Kundenzufriedenheit im SGB II: Arbeitsvermittler im Urteil der ALG-II-Empfänger

Das SGB II räumt dem Dienstleistungsgedanken in der Arbeitsvermittlung einen hohen Stellenwert ein. Mit intensiver Beratung und Betreuung sollen bessere Integrationserfolge erzielt werden. Das IAB legt nun Ergebnisse einer repräsentativen Untersuchung vor, in der drei Jahre nach Einführung der Reform Arbeitslosengeld(ALG)-II-Empfänger zu ihren Erfahrungen im Umgang mit den Mitarbeitern der SGB-II-Träger befragt wurden

Erwerbseinstieg und bisheriges Erwerbsleben der deutschen Babyboomerkohorten 1959 und 1965: Vorarbeiten zu einer Kohortenstudie

Mit einer zunehmend älter werdenden Erwerbsbevölkerung gewinnt der Zusammenhang von Arbeit und Arbeitsbelastungen mit individueller Gesundheit und Arbeitsfähigkeit vermehrt an öffentlichem Interesse. Die Studie lidA- leben in der Arbeit untersucht eben diesen Zusammenhang, beispielhaft für die Geburtskohorten 1959 und 1965. Beide Kohorten gehören zu den geburtenstarken Jahrgängen, die während der wirtschaftlichen Aufschwungphase nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg in Deutschland geboren wurden. Derzeit stehen sie an der Schwelle zum höheren Erwerbsalter. Der vorliegende Bericht fasst einige Vorarbeiten zur lidA-Studie zusammen und beschreibt ausführlich den Erwerbseinstieg und die bisherige Erwerbsbeteiligung der beiden betrachteten Geburtskohorten. Auch wenn die beiden Kohorten unter sehr ähnlichen institutionellen Gegebenheiten heranwuchsen, zeigt sich, dass sie bereits während ihres Erwerbseinstieges mit unterschiedlichen Chancen und Risiken konfrontiert waren. Während beide Geburtskohorten zunächst von der Bildungsexpansion profitieren konnten, wurde ihr Übergang ins Berufsleben insbesondere durch die Arbeitsmarktkrise der 1980er Jahre erschwert. Im weiteren Erwerbsverlauf zeigt sich, dass die Mehrheit beider Kohorten gut in den Arbeitsmarkt integriert ist. Unterschiede in der Art der Erwerbsbeteiligung und in deren Umfang sind im Besonderen zwischen Männern und Frauen und zwischen ost- und westdeutschen Regionen zu erkennen.With an ageing German work force, the relationship between work and workload with individual health and workability is of increasing public interest. The German Cohort Study on Work, Age and Health 'lidA - leben in der Arbeit' is designed to further investigate precisely this relationship, examining the birth cohorts of 1959 and 1965 exemplarily. Both cohorts were born during the German baby boom following the Second World War. Currently, they are on the threshold to higher working age. This report summarizes some preparatory work to the lidA-study and provides a detailed description of the labor market entry and labor participation of both cohorts considered in the lidA-study. Although growing up under similar institutional settings, members of the two birth cohorts have been confronted with different opportunities and constraints. While both cohorts have benefited from the educational expansion, their labor market entry was also determined by the labor market crises of the 1980s which affected them at different times of their labor-market entry phase. Nevertheless, the majority of the two cohorts was able to establish their careers later on. Rather, differences in labor force participation are seen in particular between men and women and between East and West German regions

Single-shot implementation of dispersion-scan for the characterization of ultrashort laser pulses

We demonstrate a novel, single-shot ultrafast diagnostic, based on the dispersion-scan (d-scan) technique. In this implementation, rather than scanning wedges to vary the dispersion as in standard d-scan, the pulse to be measured experiences a spatially varying amount of dispersion in a Littrow prism. The resulting beam is then imaged into a second-harmonic generation crystal and an imaging spectrometer is used to measure the two-dimensional trace, which is analyzed using the d-scan retrieval algorithm. We compare the single-shot implementation with the standard d-scan for the measurement of sub-3.5-fs pulses from a hollow core fiber pulse compressor. We show that the retrieval algorithm used to extract amplitude and phase of the pulse provides comparable results, proving the validity of the new single-shot implementation down to near single-cycle durations.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure

Attosecond sampling of arbitrary optical waveforms

Advances in the generation of ultrashort laser pulses, and the emergence of new research areas such as attosecond science, nanoplasmonics, coherent control, and multidimensional spectroscopy, have led to the need for a new class of ultrafast metrology that can measure the electric field of complex optical waveforms spanning the ultraviolet to the infrared. Important examples of such waveforms are those produced by spectral control of ultrabroad bandwidth pulses, or by Fourier synthesis. These are typically tailored for specific purposes, such as to increase the photon energy and flux of high-harmonic radiation, or to control dynamical processes by steering electron dynamics on subcycle time scales. These applications demand a knowledge of the full temporal evolution of the field. Conventional pulse measurement techniques that provide estimates of the relative temporal or spectral phase are unsuited to measure such waveforms. Here we experimentally demonstrate a new, all-optical method for directly measuring the electric field of arbitrary ultrafast optical waveforms. Our method is based on high-harmonic generation (HHG) driven by a field that is the collinear superposition of the waveform to be measured with a stronger probe laser pulse. As the delay between the pulses is varied, we show that the field of the unknown waveform is mapped to energy shifts in the high-harmonic spectrum, allowing a direct, accurate, and rapid retrieval of the electric field with subcycle temporal resolution at the location of the HHG

Self-referenced characterization of space-time couplings in near single-cycle laser pulses

We report on the characterization of space-time couplings in high energy sub-2-cycle 770nm laser pulses using a self-referencing single-shot method. Using spatially-encoded arrangement filter-based spectral phase interferometry for direct electric field reconstruction (SEA-F-SPIDER) we characterize few-cycle pulses with a wave-front rotation of 2.8x?10^11 rev/sec (1.38 mrad per half-cycle) and pulses with pulse front tilts ranging from to -0.33 fs/um to -3.03 fs/um.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figure

Erwerbseinstieg und bisheriges Erwerbsleben der deutschen Babyboomerkohorten 1959 und 1965 : Vorarbeiten zu einer Kohortenstudie

"With an ageing German work force, the relationship between work and workload with individual health and workability is of increasing public interest. The German Cohort Study on Work, Age and Health 'lidA - leben in der Arbeit' is designed to further investigate precisely this relationship, examining the birth cohorts of 1959 and 1965 exemplarily. Both cohorts were born during the German baby boom following the Second World War. Currently, they are on the threshold to higher working age. This report summarizes some preparatory work to the lidA-study and provides a detailed description of the labor market entry and labor participation of both cohorts considered in the lidA-study. Although growing up under similar institutional settings, members of the two birth cohorts have been confronted with different opportunities and constraints. While both cohorts have benefited from the educational expansion, their labor market entry was also determined by the labor market crises of the 1980s which affected them at different times of their labor-market entry phase. Nevertheless, the majority of the two cohorts was able to establish their careers later on. Rather, differences in labor force participation are seen in particular between men and women and between East and West German regions." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en)) Additional Information Weitere Informationen zum Projekt lidA. Die Webseite des lidA-Projekts.ältere Arbeitnehmer, Gesundheit, Arbeitswelt, arbeitsbedingte Krankheit, Arbeitsbelastung, Berufsverlauf, Arbeitslosigkeit, Berufseinmündung, Erwerbsbeteiligung, Qualifikationsniveau, IAB-Datensatz Leben in der Arbeit

Junge Menschen mit Behinderung: Reha-Verfahren helfen beim Berufseinstieg

Leistungen zur Teilhabe am Arbeitsleben' sollen jungen Menschen mit Behinderung eine berufliche Ausbildung ermöglichen und den Erwerbseinstieg erleichtern. Die berufliche Ersteingliederung dieser Menschen wird in Deutschland fast ausschließlich von der Bundesagentur für Arbeit finanziert. Die geförderten Personen kommen oft direkt aus dem Schulsystem und viele von ihnen haben keinen Abschluss. Im Rahmen der beruflichen Ersteingliederung nehmen sie an berufsvorbereitenden Maßnahmen teil oder absolvieren eine Berufsausbildung. Die Art der Ausbildung kann sich je nach Behinderungsart unterscheiden und beeinflusst die Integrationschancen der Jugendlichen

Environmental Health Indicators: A review of initiatives worldwide

Purpose – The extent to which research into the design and development of environmental health indicators (EHIs) has translated into operational programmes is unclear. The purpose of this paper is to identify EHI initiatives worldwide, distil the EHIs and draw lessons from the experience. Design/methodology/approach – A systematic internet-based review was undertaken. Programmes were selected for inclusion if they: first, had the ability to monitor both the physical environment and associated health outcomes; and second, the parent agency had the ability to influence policies related to the environment and health. Findings – The small number of eligible programmes indicates EHI initiatives are not yet well established, especially in developing countries. The use of indicators was also limited by uncertainties in the exposure-response relationships that they implied, and the consequent inability to translate the indicators into a common measure of health impact. In addition, there is no information on the extent to which the indicators have been applied in decision making, nor on the policy implications of using indicators. Practical implications – More effort is needed to encourage the development and use of more balanced and informative sets of indicators, and to evaluate their use and outcomes in terms of health benefits. Originality/value – The time is right for a substantial review paper on EHIs as they are now being used by a number of organisations and to the knowledge this is the first review of operational EHI programmes worldwide