Mutation Rate Model Used in the DNA VIEW Program

The first problem considered in this paper is the problem of correctness of a mutation model used in the DNA VIEW program. To this end, we theoretically predict population allele frequency changes in time according to this and similar models (we determine the limit frequencies of alleles—they are uniformly distributed). Furthermore, we evaluate the speed of the above changes using computer simulation applied to our DNA database. Comparing uniformly distributed allele frequencies with these existing in the population (for example, using entropy), we conclude that this mutation model is not correct. The evolution does not follow this direction (direction of uniformly distributed frequencies). The second problem relates to the determination of the extent to which an incorrect mutation model can disturb DNA VIEW program results. We show that in typical computations (simple paternity testing without maternal mutation) this influence is negligible, but in the case of maternal mutation, this should be taken into account. Furthermore, we show that this model is inconsistent from a theoretical viewpoint. Equivalent methods result in different error levels

The asymptotic behaviour of maxima of complete and incomplete samples from stationary sequences

Let {Xn,n>=1} be a strictly stationary sequence of random variables and Mn=max{X1,X2,...,Xn}. Assume that some random variables X1,X2,... can be observed and the sequence of random variables indicate which X1,X2,... are observed, thus . In paper (Mladenovic and Piterbarg, 2006 [3]), the limiting behaviour is investigated under the condition for some real p[set membership, variant](0,1). We generalize these results on the case, when for some random variable [lambda]Stationary sequences Weak dependency

The limiting behaviour of sums and maximums of iid random variables from the viewpoint of different observers

The limiting behaviour of observed and all random variables in the max limit schema was considered by Mladenovi´c and Piterbarg 2006 and Krajka 2011. Here those results are generalised in two directions:• we allow more than one observer and one superobserver;• we consider the max limit schema as well as the sum limit schema.The limiting behaviour of observed and all random variables in the max limit schema was considered by Mladenovi´c and Piterbarg 2006 and Krajka 2011. Here those results are generalised in two directions:• we allow more than one observer and one superobserver;• we consider the max limit schema as well as the sum limit schema

The Planning Process of Transport Tasks for Autonomous Vans—Case Study

Transport is an area that is developing at a tremendous pace. This development applies not only to electric and hybrid cars appearing more and more often on the road but also to those of an autonomous or semi-autonomous nature. This applies to both passenger cars and vans. In many different publications, you can find a description of a number of benefits of using automated guided vehicles (AGV) for logistics and technical tasks, e.g., in the workplace. An important aspect is the use of knowledge management and machine learning, i.e., artificial intelligence (AI), to design these types of processes. An important issue in the construction of autonomous vehicles is the IT connection of sensors receiving signals from the environment. These signals are data for deep learning algorithms. The data after IT processing enable the decision-making by AI systems, while the used machine learning algorithms and neural networks are also needed for video image analysis in order to identify and classify registered objects. The purpose of this article is to present and verify a mathematical model used to respond to vehicles’ demand for a transport service under set conditions. The optimal conditions of the system to perform the transport task were simulated, and the efficiency of this system and benefits of this choice were determined

The TT Genotype of the <i>KIAA1524 rs2278911</i> Polymorphism Is Associated with Poor Prognosis in Multiple Myeloma

Background: The KIAA1524 gene encodes an oncoprotein, CIP2A, which inhibits the phosphorylation of the Akt kinase B, stabilizes the c-Myc protein, and, through that, promotes cancerogenesis. An increase in CIP2A expression has been observed in numerous solid tumors and hematologic malignancies, including multiple myeloma (MM). The aim of our study was to evaluate the clinical impact of the functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of the KIAA1524 gene (rs2278911, 686C > T) in MM patients. Methods: The study group consisted of 128 patients with de novo MM. EDTA venous blood samples were collected prior to the treatment. The SNPs were analyzed by Real-Time PCR with the use of specific Taqman probes. Results: Multivariable analysis revealed that variables independently associated with shorter progression-free survival (PFS) included thrombocytopenia, delTP53 and IGH/CCND1 translocation and the TT genotype of the KIAA1524 gene (686C > T) (median PFS: 6 vs. 25 months; HR = 7.18). On the other hand, autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) was related to a lower risk of early disease progression. Moreover, light chain disease, International Staging System (ISS) 3, poor performance status, hypoalbuminemia, IGH/FGFR3 translocation and the TT genotype of the KIAA1524 gene (686C > T) were independent prognostic factors associated with shorter overall survival (OS) (median OS: 8 vs. 45 months; HR = 7.08). Conclusion: The evaluation of the SNP 686C > T of the KIAA1524 gene could be used as a diagnostic tool in MM patients at risk of early disease progression and death

The Food-Specific Serum IgG Reactivity in Major Depressive Disorder Patients, Irritable Bowel Syndrome Patients and Healthy Controls

There is an increasing amount of evidence which links the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) with food IgG hyperreactivity. Some authors have suggested that food IgG hyperreactivity could be also involved in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). The aim of this study was to compare levels of serum IgG against 39 selected food antigens between three groups of participants: patients with MDD (MDD group), patients with IBS (IBS group) and healthy controls (HC group). The study included 65 participants (22 in the MDD group, 22 in the IBS group and 21 in the HC group). Serum IgG levels were examined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Medical records, clinical data and laboratory results were collected for the analysis. IgG food hyperreactivity (interpreted as an average of levels of IgG antibodies above 7.5 &micro;g/mL) was detected in 28 (43%) participants, including 14 (64%) from the MDD group, ten (46%) from the IBS group and four (19%) from the HC group. We found differences between extreme IgG levels in MDD versus HC groups and in IBS versus HC groups. Patients with MDD had significantly higher serum levels of total IgG antibodies and IgG against celery, garlic and gluten compared with healthy controls. The MDD group also had higher serum IgG levels against gluten compared with the IBS group. Our results suggest dissimilarity in immune responses against food proteins between the examined groups, with the highest immunoreactivity in the MDD group. Further studies are needed to repeat and confirm these results in bigger cohorts and also examine clinical utility of IgG-based elimination diet in patients with MDD and IBS

Natural Compounds in Liposomal Nanoformulations of Potential Clinical Application in Glioblastoma

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant neoplasm in adults among all CNS gliomas, with the 5-year survival rate being as low as 5%. Among nanocarriers, liposomal nanoformulations are considered as a promising tool for precise drug delivery. The herein presented study demonstrates the possibility of encapsulating four selected natural compounds (curcumin, bisdemethoxycurcumin, acteoside, and orientin) and their mixtures in cationic liposomal nanoformulation composed of two lipid types (DOTAP:POPC). In order to determine the physicochemical properties of the new drug carriers, specific measurements, including particle size, Zeta Potential, and PDI index, were applied. In addition, NMR and EPR studies were carried out for a more in-depth characterization of nanoparticles. Within biological research, the prepared formulations were evaluated on T98G and U-138 MG glioblastoma cell lines in vitro, as well as on a non-cancerous human lung fibroblast cell line (MRC-5) using the MTT test to determine their potential as anticancer agents. The highest activity was exhibited by liposome-entrapped acteoside towards the T98G cell line with IC50 equal 2.9 &plusmn; 0.9 &micro;M after 24 hours of incubation. Noteworthy, curcumin and orientin mixture in liposomal formulation exhibited a synergistic effect against GBM. Moreover, the impact on the expression of apoptosis-associated proteins (p53 and Caspase-3) of acteoside as well as curcumin and orientin mixture, as the most potent agents, was assessed, showing nearly 40% increase as compared to control U-138 MG and T98G cells. It should be emphasized that a new and alternative method of extrusion of the studied liposomes was developed