Analysis of the Impact of Geometry Modifications on the Fit of Splined Shaft Connections Manufactured Using Selected AM Methods

Broadly, understood additive manufacturing techniques expand the spectrum of production of machine parts that are used in various types of devices. However, the requirements to ensure dimensional and shape accuracy require the determination of appropriate material allowances or clearances to enable correct assembly. For the above reasons, the study presents an analysis of the impact of the assumed geometry modifications on the possibility of assembling a splined connection manufactured using selected AM techniques. The work focused on the analysis of changes in geometry resulting from the technology used. Using the Atos II Triple Scan optical measurement system and Gom Inspect software, the possibility of installation was determined for four variants of the splined shaft connection geometry, resulting from the technologies used

Leczenie trombolityczne udaru mózgu poza europejską rejestracją dla alteplazy w Polsce

Background and purpose The European licence for alteplase excludes from thrombolysis large groups of acute stroke patients. The Polish licence was revised in 2010, but until then many patients could receive the treatment only off-label. Our aim was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of intravenous alteplase in Polish patients not fully adhering to the original European drug licence compared to patients treated strictly on-label. Material and methods We analysed all patient data contributed to the Safe Implementation of Thrombolysis in Stroke registry from Polish centres between October 2003 and July 2009. Results Off-label thrombolysis was administered in 224/946 (23.7%) patients. The most frequent deviations were: use of intravenous antihypertensives (8.2%), age > 80 years (5.4%), time-to-treatment > 3 hours (4.5%), oral anticoagulation (4.2%), previous stroke with concomitant diabetes (2.1%), and previous stroke ≤ 3 months (1.5%). We found no differences in the ratio of symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage (sICH) according to SITS, ECASS and NINDS definitions. Adjusted odds for 3-month mortality were similar (OR 0.86, 95% CI: 0.51-2.41), excluding patients with previous stroke ≤ 3 months (OR 3.48, 95% CI: 0.96-12.7). Adjusted odds for death or dependency were slightly increased (OR 1.40, 95% CI: 0.92-2.13), especially in patients aged > 80 years (OR 2.80, 95% CI: 1.11-7.05), and with previous stroke ≤ 3 months (OR 4.07, 95% CI: 0.97-17.1). Conclusions Polish stroke patients receiving off-label thrombolysis tended to achieve a less favourable outcome, but they were not at increased risk of sICH or death. Considering the current Polish license for alteplase, it may be reasonable to additionally stratify the risk in patients aged > 80 years or with previous stroke ≤ 3 months.Wstęp i cel pracy Dostępność leczenia trombolitycznego w udarze niedokrwiennym mózgu jest ograniczona przez liczne przeciwwskazania zapisane w europejskiej rejestracji alteplazy. Polska charakterystyka produktu została uaktualniona w 2010 r., co znacząco rozszerzyło możliwości oficjalnego stosowania trombolizy. Celem badania była ocena bezpieczeñstwa i skuteczności alteplazy podawanej dożylnie w udarze mózgu poza oficjalnymi wskazaniami lub przeciwwskazaniami w porównaniu z leczeniem w pełnej zgodności z europejską rejestracją. Materiał i metody Analizie poddano wszystkie przypadki leczenia trombolitycznego w Polsce zgłoszone do rejestru Safe Implementation of Thrombolysis in Stroke od października 2003 r. do lipca 2009 r. Wyniki Leczenie trombolityczne poza wskazaniami lub przeciwwskazaniami rejestracyjnymi przeprowadzono u 224/946 (23,7%) chorych. Najczęstszymi odstępstwami były: stosowanie dożylnych leków przeciwnadciśnieniowych (8,2%), wiek powyżej 80 lat (5,4%), czas od zachorowania do leczenia > 3 godz. (4,5%), stosowanie doustnych antykoagulantów (4,2%), przebyty udar ze współistniejącą cukrzycą (2,1%), przebyty udar ≤ 3 miesięcy (1,5%). U pacjentów leczonych poza wskazaniami lub przeciwwskazaniami nie wykazano zwiększonej częstości występowania objawowego krwawienia wewnątrzczaszkowego (sICH) wg definicji SITS, ECASS i NINDS. Ryzyko zgonu w ciągu 3 miesięcy było porównywalne (OR 0,86; 95% CI: 0,51-2,41), z wyłączeniem podgrupy z przebytym udarem ≤ 3 miesięcy (OR 3,48; 95% CI: 0,96-12,7). Ryzyko zgonu lub niesprawności było nieznacznie zwiększone (OR 1,40; 95% CI: 0,92-2,13), zwłaszcza u chorych powyżej 80. roku życia (OR 2,80; 95% CI: 1,117,05) i po przebytym udarze mózgu ≤ 3 miesięcy (OR 4,07; 95% CI: 0,97-17,1). Wnioski Polscy pacjenci otrzymujący leczenie trombolityczne w udarze mózgu poza wskazaniami lub przeciwwskazaniami zapisanymi w europejskiej charakterystyce alteplazy uzyskują mniej korzystny efekt leczenia. Natomiast ryzyko sICH i zgonu jest porównywalne. W kontekście aktualnie obowiązujących zapisów rejestracyjnych zasadne wydaje się zindywidualizowane kwalifikowanie do leczenia chorych powyżej 80. roku życia lub z wywiadem udaru ≤ 3 miesięcy

