Agroproductive Behavior of Four Onion Varieties (Allium cepa) in Suburban Arid Lands in Camalote, Camaguey, Cuba

Four onion varieties of onion (Allium cepa) were studied in order to evaluate their behavior in the edaphoclimatic conditions of Ignacio Agramonte CCS, Camalote Agricultural Company, municipality of Nuevitas, Camaguey, Cuba. A randomized block design with four treatments and three replicas was used on alluvial soil, between November 2013 and March 2014. For evaluation of the phenological behavior and the crop´s yield indicators, plant height, number of leaves, bulb diameter, bulb formation, and yields (t/ha), were evaluated. One-way variance analysis was made to the data collected. The Hybrid Yellow Granex had the best bulb formation (90%); Texas Early Granex 502 had the highest yield (17 t/ha)

Comportamiento agroproductivo de cuatro variedades de Cebolla (Allium cepa, L) en zonas áridas suburbanas de Camalote, Camagüey, Cuba

Con el propósito de evaluar el comportamiento de la cebolla (A. cepa) fueron estudiadas cuatro variedades con el propósito en las condiciones edafoclimáticas de la CCS Ignacio Agramonte, perteneciente a la Empresa Agropecuaria de Camalote, municipio de Nuevitas. Se utilizó un diseño de bloques al azar con cuatro tratamientos y tres réplicas sobre un suelo aluvial durante el periodo comprendido entre noviembre 2013 a marzo del 2014. Para la evaluación del comportamiento fenológico y los indicadores de rendimiento del cultivo se evaluaron la altura de la planta, número de hojas, diámetro del bulbo, cierre del bulbo y el rendimiento en t/ha para ello se utilizó un diseño de bloques al azar con cuatro tratamientos y tres réplicas. Los datos obtenidos fueron sometidos a un análisis de varianza de clasificación simple. La variedad Yellow Granex Híbrida presento el mejor cierre del bulbo (90%) y la variedad Texas Early Grano 502 el mejor rendimiento (17 t/ha)

Agroproductive Behavior of Four Onion Varieties (Allium cepa) in Suburban Arid Lands in Camalote, Camaguey, Cuba

Four onion varieties of onion (Allium cepa) were studied in order to evaluate their behavior in the edaphoclimatic conditions of Ignacio Agramonte CCS, Camalote Agricultural Company, municipality of Nuevitas, Camaguey, Cuba. A randomized block design with four treatments and three replicas was used on alluvial soil, between November 2013 and March 2014. For evaluation of the phenological behavior and the crop´s yield indicators, plant height, number of leaves, bulb diameter, bulb formation, and yields (t/ha), were evaluated. One-way variance analysis was made to the data collected. The Hybrid Yellow Granex had the best bulb formation (90%); Texas Early Granex 502 had the highest yield (17 t/ha)

Comportamiento agroproductivo de cuatro variedades de Cebolla (Allium cepa, L) en zonas áridas suburbanas de Camalote, Camagüey, Cuba

RESUMEN Con el propósito de evaluar el comportamiento de la cebolla (A. cepa) fueron estudiadas cuatro variedades con el propósito en las condiciones edafoclimáticas de la CCS Ignacio Agramonte, perteneciente a la Empresa Agropecuaria de Camalote, municipio de Nuevitas.  Se utilizó un diseño de bloques al azar con cuatro tratamientos y tres réplicas sobre un suelo aluvial durante el periodo comprendido entre noviembre 2013 a marzo del 2014. Para la evaluación  del comportamiento fenológico  y los indicadores de rendimiento del cultivo se evaluaron  la  altura de la planta, número de hojas, diámetro del bulbo,  cierre del bulbo  y el rendimiento en t/ha para ello se utilizó un  diseño de bloques al azar con cuatro tratamientos y tres réplicas. Los datos obtenidos fueron sometidos a un análisis de varianza de clasificación   simple. La  variedad Yellow Granex Híbrida presento el mejor  cierre del bulbo (90%) y  la variedad Texas Early  Grano 502 el mejor rendimiento (17 t/ha)  .ABSTRACT  Four onion varieties of onion (Allium cepa) were studied in order to evaluate its behavior in the edaphoclimatic conditions of Ignacio Agramonte CCS, Camalote Agricultural Company, municipality of Nuevitas. A randomized block design with four treatments and three replicas each, was used on alluvial soil, between November 2013 and March 2014. For evaluation of the phenological behavior and the crop´s yield indicators, plant height, leaf number, bulb diameter, bulb closure, and t/ha yields, were evaluated. Simple variance analysis was made to the data achieved. The Yellow Granex Hybrid underwent the best bulb closure (90%); and Texas Early Grain 502, the best yield (17 t/ha)

