 novaka karijes je utvrđen upotrebom DMFT indeksa. Ispitanici su podijeljeni prema prebivalištu (gradsko, prigradsko, seosko) i prema dobi. Zdrave zube imalo je 5 (2,6%) ispitanika. Prosječna DMFT vrijednost iznosi 7,76 (DT:2,03; MT:1,49; FT:4,25). Postoji statistički znatna razlika između DT (p = 0,009) i FT (p < 0,001) vrijednosti ovisno o prebivalištu. Za seosku sredinu iznosile su DT:2,59 i FT:2,87, a za gradsku DT:1,52 i FT:5,48. Vrijednosti ispitanika prema dobi bile su DMFT (p = 0,008), DT (p < 0,001), MT (p = 0,022) i FT (p < 0,001). Istraživanje čestoće karijesa u novaka poticaj je daljnjim sustavnim istraživanjima u manjim društveno-ekonomskim skupinama te upozorava da je potrebno poboljšati preventivne mjere u dječjoj i adolescentnoj dobi.The object of this study is the occurrence of caries in Croatian Army recruits with regard to specific qualities of certain social communities. Caries was diagnosed in 190 recruits by means of DMFT index. Subjects were classified according to residence (urban, suburban, rural) and age. Healthy teeth were determined in 5 (2.6%) subjects. The average DMFT value was 7.76 (DT:2.03; MT:1.49; FT:4.25). Statistically significant difference was found between DT (p = 0.009) and FT (p < 0.001) values depending on residence. For rural environment the following values were established DT:2.59 and FT:2.87, and for urban environment DT:1.52 and FT:5.48. Subject values according to age were DMFT (p = 0.008), DT (p < 0.001), MT (p = 0.022) and FT (p < 0.001). The study of caries frequency in recruits is incentive for further systematic studies in smaller socio economic groups and reveals the necessity for improvement in preventive program both during childhood and adolescence

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study on Temporomandibular Joint Morphology

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has enabled the accomplishment of a more effective diagnostics of temporomandibular disorders (TMD). The sample included 40 patients with clinical symptoms of disc displacement (DD) of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and 25 subjects included in our study were asymptomatic. DD were diagnosed by clinical examinations which were subsequently confirmed by MRI. DD was found in 18% of the TMJs of the asymptomatic patients. The highest prevalence of total DD without reduction was found in 44.1% of the patients’ joints subsequently followed by total DD with reduction comprising 34.9% of the TMJs and by partial DD with reduction comprising 21% of the TMJs. This study may help us clarify the complicated relationship which exists between the radiographic and clinical findings of TMJ disorders

The Centenary Progress of Molecular Genetics. A 100th Anniversary of T. H. Morgan’s Discoveries

A century ago, Thomas Hunt Morgan, the American scientist, studied the cytogenetic changes of drosophila and came to cytogenetic explanation of Mendel’s basic laws of genetic heredity. These studies resulted in today’s Mendel-Morgan chromosomal theory of heredity. On the occasion of the hundredth anniversary of this important discovery the authors have decided to give a review of the most significant achievments in the field of molecular genetics until the completion of the Human Genome Project. The most important points concerning the technology of DNA recombination and genetic engineering are also presented. The final section discusses the significance of previous achievements of molecular genetics in biomedicine and other related fields. There is also a tabular presentation of the sequence of the most important findings in the field of molecular genetics through time

Radiological characteristics of osteoarthritis of temporomandibular joint without disc displacement

Background and Purpose: Radiological findings were compared between the patients with osteoarthritis (OA) of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and asymptomatic volunteers. Materials and Methods: OA was diagnosed in 16 patients (mean age 46.9, 69% women) with disc displacement. A second group consisted of 20 selected dental school students without any clinical signs or history of temporomandibular joint disorders. The inclusion criteria for patients comprised pain referred to the TMJ and/or crepitation. Magnetic resonance imaging was used in this study for all subjects. Results: There is no statistical difference between degenerative changes of the condyle of TMJs with and without clinical signs of OA (p>0.05). In 30% of osteoarthritic joints, flattening of condylar joint surfaces was observed and 58.3% of the joints were without clinical signs ofOA. Sclerosis of the condyle was found in 30% of the joints and osteophyte formation in 15% of joints withOA. Moderate shape loss and severe sclerosation of the articular eminence were observed in two students in TMJs bilaterally – there is no difference between patients’ TMJs with and without OA (p>0.05). Pronounced shape loss and severe sclerosation of the articular eminence were found in 10 (50%) joints with OA. Conclusions: Scleroses of the condyle and osteophyte formation were the most common imaging findings of TMJs with OA. However, in asymptomatic volunteers only minimal bone changes were considered normal

Clinical and Tribological View on Tooth Wear

U radu su opisane različite interpretacije trošenja zuba, njihove kliničke manifestacije te etiopatogenetski modeli nastanka. Tribološki mehanizmi objašnjavaju proces trošenja zubnih površina na ultrastrukturnoj razini, a klinički se klasificiraju kao atricija, abrazija, erozija i abfrakcija. Složena etiologija te sinergistički učinci različitih mehanizama trošenja, uz njihovo sinkrono duže djelovanje, uvjetuju da se teško klinički razlikuju pojedini procesi trošenja tvrdih zubnih tkiva. Za klinički je uspjeh važno pravodobno dijagnosticirati mehanizam koji je prouzročio gubitak zubnoga tkiva radi predvidivosti daljnjih zbivanja s obzirom na to koji su zahvati planirani tijekom oralne rehabilitacije.This paper is an overview on different interpretation of tooth wear, clinical appearance and etiopathogenic models. A process of tooth wear on the ultrastructural level of dental surfaces may be explained by tribological mechanisms, clinically classified as: attrition, abrasion, erosion and abfraction. There are some difficulties in clinical differentiation of certain processes of hard dental tissue wear due to multifactorial etiology and synergistic effects of different mechanisms of tooth wear together with synchronized action over a longer period of time. In order to predict further actions with regard to both existing and planned procedures used during the period of oral rehabilitation, it is important to detect the mechanism which caused the loss of dental tissue, which should ensure clinical success