Paraziti crevnog trakta deverike abramis brama (linnaeus, 1758) Dunava u beogradskom delu toka

Izučavanje parazitofaune riba prirodnih voda od izuzetnog je značaja, ne samo u naučnom pogledu, već i za njihov uspešan intenzivan način gajenja u akvakulturi. U radu su predstavljeni rezultati istraživanja crevnih parazitskih vrsta deverike Abramis brama L. 1758. Primerci riba su sakupljeni tokom perida 2007–2009 na dva lokaliteta uzorkovanja duž toka reke Dunav koji protiče kroz beogradski region. Ukupno je pregledano 177 jedinki deverike različite starosti (2+ to 6+). Prtisustvo crevnih parazitskih vrsta identifikovano je kod 97 pregledanih primeraka deverike, sa intenzitetom infekcije u rasponu 1–165, predstavljajući 54.80% od ukupnog broja sakupljenih i pregledanih primeraka riba. U inficiranim jedinkama deverike utvrđeno je prisustvo 27 taksona endoparazita (helminta) iz četiri klase: jedanaest vrsta pantljičara (Cestoda), pet vrsta i jedan takson metilja (Trematoda), dve vrste klase Nematoda i osam vrsta Acanthocephala. Sprovedena istraživanja su pokazala da je inficiranost deverike Dunava u beogradskom regionu značajna, s obzirom na brojnost i raznovrsnost identifikovanih crevnih parazita. Buduća istraživanja su neophodna da bi se utvrdila uloga crevnih parazita u regulisanju brojnosti populacija deverike Dunava

Preemptive analgesic effect of intrathecal applications of neuroactive steroids in a rodent model of post-surgical pain: Evidence for the role of T-type calcium channels

Preemptive management of post-incisional pain remains challenging. Here, we examined the role of preemptive use of neuroactive steroids with activity on low-voltage activated T-type C

Further evidence that inhibition of neuronal voltage-gated calcium channels contributes to the hypnotic effect of neurosteroid analogue, 3β-OH

We recently reported that a neurosteroid analogue with T-channel-blocking properties (3β,5β,17β)-3-hydroxyandrostane-17-carbonitrile (3β-OH), induced hypnosis in rat pups without triggering neuronal apoptosis. Furthermore, we found that the inhibition of the C

Differential effects of the novel neurosteroid hypnotic (3β,5β,17β)-3-hydroxyandrostane-17-carbonitrile on electroencephalogram activity in male and female rats

BACKGROUND: We recently showed that a neurosteroid analogue, (3β,5β,17β)-3-hydroxyandrostane-17-carbonitrile (3β-OH), induced hypnosis in rats. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the hypnotic and anaesthetic potential of 3β-OH further using electroencephalography. METHODS: We used behavioural assessment and cortical electroencephalogram (EEG) spectral power analysis to examine hypnotic and anaesthetic effects of 3β-OH (30 and 60 mg kg RESULTS: We found dose-dependent sex differences in 3β-OH-induced hypnosis and EEG changes. Both male and female rats responded similarly to i.p. 3β-OH 30 mg kg CONCLUSIONS: Based on its behavioural effects and EEG signature, 3β-OH is a potent hypnotic in rats, with female rats being more sensitive than male rats

Neurosteroids in Pain Management: A New Perspective on an Old Player

Since the discovery of the nervous system’s ability to produce steroid hormones, numerous studies have demonstrated their importance in modulating neuronal excitability. These central effects are mostly mediated through different ligand-gated receptor systems such as GABAA and NMDA, as well as voltage-dependent Ca2+ or K+ channels. Because these targets are also implicated in transmission of sensory information, it is not surprising that numerous studies have shown the analgesic properties of neurosteroids in various pain models. Physiological (nociceptive) pain has protective value for an organism by promoting survival in life-threatening conditions. However, more prolonged pain that results from dysfunction of nerves (neuropathic pain), and persists even after tissue injury has resolved, is one of the main reasons that patients seek medical attention. This review will focus mostly on the analgesic perspective of neurosteroids and their synthetic 5α and 5β analogs in nociceptive and neuropathic pain conditions

Sex-specific hypnotic effects of the neuroactive steroid (3β,5β,17β)-3-hydroxyandrostane-17-carbonitrile are mediated by peripheral metabolism into an active hypnotic steroid

BACKGROUND: The novel synthetic neuroactive steroid (3β,5β,17β)-3-hydroxyandrostane-17-carbonitrile (3β-OH) blocks T-type calcium channels but does not directly modulate neuronal γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABA METHODS: We used a combination of behavioural loss of righting reflex, neuroendocrine, pharmacokinetic, in vitro patch-clamp electrophysiology, and in vivo electrophysiological approaches in wild-type mice and in genetic knockouts of the Ca RESULTS: Adult male mice were less sensitive to the hypnotic effects of 3β-OH compared with female mice, and these differences appeared during development. Adult males had higher 3β-OH brain concentrations despite being less sensitive to its hypnotic effects. Females metabolised 3β-OH into the active GABA CONCLUSIONS: The sex-specific differences in the hypnotic effect of 3β-OH in mice are attributable to differences in its peripheral metabolism into the more potent hypnotic metabolite 3α-OH

The T-type calcium channel isoform Ca v 3.1 is a target for the hypnotic effect of the anaesthetic neurosteroid (3β,5β,17β)-3-hydroxyandrostane-17-carbonitrile

BACKGROUND: The mechanisms underlying the role of T-type calcium channels (T-channels) in thalamocortical excitability and oscillations in vivo during neurosteroid-induced hypnosis are largely unknown. METHODS: We used patch-clamp electrophysiological recordings from acute brain slices ex vivo, recordings of local field potentials (LFPs) from the central medial thalamic nucleus in vivo, and wild-type (WT) and Ca RESULTS: Patch-clamp recordings showed that 3β-OH inhibited isolated T-currents but had no effect on phasic or tonic γ-aminobutyric acid A currents. Also in acute brain slices, 3β-OH inhibited the spike firing mode more profoundly in WT than in Ca CONCLUSIONS: The C