Diffusion-weighted MRI, (11)C-choline PET and (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET for predicting the Gleason score in prostate carcinoma

Objectives To evaluate the accuracy of transrectal ultrasoundguided (TRUS) biopsy, diffusion-weighted (DW) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ¹¹C-choline (CHOL) positron emission tomography (PET), and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET in predicting the prostatectomy Gleason risk (GR). Methods The study included 21 patients who underwent TRUS biopsy and multi-technique imaging before radical prostatectomy. Values from five different tests (TRUS biopsy, DW MRI, CHOL PET, FDG PET, and combined DW MRI/ CHOL PET) were correlated with the prostatectomy GR using Spearman’s ρ. Tests that were found to have significant correlations were used to classify patients into GR groups. Results The following tests had significant correlations with prostatectomy GR: TRUS biopsy (ρ=0.617, P =0.003), DW MRI (ρ=–0.601, P =0.004), and combined DW MRI/CHOL PET (ρ=–0.623, P =0.003). CHOL PET alone and FDG PET only had weak correlations. The correct GR classification rates were 67 % with TRUS biopsy, 67 % with DW MRI, and 76 % with combined DW MRI/CHOL PET. Conclusions DW MRI and combined DW MRI/CHOL PET have significant correlations and high rates of correct classification of the prostatectomy GR, the strength and accuracy of which are comparable with TRUS biopsy. Key Points • Accurate determination of the Gleason score is essential for prostate cancer management. • DW MRI ± CHOL PET correlated significantly with prostatectomy Gleason score. • These correlations are similar to that between TRUS biopsy and prostatectomyJoe H. Chang, Daryl Lim Joon, Sze Ting Lee, Chee-Yan Hiew, Stephen Esler, Sylvia J. Gong, Morikatsu Wada, David Clouston, Richard O, Sullivan, Yin P. Goh, Henri Tochon-Danguy, J. Gordon Chan, Damien Bolton, Andrew M. Scott, Vincent Khoo, Ian D. Davi

Evaluation of hypoxia in an experimental rat tumour model by [18F]Fluoromisonidazole PET and immunohistochemistry

This study aimed to evaluate tumour hypoxia by comparing [(18)F]Fluoromisonidazole uptake measured using positron emission tomography ([(18)F]FMISO-PET) with immunohistochemical (IHC) staining techniques. Syngeneic rhabdomyosarcoma (R1) tumour pieces were transplanted subcutaneously in the flanks of WAG/Rij rats. Tumours were analysed at volumes between 0.9 and 7.3 cm(3). Hypoxic volumes were defined using a 3D region of interest on 2 h postinjection [(18)F]FMISO-PET images, applying different thresholds (1.2-3.0). Monoclonal antibodies to pimonidazole (PIMO) and carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX), exogenous and endogenous markers of hypoxia, respectively, were used for IHC staining. Marker-positive fractions were microscopically measured for each tumour, and hypoxic volumes were calculated. A heterogeneous distribution of hypoxia was observed both with histology and [(18)F]FMISO autoradiography. A statistically significant correlation (P<0.05) was obtained between the hypoxic volumes defined with [(18)F]FMISO-PET and the volumes derived from the PIMO-stained tumour sections (r=0.9066; P=0.0001), regardless of the selected threshold between 1.4 and 2.2. A similar observation was made with the CA IX staining (r=0.8636; P=0.0006). The relationship found between [(18)F]FMISO-PET and PIMO- and additionally CA IX-derived hypoxic volumes in rat rhabdomyosarcomas indicates the value of the noninvasive imaging method to measure hypoxia in whole tumours.Journal ArticleSCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

ÉTUDE CHEZ LE RAT D'UNE CALCINOSE CUTANÉE INDUITE PAR CALCIPHYLAXIE LOCALE. II. — ASPECTS BIOPHYSIQUES DE LA SUBSTANCE MINÉRALE

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Rhenium and technetium tricarbonyl complexes of 1,4-Substituted pyridyl-1,2,3-triazole bidentate &#039;click&#039; ligands conjugated to a targeting RGD peptide

New 1,4-substituted pyridyl-1,2,3-triazole ligands with pendent phenyl isothiocyanate functional groups linked to the heterocycle through a short methylene or longer polyethylene glycol spacers were prepared and conjugated to a peptide containing the arginine-glycine-aspartic acid peptide motif. Rhenium and technetium carbonyl complexes, [M(CO) 3 L x (py)] + (where M = Re I or 99m Tc I ; L x = 1,4-substituted pyridyl-1,2,3-triazole ligands and py = pyridine) were prepared. One rhenium complex has been characterized by X-ray crystallography, and the luminescent properties of [M(CO) 3 L x (py)] + are reported

Human inferior parietal cortex ‘programs’ the action class ofgrasping

If one writes with a pen grasped between the toes, or a pencil held in the mouth, the handwriting style may be of poor quality but can be identified as belonging to a particular individual. Like other actions, such as grasping or pointing, different body parts can be used to produce the movement. These findings, of reasonably consistent spatial and temporal productions by different effectors, have been used to argue for the concept of motor equivalence and the existence of motor programs abstracted from particular effectors. In this study subjects were required to perform an action (grasping a sweet) with different effectors (the mouth or the hand) while the brain was scanned. Activation of the inferior parietal lobe during real and imagined mouth grasping, and during real hand grasping actions was demonstrated. Primate neurophysiological research has implicated this region in a movement-planning role. Our results confirm the importance of the inferior parietal lobe in integrating converging multimodal sensory information for coding of general action patterns in humans