New results of U–Pb SHRIMP dating of zircons from upper Wuchiapingian (Upper Permian) deposits in northeastern Russia

© 2017, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd. The first results are presented for U-Pb SHRIMP-II dating of zircons from the upper part of the Khivachian regional horizon (stage) of the Regional Stratigraphic Scale (RSS) of the Permian in northeastern Russia. The obtained isotope age of 255 ± 2 Ma is close to that of the present boundary between the Wuchiapingian and Changhsingian stages of the Permian system in the International Stratigraphic Scale (254.1 Ma). Based on the distribution of bivalves—Intomodesma spp. and Claraioides aff. primitivus (Yin)—in the sections considered, their relations to the stratigraphic positions of the samples considered and dated formerly, and in view of the interregional correlation of recent δ 13 С org data for clayey rocks, one may assume with certainty that most of the regional zone of Intomodesma costatum corresponds to the upper part of the Wuchiapingian stage. Here, the Changhsingian stage in northeastern Asia complies only with the uppermost part of this zone within the I. postevenicum subzone and, partially, of Otoceras layers within the Otoceras concavum zone

Comparative cytogenetics of anembryonic pregnancies and missed abortions in human

Miscarriage is an important problem in human reproduction, affecting 10–15 % of clinically recognized pregnancies. The cases of embryonic death can be divided into missed abortion (MA), for which the ultrasound sign of the embryo death is the absence of cardiac activity, and anembryonic pregnancy (AP) without an embryo in the gestational sac. The aim of this study was to compare the frequency of chromosomal abnormalities in extraembryonic tissues detected by conventional cytogenetic analysis of spontaneous abortions depending on the presence or absence of an embryo. This is a retrospective study of 1551 spontaneous abortions analyzed using GTG-banding from 1990 to 2022 (266 cases of AP and 1285 cases of MA). A comparative analysis of the frequency of chromosomal abnormalities and the distribution of karyotype frequencies depending on the presence of an embryo in the gestational sac was carried out. Statistical analysis was performed using a chi-square test with a p < 0.05 significance level. The total frequency of chromosomal abnormalities in the study was 53.6 % (832/1551). The proportion of abnormal karyotypes in the AP and MA groups did not differ significantly and amounted to 57.1 % (152/266) and 52.9 % (680/1285) for AP and MA, respectively (p = 0.209). Sex chromosome aneuploidies and triploidies were significantly less common in the AP group than in the MA group (2.3 % (6/266) vs 6.8 % (88/1285), p = 0.005 and 4.9 % (13/266) vs 8.9 % (114/1285), p = 0.031, respectively). Tetraploidies were registered more frequently in AP compared to MA (12.4 % (33/266) vs. 8.2 % (106/1285), p = 0.031). The sex ratio among abortions with a normal karyotype was 0.54 and 0.74 for AP and MA, respectively. Thus, although the frequencies of some types of chromosomal pathology differ between AP and MA, the total frequency of chromosomal abnormalities in AP is not increased compared to MA, which indicates the need to search for the causes of AP at other levels of the genome organization, including microstructural chromosomal rearrangements, monogenic mutations, imprinting disorders, and epigenetic abnormalities

Vaccination and Mortality of Patients with a Novel Coronavirus Infection (COVID-19): A Global Approach

Aim. The aim is to study the correlation between the vaccination rate (VR) and mortality rate of patients with COVID-19 (MpCOV).Methods. The countries with gross domestic product per capita corrected for purchasing power parity (GDP PPP) over $-10,000 were selected for an ecologic study. The city-states and countries with a population of 1,000,000 were excluded. The number of patients who died from COVID-19 within a week was divided by the number of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 within a week 20 days earlier to calculate MpCOV.Results. We included 85 countries. VR (r = –0.604; p < 0.001) and GDPpcPPP level (p = 0.202), is an independent determinant of MpCOV. There was no significant difference in MpCOV between groups of countries with VR < 20 % and 20–39 % (1.96 [1.21; 4.67] vs. 1.96 [1.01; 3.36] %; p = 0.464). MpCOV was higher in countries where VR were lower when groups of countries with VR of 20–39 %, 40–59 %, 60–79 %, and ≥80 % were compared (1.96 [1.01; 3.36] vs. 1.11 [0.76; 1.64] vs. 0.50 [0.39; 1.00] vs. 0.16 [0.10; 0.21]; p = 0.003; p = 0.020, and p = 0.008).Conclusions. An increase in VR correlates with a decrease in MpCOV