Research Concerning Electro magnetic Emissions from Residential On-grid PV Systems, Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology, 2021, nr 4

The paper presents the results of grid power quality tests and wide frequency electromagnetic radiation level tests to which home power networks with photovoltaic systems have been subjected. The said results are meaningful from the point of view of safety and compatibility of electrical devices and the power supply system they are connected to. The tests covered stability of phase voltage and its frequency, harmonic level flicker, as well as RF radiated and emission levels. The measurements performed provide an answer to the question concerning the level of compliance of randomly selected home-installed PV systems with applicable recommendations and regulations concerning electromagnetic compatibility. The ability to meet the applicable standards translates into the health and safety of building inhabitants, which is the ultimate goal. Legal regulations concerning electromagnetic compatibility of renewable energy sources are consistent throughout the entire European Unio

Real-world effectiveness of abobotulinumtoxinA (Dysport®) in adults with upper limb spasticity in routine clinical practice: an observational study

AbobotulinumtoxinA (aboBoNT-A, Dysport®) is used in clinical practice as a well-tolerated and effective therapy for muscle spasticity. AboBoNT-A has been shown to reduce upper and lower limb spastic paresis in clinical trials, demonstrating improvements in muscle tone and limb function. This open-label, multicentre, observational, non-interventional study was the first to investigate aboBoNT-A’s efficacy in adult patients with upper limb spasticity (ULS) in routine clinical practice in Poland. All enrolled patients received ≥1 aboBoNT-A injection cycles, per routine clinical practice (full analysis set, FAS), and ≥1 rehabilitation session. Patients attended a baseline visit (V1) and two follow-up visits (V2, V3) for retreatment, depending on the investigator’s assessment of individual patient needs, with a mean interval (SD) between injections of 4.4 (1.4) and 4.5 (1.2) months. The primary effectiveness endpoint was patient- and physician-based evaluation using the Clinical Global Impression-Improvement Scale (CGII), a validated 7-point scale (1 = very much improved to 7 = very much worse) relative to baseline. CGI-I has not previously been used as a primary endpoint in studies evaluating ULS. Secondary endpoints included muscle tone in shoulder, elbow, carpal joint, and finger muscles, measured by the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS), and muscle strength according to the Medical Research Council scale (MRC). Of 108 enrolled patients (FAS), 92 (85.2%) completed the study and 57 (52.8%) were included in the per protocol (PP) population. AboBoNT-A improved patient conditions in 96.4% and 98.6% at V2 and V3 (investigator assessment) and 92.8% and 98.6% (as reported by patient) of patients, respectively. Significant reductions in muscle tone from baseline were observed at both visits (p < 0.0001–0.0077) across muscle groups. Increased muscle strength by cumulative MRC was observed at V2 (p = 0.0566) and V3 (p = 0.0282) versus baseline. Safety was consistent with the known profile of aboBoNT-A. In conclusion, aboBoNT-A treatment is beneficial in patients with post-stroke ULS in routine clinical practice, assessed by patients and investigators

