Facile synthesis and implications of novel hydrophobic materials: Newer insights of pharmaceuticals removal

520-531The residual escape of pharmaceuticals from wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) is a serious environmental concern due to the adverse effects towards living organisms. Therefore, it is important to devise the newer technologies for safe and efficient elimination of emerging micro-pollutants from effluents of existing water treatment plants. Bentonite is grafted with 3-mercaptopropyletrimethoxy silane by facile one-pot method to obtain dense composite material (MPTS/BENT).The materials are characterized by the FT-IR, XRD, BET and SEM/EDX analytical tools. Various parametric experiments conducted for the removal of tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) and triclosan (TCS) using MPTS/BENT under batch experimentations. Further, column adsorption experiments have been performed.The incorporation of organosilane with bentonite is confirmed by FT-IR and EDX analyses. BET surface area analysis showed that the surface area of MPTS/BENT is significantly small compared with pristine clay. pH dependent sorption of TCH and TCS is almost unaffected within the pH 3.0 to 7.0. Rapid uptake of TCH and TCS by MPTS/BENT followed PSO kinetics. High percentage removal was achieved at wide concentration range of pollutants. The uptake of TCH and TCS is unaffected on increasing the background electrolyte concentrations for 1000 times. Column experiment confirmed the high efficiency of MPTS/BENT towards these pollutants. Moreover, the removal of TCH/or TCS from real water sample at varied pH values showed that the synthesized composite is selective and efficient towards these micro-pollutants. This study showed that the synthesized material, i.e., MPTS/BENT could be efficiently employed for the additional purification of WWTP effluents

Facile synthesis and implications of novel hydrophobic materials: Newer insights of pharmaceuticals removal

The residual escape of pharmaceuticals from wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) is a serious environmental concern due to the adverse effects towards living organisms. Therefore, it is important to devise the newer technologies for safe and efficient elimination of emerging micro-pollutants from effluents of existing water treatment plants. Bentonite is grafted with 3-mercaptopropyletrimethoxy silane by facile one-pot method to obtain dense composite material (MPTS/BENT).The materials are characterized by the FT-IR, XRD, BET and SEM/EDX analytical tools. Various parametric experiments conducted for the removal of tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) and triclosan (TCS) using MPTS/BENT under batch experimentations. Further, column adsorption experiments have been performed.The incorporation of organosilane with bentonite is confirmed by FT-IR and EDX analyses. BET surface area analysis showed that the surface area of MPTS/BENT is significantly small compared with pristine clay. pH dependent sorption of TCH and TCS is almost unaffected within the pH 3.0 to 7.0. Rapid uptake of TCH and TCS by MPTS/BENT followed PSO kinetics. High percentage removal was achieved at wide concentration range of pollutants. The uptake of TCH and TCS is unaffected increasing the background electrolyte concentrations for 1000 times. Column experiment confirmed the high efficiency of MPTS/BENT towards these pollutants. Moreover, the removal of TCH/or TCS from real water sample at varied pH values showed that the synthesized composite is selective and efficient towards these micro-pollutants. This study showed that the synthesize material, i.e., MPTS/BENT could be efficiently employed for the additional purification of WWTP effluents

A study to assess awareness on eye donation and willingness to pledge eyes for donation in adult population in Gwalior district (M.P.), India

Background: Purpose of current study was to determine the awareness of eye donation and willingness to pledge eyes for donation in the government colonies (Central and state govt. colonies) of district Gwalior (M.P.). Corneal diseases constitute a significant cause of visual impairment and blindness in the developing world. Although Strategies to prevent corneal blindness are likely to be more cost effective, visual rehabilitation by Corneal Transplantation remains the major treatment for restoring sight in those who already have corneal blindness.Methods: The present study was undertaken from July 2012 to Dec. 2012 with a total population 2192 was surveyed of people residing in central and state govt. Colonies of district Gwalior in which total of 500 houses were taken. The total population aged 30 years and above were interrogated by a predesigned questionnaire regarding awareness of eye donation, any eye related problem and willingness to pledge eyes for donation.Results: The total respondents were 947 in which 481 (50.79%) were Males and 466 (49.21%) were females. The awareness of eye donation was present in 590 (62.30%) while 357 (37.70%) were not aware.Conclusion: The awareness regarding eye donation should be increased so that the public’s attitude would be more favorable to facilitate an increase in the number of corneas available for transplantation.