Epidemiological Situation on Tick-Borne Viral Encephalitis in the Russian Federation in 2011–2021 and Short-Term Forecast of its Development

The aim of the work was to analyze the epidemiological situation on tick-borne viral encephalitis in the endemic territories of the Russian Federation in 2021 in comparison with the dynamics over 2011–2020 and its shortterm forecast for 2022. In Russia, 48 constituent entities belonging to seven federal districts are endemic for tick-borne viral encephalitis (TBVE). There is a statistically significant downward trend in the incidence of TBVE in the Siberian Federal District (which is characterized by the maximum incidence rate in the country), the Volga and Far Eastern Federal Districts. In the Ural Federal District (the second in terms of TBVE incidence), the decline in the incidence has stalled since 2021. The average long-term incidence of TBVE in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation varies from sporadic (Republic of Crimea)  up to 12.5 per 100 thousand of the population (0/0000) (Krasnoyarsk Territory). In 2021, TBVE cases were detected in 42 endemic regions and in one non-endemic region – Stavropol Territory. At the same time, 1015 cases of TBVE were in the country (0.69 0/0000). In all Federal Districts, the incidence of TBVE is below the long-term average values. Using the Quantum GIS program, the incidence of TBVE in 917 administrative territories of the country has been ranked and grouped according to the level of epidemiological risk. This made it possible to establish that 65 % of the territories form a zone of low epidemiological risk. High and very high epidemiological risk is observed in 13% of the analyzed districts. The structure of TBVE clinical manifestations in 2021 was dominated by febrile (59.7 %) and meningeal (24.3 %) forms. 14 lethal outcomes were reported. In 2021, 2 889 515 people were vaccinated (including 1 433 850 children), of which 14 fell ill. Specific immunoglobulin was used to prevent the overt development of infection in 100 704 individuals, which accounts for 22.6 % of the persons affected by tick bites (30.6 % among children). Acaricidic treatments were carried out on an operational area of 233 125 hectares of territories of socially significant objects. The scope of all TBVE prevention measures in 2021 increased as compared to 2020. In 2022, a decline in the incidence of TBVE in endemic Federal Districts and in the country on the whole is forecasted to (0,64±0,192) 0/0000

АНОМАЛЬНОЕ ОТХОЖДЕНИИ КОРОНАРНЫХ АРТЕРИЙ СЕРДЦА ОТ ЛЕГОЧНЫХ АРТЕРИЙ - СИНДРОМ БЛАНДА-УАЙТА-ГАРЛЕНДА

The paper studies the notion of clinical observation of quite rare сongenital malformation of the heart — anomalous origin of the left coronal artery from a pulmonary barrel. In the article we tried to highlight the features of algorithm execution of radiological methods of diagnostics concerning this little-known pathology, in view of its large clinical interest.Представлено несколько клинико-диагностических наблюдений достаточно редкого врожденного порока сердца — аномального отхождения коронарных артерии от легочных артерий. Мы постарались уделить внимание лучевым методам диагностики этой патологии, так как это представляет большой клинический интерес

Expression of the NUP153 and YWHAB genes from their canonical promoters and alternative promoters of the LINE-1 retrotransposon in the placenta of the first trimester of pregnancy

