17 research outputs found
Effective and highly recyclable ceramic membrane based on amorphous nanosilica for dye removal from t
In this study, an adsorptive ceramic membrane was prepared by a simple dry pressing of a mixture of nanosilica produced from low cost rice husk by hydrothermal technique at sub-critical water conditions, calcium phosphate, and ammonium acetate together and then calcined at 600Β Β°C in air. Optimization of the raw materials ratio was found to be necessary to avoid crack formation during sintering process. The membrane microstructure, dye removal efficiency and the permeation flux of the membranes were investigated. The membrane was tested to remove the methylene blue from aqueous solution. Results show that the removal of the dye increases as the silica content increases in the all given membranes and it decreases with an increase in the ammonium acetate. Moreover, the water flux decreases with an increase in the silica content. The methylene blue adsorbed onto the silica membrane can be removed by calcination and the membrane could be recycled several times without any obvious loss in the adsorption performance. In conclusion, this study demonstrates a convenient strategy to prepare an effective adsorptive membrane, which can be applied as a highly recyclable membrane for the adsorption of organic maters
Geological and Tectonic Setting of Andesitic Rock in Central Eastern Desert, Egypt
Objective. e current study aims to detect the geologic features, geochemical characteristics and tectonic setting of the investigated rock using eld observations and geochemical analyses. Research methods. is work contains both eld work (Collection samples and drawing of a new geological map) and laboratory work (preparation of thin sections for petrographic studies by polarizing microscope), X-ray Fluorescence analysis (XRF) in Institute of Biology, Southern Federal University and Mass-Spectrometer with Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICPMS) at the central Laboratory of Russian Geological Institute. Result. Investigated andesitic rock belongs to Dokhan volcanic that located in the Central Eastern Desert of Egypt a long Qena-Safaga Road. It is considered as one of the most important shear zones in Eastern Desert that includes distinctive rocks and economic mineral deposits. e investigated rock belongs to late to post tectonic magmatism of the East African Orogeny (EAO). Petrographically: Dokhan volcanic is represented by andesite according to petrographical studies. It consists of plagioclase, quartz, in addition to ma c minerals. Geochemically, the investigated andesite samples plotted in calk-alkaline nature. Conclusion. Tectonically, andesite samples fall in arc lava and continental elds. ey are enriched in Ba, Sr, Rb, K, Nb and Ce with marked depletion in the most HFSEs like those of island arc calc-alkaline series.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ. ΠΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π½Π° Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π³Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ, Π³Π΅ΠΎΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΡ
Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ Π³Π΅ΠΎΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π² ΡΠ΅Π±Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΠ΅ (ΡΠ±ΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π³Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡ), ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ (ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ°), Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ½ΡΡ Π°Π±ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΡ, ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ»ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· (XRF) ΠΠ΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π½Π΄Π΅Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡ-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠΎΠΉ (ICP-MS) Π² Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΠ΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ° Π ΠΠ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ Π°Π½Π΄Π΅Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΊ Π²ΡΠ»ΠΊΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΠΎΡ
Π°Π½, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π² Π¦Π΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΡΡΡΠ½Π΅ ΠΠ³ΠΈΠΏΡΠ°, ΠΏΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ³Π΅ ΠΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ-Π‘Π°ΡΠ°Π³Π°. ΠΠ½ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΈΡ
Π·ΠΎΠ½ ΡΠ΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π° Π² ΠΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΡΡΡΠ½Π΅, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π² ΡΠ΅Π±Ρ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΌΠ°Π³ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ Π²ΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ (EAO). ΠΡΠ»ΠΊΠ°Π½ ΠΠΎΡ
Π°Π½ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π°Π½Π΄Π΅Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ. ΠΠ½ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠ»Π°Π³ΠΈΠΎΠΊΠ»Π°Π·Π°, ΠΊΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ° Π² Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°Π»Π°ΠΌ. ΠΠ΅ΠΎΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡ Π°Π½Π΄Π΅Π·ΠΈΡΠ° ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎ-ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π’Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ, Π°Π½Π΄Π΅Π·ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ°Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π±Π°Π·Π°Π»ΡΡΠΎΠ². ΠΠ½ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Ba, Sr, Rb, K2 O ΠΈ Zr Ρ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Π΅Π΄Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ²Π° HFSE, ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎ-ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΆΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ
The Emergent "System" of Global Environmental Governance
A de facto "system" of global environmental governance already exists. The de facto system of global environmental governance is neither neat nor simple; it works in a rather messy, non-linear, non-hierarchical, and intertwined fashion. However it is a system that has proved to be resilient as well as prolific. This paper argues that although there is no real reason to make the system less messy, it can be made more effective by taking a number of steps that would (a) support the positive trends already apparent in the emergent system (b) strengthen the system as it evolves, and (c) articulate a clear vision for the eventual system that we wish to move towards. Copyright (c) 2004 Massachusetts Institute of Technology.