A Review on Role of Shankhpushpi Kalka and Yashtimadhu Taila Shirodhara towards the Management of Anidra

Insomnia (Anidra) is one of the common health issues of current global scenario and number of such patients increases day by day sue to the diversified living pattern. The disease mainly associated with mental anxiety, grief, anger, depression and presence of other disease conditions. The modern medical science utilizes antipsychotic, sedatives and anti-depressant medicine for the management of insomnia while Ayurveda focuses to pacify disease pathology through Shodhna; Shirodhara, Nasya karma, Murdhni Chikitsa, use of natural herbs and Ayurveda formulations. The Ayurveda formulations containing herbs like Shankhpushpi and Yashtimadhu offers beneficial effects in Anidra, therefore in present article we emphasizes role of some classical therapies for the management of Anidra. Keywords: Ayurveda, Anidra, Shankhpushpi, Shirodhara, Yashtimadh

Efficient use of Ferrate(VI) in the remediation of aqueous solutions contaminated with potential micropollutants: Simultaneous removal of triclosan and amoxicillin

532-542Ferrate(VI) is a safer oxidant compared to the often used oxidant in various wastewater treatment plants since the ferrate(VI) is devoid with the generation of harmful by-products. Hence, the present study is aimed to obtain laboratory experimental data for the treatment of water adulterated with emerging micro-pollutant (triclosan and amoxicillin) using the ferrate(VI). The parametric studies enabled us to deduce the kinetics of ferrate(VI) removal. The molar stoichiometry of ferrate(VI) and micro-pollutant was obtained as 2:1. Further, the mineralization of triclosan and amoxicillin is obtained which further enhances the applicability of ferrate(VI) in the waste water treatment. The simultaneous removal of these two pollutants (triclosan and amoxicillin) are extensively studied using the ferrate(VI). Moreover, the pH dependent degradation using ferrate(VI) is enabled to deduce the mechanism of removal. Additionally, the real matrix samples using the natural spring water (Tuikhur water) spiked with these micro-pollutants showed that the ferrate(VI) efficiency is almost unaffected at least in the removal of these two micro-pollutants. This showed the selectivity of the ferrate(VI) in the treatment process

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACY & LIFE SCIENCES Dendrimers-a novel drug delivery system

Abstract Dendrimers are the polymeric materials for targeted delivery of drug molecule. These are the highly branched nanoscopic structure for the potential delivery of bioactive. The structure of these materials has a great impact on their physical and chemical properties. As a result of their unique behaviour dendrimers are suitable for a wide range of biomedical and industrial applications. The bioactive agents can be easily encapsulated into the interior of the dendrimers or chemically attached i.e. conjugated or physically adsorbed onto the dendrimer surface, serving the desired properties of the carrier to the specific needs of the active material and its therapeutic applications. In addition to supplying a multivalent backbone for drug attachment, dendrimers also provide access to various new polymer architectures that are potentially relevant to drug delivery applications. Through this review we are mainly focusing on the various properties and applications of dendrimer in pharmaceutical sciences

Geotechnical Effects of the 2015 Magnitude 7.8 Gorkha, Nepal, Earthquake and Aftershocks

This article summarizes the geotechnical effects of the 25 April 2015 M 7.8 Gorkha, Nepal, earthquake and aftershocks, as documented by a reconnaissance team that undertook a broad engineering and scientific assessment of the damage and collected perishable data for future analysis. Brief descriptions are provided of ground shaking, surface fault rupture, landsliding, soil failure, and infrastructure performance. The goal of this reconnaissance effort, led by Geotechnical Extreme Events Reconnaissance, is to learn from earthquakes and mitigate hazards in future earthquakes