The placenta has a unique hypomethylated genome. Due to this feature of the placenta, there is a potential possibility of using regulatory elements derived from retroviruses and retrotransposons, which are suppressed by DNA methylation in the adult body. In addition, there is an abnormal increase in the level of methylation of the LINE-1 retrotransposon in the chorionic trophoblast in spontaneous abortions with both normal karyotype and aneuploidy on different chromosomes, which may be associated with impaired gene transcription using LINE-1 regulatory elements. To date, 988 genes that can be expressed from alternative LINE-1 promoters have been identified. Using the STRING tool, genes (NUP153 and YWHAB) were selected, the products of which have significant functional relationships with proteins highly expressed in the placenta and involved in trophoblast differentiation. This study aimed to analyze the expression of the NUP153 and YWHAB genes, highly active in the placenta, from canonical and alternative LINE-1 promoters in the germinal part of the placenta of spontaneous and induced abortions. Gene expression analysis was performed using real-time PCR in chorionic villi and extraembryonic mesoderm of induced abortions (n = 10), adult lymphocytes (n = 10), spontaneous abortions with normal karyotype (n = 10), and with the most frequent aneuploidies in the first trimester of pregnancy (trisomy 16 (n = 8) and monosomy X (n = 6)). The LINE-1 methylation index was assessed in the chorionic villi of spontaneous abortions using targeted bisulfite massive parallel sequencing. The level of expression of both genes from canonical promoters was higher in blood lymphocytes than in placental tissues (p < 0.05). However, the expression level of the NUP153 gene from the alternative LINE-1 promoter was 17 times higher in chorionic villi and 23 times higher in extraembryonic mesoderm than in lymphocytes (p < 0.05). The expression level of NUP153 and YWHAB from canonical promoters was higher in the group of spontaneous abortions with monosomy X compared to all other groups (p < 0.05). The LINE-1 methylation index negatively correlated with the level of gene expression from both canonical (NUP153 – R = –0.59, YWHAB – R = –0.52, p < 0.05) and alternative LINE-1 promoters (NUP153 – R = –0.46, YWHAB – R = –0.66, p < 0.05). Thus, the observed increase in the LINE-1 methylation index in the placenta of spontaneous abortions is associated with the level of expression of the NUP153 and YWHAB genes not only from alternative but also from canonical promoters, which can subsequently lead to negative consequences for normal embryogenesis

Six pelagic seabird species of the North Atlantic engage in a fly-and-forage strategy during their migratory movements

Funding Information: We thank all the fieldworkers for their hard work collecting data. Funding for this study was provided by the Norwegian Ministry for Climate and the Environment, the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Norwegian Oil and Gas Association along with 8 oil companies through the SEATRACK project (www. seapop. no/ en/ seatrack). Fieldwork in Norwegian colonies (incl. Svalbard and Jan Mayen) was supported by the SEAPOP program (www.seapop.no, grant no. 192141). The French Polar Institute (IPEV project 330 to O.C.) supported field operation for Kongsfjord kittiwakes. The work on the Isle of May was also supported by the Natural Environment Research Council (Award NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCaPE programme delivering National Capability). We thank Maria Bogdanova for field support and data processing. Finally, we thank 3 anonymous reviewers for their help improving the first version of the manuscript.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Evolution of chronic heart failure syndrome in a patient with myocardial infarction and complex rhythm disturbances

Abstract: today the problem of chronic heart failure as a complication of myocardial infarction and other cardiovascular diseases continues to be relevant, due to the increase in the prevalence of heart failure, especially the severe stage of heart disease and the main causes of deaths of this cohort of patients. The article presents a clinical case of chronic heart failure syndrome with complex rhythm disturbances in the patient against the background of the transferred transmural myocardial infarction and hypertension. The authors demonstrated that after a thorough assessment of the risk and benefit of various treatment methods, the therapeutic and surgical tactics of management of the patient in this clinical situation were correctly chosen, which allowed not only to prolong life, but also to improve the quality of life of the patient. Thus, in this clinical case, we show the importance of personalized therapy in the progression of chronic heart failure syndrome in patients with combined cardiovascular disease.На сегодняшний день проблема хронической сердечной недостаточности, как осложнение инфаркта миокарда и другой сердечно-сосудистой патологии продолжает оставаться актуальной, связно это с увеличением распространенности сердечной недостаточности, особенно тяжелой стадии поражения сердца и основными причинами летальных исходов данной когорты пациентов. В статье представлен клинический случай синдрома хронической сердечной недостаточности со сложными нарушениями ритма у пациента на фоне перенесенного трансмурального инфаркта миокарда и гипертонической болезни. Авторами продемонстрировано, как после тщательной оценки риска и пользы различных методов лечения была правильно подобрана терапевтическая и хирургическая тактика ведения больного в данной клинической ситуации, что позволило не только продлить жизнь, но и улучшить качество жизни пациента. Таким образом, данным клиническим случаем мы показываем важность персонифицированной терапии при прогрессировании синдрома хронической сердечной недостаточности у пациентов с сочетанной сердечно-сосудистой патологией