Análisis teórico- metodológico de la planificación territorial de la agricultura urbana

Objetivo: Analizar desde el punto de vista teórico-metodológico la contribución de la agricultura urbana a la sostenibilidad urbana y la soberanía alimentaria, a través del proceso de planificación territorial. Métodos: Se utilizó el análisis, la síntesis y la aplicación del análisis documental de investigaciones realizadas a nivel internacional sobre la temática investigada, así como el estudio de los planes y metodologías de planificación territorial de Cuba. Resultado: Se constató la importancia y relevancia de unir los debates agrarios y urbanos como necesidad de planificar la agricultura urbana para contribuir a la sostenibilidad urbana y soberanía alimentaria. Conclusiones: La planificación territorial de la agricultura urbana con enfoque agroecológico contribuye en gran medida a la sostenibilidad urbana y la soberanía alimentaria. Se evidenció insuficiente participación de la agricultura urbana en los instrumentos de planificación urbanística. El proceso de planificación territorial demanda indicadores de la agricultura urbana con énfasis en la sostenibilidad urbana y la soberanía alimentaria. El proceso de planificación territorial carece de enfoques metodológicos específicos, donde la agricultura urbana agroecológica sea el pilar fundamental para la sostenibilidad y soberanía alimentaria

The behavior of Three Rice Varieties against Steneotarsonemus spinki Smiley in Vertientes, Camagüey

Context: In Cuba, the proliferation and spread of rice acarid Steneotarsonemus spinki Smiley, is one of the main hindrances to rice productivity growth. Although integrated management is performed in the municipality of Vertientes, the acarid causes yield losses accounting for 15-20%. Aim: To determine the incidence of acarid S.spinki and the agro-productive behavior of rice varieties IA Cuba- 31, J-104, and Prosequisa -4. Methods: Two evaluations were made to determine the presence of the pest in the crop. Besides, farming and industrial parameters were measured. The data collected were analyzed through simple analysis of variance, using SPSS, version 11.5.1, for Windows. Results: The results show that variety Prosequisa 4 withstood the lowest incidence of the acarid, being the crop variety with the highest farming and industrial yields, followed by the IA Cuba 31. Conclusions: This study recommends the following varieties for inclusion in the varietal policy for large and small-scale rice growers: Prosequisa -4 and IA Cuba 31

Effect of Five Biostimulants on Sugar Cane Seedling Strengthening and Resistance to Transplantation

Context: The stress undergone by sugar cane during the seedling strengthening stage may be caused by various reasons, such as pest infestation, nutritional deficiencies, and mechanical damages due to manipulation that leads to the loss of genetic material. Objective: To evaluate the effect of five biostimulants on sugar cane seedling strengthening and resistance to transplantation. Methods: A completely randomized experimental design with six treatments (absolute control and samples with the application of azotobacter, phosphorine, improved natural liquid humus, and mineral-fortified liquid humus (BoCalZn)), and four repetitions, was used. The seedlings were placed on a 60-well tray filled with a mix of soil and filter cake. Seven foliar applications were made between days 7 and 56 following transplantation. Plant height and thickness, foliar area, root length, number of active roots, and fresh and dry weights were evaluated 50 days after. For evaluation of resistance to transplantation, the strengthened seedlings were placed in the field, and 45 days later, their survival percentage was determined. Results: The positive effects of the biostimulants applied were observed on the morphophysiological indicators. Conclusions: The application of biostimulants showed the positive effect on the morphophysiological indicators evaluated. The best transplantation resistance of the mineral-fortified liquid humus (BoCalZn) was observed in field conditions

Comportamiento de tres variedades de arroz ante Steneotarsonemus spinki Smiley en Vertientes, Camagüey