Mechanical thrombectomy in acute stroke – Five years of experience in Poland

Objectives Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is not reimbursed by the Polish public health system. We present a description of 5 years of experience with MT in acute stroke in Comprehensive Stroke Centers (CSCs) in Poland. Methods and results We retrospectively analyzed the results of a structured questionnaire from 23 out of 25 identified CSCs and 22 data sets that include 61 clinical, radiological and outcome measures. Results Most of the CSCs (74%) were founded at University Hospitals and most (65.2%) work round the clock. In 78.3% of them, the working teams are composed of neurologists and neuro-radiologists. All CSCs perform CT and angio-CT before MT. In total 586 patients were subjected to MT and data from 531 of them were analyzed. Mean time laps from stroke onset to groin puncture was 250±99min. 90.3% of the studied patients had MT within 6h from stroke onset; 59.3% of them were treated with IV rt-PA prior to MT; 15.1% had IA rt-PA during MT and 4.7% – emergent stenting of a large vessel. M1 of MCA was occluded in 47.8% of cases. The Solitaire device was used in 53% of cases. Successful recanalization (TICI2b–TICI3) was achieved in 64.6% of cases and 53.4% of patients did not experience hemorrhagic transformation. Clinical improvement on discharge was noticed in 53.7% of cases, futile recanalization – in 30.7%, mRS of 0–2 – in 31.4% and mRS of 6 in 22% of cases. Conclusion Our results can help harmonize standards for MT in Poland according to international guidelines

Analiza symulacyjna wieloobiektowej aukcji rosnącej. Wnioski dla planowanej aukcji częstotliwości LTE w Polsce

W drugiej połowie 2014 roku odbędzie się w Polsce procedura rezerwacji częstotliwości radiowych na potrzeby komercyjnych usług szybkiego Internetu (LTE). Z uwagi na ogromną wartość rynkową udostępnianych zasobów, po raz pierwszy w historii polskiego rynku telekomunikacyjnego, podział bloków wyłoniony będzie w drodze aukcji wieloobiektowej zorganizowanej przez Urząd Komunikacji Elektronicznej (UKE). Bazując na własnościach teoretycznych wybranego przez UKE mechanizmu aukcyjnego, zbudowaliśmy symulator aukcyjny, przy pomocy którego pokazujemy, jak może wyglądać przebieg aukcji 5 bloków częstotliwości w paśmie 800 Mhz oraz jakich przychodów można oczekiwać

Analiza symulacyjna wieloobiektowej aukcji rosnącej. Wnioski dla planowanej aukcji częstotliwości LTE w Polsce

W drugiej połowie 2014 roku odbędzie się w Polsce procedura rezerwacji częstotliwości radiowych na potrzeby komercyjnych usług szybkiego Internetu (LTE). Z uwagi na ogromną wartość rynkową udostępnianych zasobów, po raz pierwszy w historii polskiego rynku telekomunikacyjnego, podział bloków wyłoniony będzie w drodze aukcji wieloobiektowej zorganizowanej przez Urząd Komunikacji Elektronicznej (UKE). Bazując na własnościach teoretycznych wybranego przez UKE mechanizmu aukcyjnego, zbudowaliśmy symulator aukcyjny, przy pomocy którego pokazujemy, jak może wyglądać przebieg aukcji 5 bloków częstotliwości w paśmie 800 Mhz oraz jakich przychodów można oczekiwać

Opinion on the Draft Amendment of Directive on industrial emissions (integrated pollution prevention and control) and Directive on the landfill of waste (COM(2022) 156 final)

The subject of the proposal is an amendment to the Industrial Emissions Directive (so-called IED) as a core legal act regarding the prevention and control of pollution emitted by large industrial installations. The proposed amendments include, inter alia, the tightening of permissible emission limits, the introduction of additional substances and obligations covered by permits, and increased access to emission permit proceedings for third parties. The aim of the proposed solutions is to raise the level of environmental protection while stimulating innovation and ensuring a level playing field in the EU market

Evaluation of the government bill on specific solutions related to the organization of the sessions of the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in Republic of Poland (Sejm’s paper no. 2120)

The bill can be qualified to the category of the so-called special acts that are passed due to the need for an extraordinary regulation regarding a given situation or event. It was found that although the legitimacy of accepting the submitted bill cannot be questioned, and regulations of this type have already been introduced into the Polish legal system, it is postulated that in the future reaching for the instrument in the form of a separate act for the organization of one event should be an exception, and it should not become a standard practice. It was assessed that Article 22 of the bill may be considered incompatible with Article 57 of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland due to the restriction that violates the essence of the right to participate in the assemblies

Static Analysis of Selected Design Solutions for Weight-Reduced Gears

The paper presents an analysis of selected design solutions for spur gears with reduced weight, in which the results obtained are compared to a solid gear without modifications. The reduction of the weight of the gears is of particular importance, among others in the automotive and aviation industries, where it reduces energy consumption, and thus CO2 emissions. It is also important to remember to maintain the required strength parameters when reducing the mass of the gear. This article focuses on the analysis of deformation and stress due to a given load on the considered weight-reduced gears. The values of the obtained static analysis results of the reduced-weight gears were also compared to the base gear