845 research outputs found
Liouville SCFT in Four Dimensions
We construct a four supercharges Liouville superconformal field theory in
four dimensions. The Liouville superfield is chiral and its lowest component is
a log-correlated complex scalar whose real part carries a background charge.
The action consists of a supersymmetric Paneitz operator, a background
supersymmetric -curvature charge and an exponential potential. It
localizes semiclassically on solutions that describe curved superspaces with a
constant complex supersymmetric -curvature. The theory is
non-unitary with a continuous spectrum of scaling dimensions. We study the
dynamics on the supersymmetric 4-sphere, show that the classical background
charge is not corrected quantum mechanically and calculate the super-Weyl
anomaly. We derive an integral form for the correlation functions of vertex
operators.Comment: 24 pages; revise
Liouville Conformal Field Theories in Higher Dimensions
We consider a generalization of the two-dimensional Liouville conformal field
theory to any number of even dimensions. The theories consist of a
log-correlated scalar field with a background -curvature charge
and an exponential Liouville-type potential. The theories are non-unitary and
conformally invariant. They localize semiclassically on solutions that describe
manifolds with a constant negative -curvature. We show that
is independent of the -curvature charge and is the same as that of
a higher derivative scalar theory. We calculate the A-type Euler conformal
anomaly of these theories. We study the correlation functions, derive an
integral expression for them and calculate the three-point functions of light
primary operators. The result is a higher-dimensional generalization of the
two-dimensional DOZZ formula for the three-point function of such operators.Comment: 20 pages; Text modified, references added. Published versio
ELECTRICITY DEREGULATION: WHAT'S IN STORE FOR THE ENVIRONMENT?
We test the: degree to which electricity consumers will trade off price and environmental attributes, effectiveness of environmental certification, and effectiveness of voluntary versus mandatory environmental disclosure. The type and consistency of information, the degree of difference in environmental attributes and the individual's characteristics all impact the choice of electricity product.Environmental Economics and Policy,
Second-Harmonic Generation in Silicon Nitride Ring Resonators
The emerging field of silicon photonics seeks to unify the high bandwidth of
optical communications with CMOS microelectronic circuits. Many components have
been demonstrated for on-chip optical communications, including those that
utilize the nonlinear optical properties of silicon[1, 2], silicon dioxide[3,
4] and silicon nitride[5, 6]. Processes such as second harmonic generation,
which are enabled by the second-order susceptibility, have not been developed
since the bulk vanishes in these centrosymmetric CMOS materials.
Generating the lowest-order nonlinearity would open the window to a new array
of CMOS-compatible optical devices capable of nonlinear functionalities not
achievable with the? response such as electro-optic modulation, sum
frequency up-conversion, and difference frequency generation. Here we
demonstrate second harmonic (SH) generation in CMOS compatible integrated
silicon nitride (Si3N4) waveguides. The response is induced in the
centrosymmetric material by using the nanoscale structure to break the bulk
symmetry. We use a high quality factor Q ring resonator cavity to enhance the
efficiency of the nonlinear optical process and detect SH output with milliwatt
input powers.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Working Together: Integrating Computational Modeling Approaches to Investigate Complex Phenomena
Complex systems are made up of many entities, whose interactions emerge into distinct collective patterns. Computational modeling platforms can provide a powerful means to investigate emergent phenomena in complex systems. Some research has been carried out in recent years about promoting students' modeling practices, specifically using technologically advanced tools and approaches that allow students to create, manipulate, and test computational models. However, not much research had been carried out on the integration of several modeling approaches when investigating complex phenomena. In this paper, we describe the design principles used to develop a middle school unit about ants' collective behavior that integrates three modeling approaches: conceptual drawn models, agent-based models, and system dynamics models. We provide results from an initial implementation of an 8th grade curricular unit, indicating that students engaged with several aspects of the modeling practice. Students' conceptual knowledge about ant pheromone communication increased following learning the unit. We also found gains in students' metamodeling knowledge about models as tools for investigating phenomena. We discuss the affordances and challenges of engaging students with several modeling approaches in science classroom
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