Context: In Cuba, the proliferation and dissemination of the Steneotarsonemus spinki Smiley rice mite is one of the main constraints to increasing cereal productivity. In the municipality of Vertientes, despite the integrated management carried out, the mite causes losses in yields (15 to 20%). Objective: To determine the incidence of the S.spinki mite and the agro-productive behavior of the recognized rice varieties IA Cuba-31, J-104 and Prosequisa-4. Methods: Two evaluations were performed to determine the presence of the pest in the crop. In addition, indicators of agricultural and industrial performance were evaluated. The data obtained were subjected to a simple variance analysis using the SPSS Version 11.5.1 program for Windows. Results: The results show that the Prosequisa 4 variety obtained the lowest incidence of the mite, being the variety with the highest agricultural and industrial yield; followed by AI Cuba 31. Conclusions: Varieties are proposed for the specialized sector and for small-scale producers: Prosequisa-4 and IA Cuba 31.Contexto: En Cuba la proliferación y diseminación del ácaro del arroz Steneotarsonemus spinki Smiley, constituye una de las principales limitantes al aumento de la productividad del cereal. En el municipio de Vertientes a pesar del manejo integrado que se lleva a cabo, el ácaro ocasiona pérdidas en los rendimientos (15 a 20 %). Objetivo: Determinar la incidencia del ácaro S.spinki y el comportamiento agro productivo de las  variedades de arroz reconocidas IA Cuba- 31, J-104 y Prosequisa -4. Métodos: Se realizaron   dos evaluaciones para determinar la presencia de la plaga en el cultivo. Además fueron evaluados indicadores del rendimiento agrícola e industrial. Los datos obtenidos fueron sometidos a un análisis de varianza simple empleando el programa SPSS Versión 11.5.1 para Windows. Resultados: Los resultados muestran que la variedad Prosequisa 4 obtuvo la menor incidencia del ácaro, siendo la variedad con  mayor rendimiento agrícola e industrial; seguido de la  IA Cuba 31. Conclusiones: Se propone para la política varietal del sector especializado y para productores a pequeña escala las variedades:  Prosequisa -4 y IA Cuba 31

Effect of Five Biostimulants on Sugar Cane Seedling Strengthening and Resistance to Transplantation

Context: The stress undergone by sugar cane during the seedling strengthening stage may be caused by various reasons, such as pest infestation, nutritional deficiencies, and mechanical damages due to manipulation that leads to the loss of genetic material. Objective: To evaluate the effect of five biostimulants on sugar cane seedling strengthening and resistance to transplantation. Methods: A completely randomized experimental design with six treatments (absolute control and samples with the application of azotobacter, phosphorine, improved natural liquid humus, and mineral-fortified liquid humus (BoCalZn)), and four repetitions, was used. The seedlings were placed on a 60-well tray filled with a mix of soil and filter cake. Seven foliar applications were made between days 7 and 56 following transplantation. Plant height and thickness, foliar area, root length, number of active roots, and fresh and dry weights were evaluated 50 days after. For evaluation of resistance to transplantation, the strengthened seedlings were placed in the field, and 45 days later, their survival percentage was determined. Results: The positive effects of the biostimulants applied were observed on the morphophysiological indicators. Conclusions: The application of biostimulants showed the positive effect on the morphophysiological indicators evaluated. The best transplantation resistance of the mineral-fortified liquid humus (BoCalZn) was observed in field conditions

Growth Dynamic of Sugarcane Cultivars C97-366 and C99-374 for Forage Production

Context: Plant growth analysis is a valuable tool to detect biomass formation and accumulation. The determination of growth indexes enables plants to adapt to different edaphoclimatic conditions, and to select the most promising responses among them. Aim: To characterize the growth dynamic of sugarcane cultivars C97-366 and C99-374, with forage purposes. Methods: A randomized experimental block design with three replicas was used. The following growth indicators were evaluated: foliage surface, foliage surface index, crop growth rate, and net monthly assimilation rate, at 181 days (February) and 342 days (July), after planting. Correlation analyses were made to determine the best model fit for every indicator evaluated in the two cultivars, as well as the analysis of variance of regressions. Results: Cultivar C97-366 was fit to a linear model for the foliage surface index, crop growth rate, and net assimilation rate; the foliage surface was fit to a polynomial model. Cultivar C99-374 was fit to a polynomial model for the foliage surface index, crop growth rate, and net assimilation rate; the foliage surface index was fit to a linear model. Conclusions: Cultivars C97-366 and C99-374 showed genetic and morphological characteristics that lead to efficient physiological processes that determine proper biomass production