3,819 research outputs found
THE CAUSAL STRUCTURE OF LAND PRICE DETERMINANTS
This paper investigates causation contemporaneously and over time to elucidate the persistent lack of agreement about what "causes" changes in farmland prices. Using recently developed causal modeling framework of directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) and cointegrated (VAR) techniques, the assumed causal structures of existing structural and empirical models are tested directly. The results validate concerns about the nonstationarity of these series. Land price changes are found to respond to a small subset of the oft-cited causes of price change, including macroeconomic variables.Land Economics/Use,
Asymptotic normalization of mirror states and the effect of couplings
Assuming that the ratio between asymptotic normalization coefficients of
mirror states is model independent, charge symmetry can be used to indirectly
extract astrophysically relevant proton capture reactions on proton-rich nuclei
based on information on stable isotopes. The assumption has been tested for
light nuclei within the microscopic cluster model. In this work we explore the
Hamiltonian independence of the ratio between asymptotic normalization
coefficients of mirror states when deformation and core excitation is
introduced in the system. For this purpose we consider a phenomenological rotor
+ N model where the valence nucleon is subject to a deformed mean field and the
core is allowed to excite. We apply the model to 8Li/8B, 13C/13N, 17O/17F,
23Ne/23Al, and 27Mg/27P. Our results show that for most studied cases, the
ratio between asymptotic normalization coefficients of mirror states is
independent of the strength and multipolarity of the couplings induced. The
exception is for cases in which there is an s-wave coupled to the ground state
of the core, the proton system is loosely bound, and the states have large
admixture with other configurations. We discuss the implications of our results
for novae.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures, submitted to PR
Efficient Learning of a One-dimensional Density Functional Theory
Density functional theory underlies the most successful and widely used
numerical methods for electronic structure prediction of solids. However, it
has the fundamental shortcoming that the universal density functional is
unknown. In addition, the computational result---energy and charge density
distribution of the ground state---is useful for electronic properties of
solids mostly when reduced to a band structure interpretation based on the
Kohn-Sham approach. Here, we demonstrate how machine learning algorithms can
help to free density functional theory from these limitations. We study a
theory of spinless fermions on a one-dimensional lattice. The density
functional is implicitly represented by a neural network, which predicts,
besides the ground-state energy and density distribution, density-density
correlation functions. At no point do we require a band structure
interpretation. The training data, obtained via exact diagonalization, feeds
into a learning scheme inspired by active learning, which minimizes the
computational costs for data generation. We show that the network results are
of high quantitative accuracy and, despite learning on random potentials,
capture both symmetry-breaking and topological phase transitions correctly.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures; 4+ pages appendi
Foreign political instability and U.S. agricultural exports: evidence from panel data
The intent of this paper is to examine the impact of political instability in importing nations on U.S. agricultural trade. A panel data set representing eighty-seven importing countries covering the 1990-2000 period was used to investigate how the degree of democratic practices and three types of political instability (violent, social, and elite) affect U.S agricultural exports. The empirical results suggest that political instability do have a statistically significant effect on U.S. agricultural export demand.agricultural trade
Dynamics of a two-level system coupled with a quantum oscillator in the very strong coupling limit
The time-dependent behavior of a two-level system interacting with a quantum
oscillator system is analyzed in the case of a coupling larger than both the
energy separation between the two levels and the energy of quantum oscillator
(, where is the frequency of the
transition between the two levels, is the frequency of the
oscillator, and is the coupling between the two-level system and the
oscillator). Our calculations show that the amplitude of the expectation value
of the oscillator coordinate decreases as the two-level system undergoes the
transition from one level to the other, while the transfer probability between
the levels is staircase-like. This behavior is explained by the interplay
between the adiabatic and the non-adiabatic regimes encountered during the
dynamics with the system acting as a quantum counterpart of the Landau-Zener
model. The transition between the two levels occurs as long as the expectation
value of the oscillator coordinate is driven close to zero. On the contrary, if
the initial conditions are set such that the expectation values of the
oscillator coordinate are far from zero, the system will remain locked on one
level.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, to be published in Physical Review
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