An anomalous engenderment of a common scenario: upper gastrointestinal bleeding

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) includes hemorrhage originating from the esophagus to the ligament of Treitz. It is a gastrointestinal emergency that can result in significant morbidity, mortality, along with laborious utilization of health-care resources. With the advent of definite management protocols, the recent trends have revealed that patients rarely die from exsanguination, with decompensation of the underlying disorders, rather, proving to be causative of the same. Rapid assessment, resuscitation, and early endoscopic investigation serve as the foundation of early management. Common sinister underlying aetiology include Oesophageal Varices, Peptic Ulcer Disease, NSAID Induced Acute Gastritis or Malignancy. Arising from a conglomeration of aetiologies, an infrequent one, is a silently sinister pseudoaneurym rupturing into the stomach, stemming from a visceral artery. Since the first description by Beaussier in 1770, the condition has been detected with increasing frequency, primarily as a consequence of the increasing use of accurate imaging methods. Coeliac artery aneurysms (CAAs) occur in approximately 0.2% of the overall population and constitute approximately 4% of all visceral artery aneurysms (VAAs). Their risk of rupture is estimated at 10% to 15% and is associated with high mortality. Associated risk factors include atherosclerosis, hypertension, systemic inflammation, trauma, collagen vascular disease, infection, fibromuscular dysplasia, and cirrhosi

Prevalence of Traumatic Dental Injuries to Anterior Teeth of 12-Year-Old School Children in Kashmir, India

Background: Traumatic dental injuries to anterior teeth are a significant public health problem, not only because their prevalence is relatively high, but also because they have considerable impact on children’s daily lives. Traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) cause physical and psychological discomfort, pain and other negative impacts, such as tendency to avoid laughing or smiling, which can affect social relationships. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of traumatic dental injuries to anterior teeth among 12-year-old school children in Kashmir, India. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in private and government schools of India among 1600 schoolchildren aged 12 years. In addition to recording of the type of trauma (using Ellis and Davey classification of fractures, 1970), over jet, Angle’s molar relation and lip competence were also recorded. The socioeconomic status and academic performance of the study subjects were registered. The data obtained were compiled systematically and then statistically analyzed. The statistical significance for the association between the traumatic injury and the variables was analyzed using the chi-square test. Logistic regression was used to identify potential risk predictors of TDIs. Results: The overall prevalence of TDI to anterior teeth was found to be 9.3%. The TDI to anterior teeth in male was more than female, but the difference was statistically nonsignificant (P < 0.01). Falls and sports were the most common causes of trauma in the present study. The highest potential risk factor for the occurrence of trauma was over jet. Academic performance was found to be significantly associated to TDI to anterior teeth, when analyzed in a multiple regression model. Conclusions: It was concluded that the prevalence of traumatic dental injuries was 9.3%. Traumatic dental injuries among children exhibit complex interaction between the victims’ oral conditions and their behavior. Therefore, prevention should consider a number of characteristics such as oral predisposing factors, environmental determinants and human behavior. It is recommended that specific and proper public places for leisure and sports activities, with impact-absorbing surfaces around the items on which children are most likely to fall, should be provided

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An anomalous engenderment of a common scenario: upper gastrointestinal bleeding

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) includes hemorrhage originating from the esophagus to the ligament of Treitz. It is a gastrointestinal emergency that can result in significant morbidity, mortality, along with laborious utilization of health-care resources. With the advent of definite management protocols, the recent trends have revealed that patients rarely die from exsanguination, with decompensation of the underlying disorders, rather, proving to be causative of the same. Rapid assessment, resuscitation, and early endoscopic investigation serve as the foundation of early management. Common sinister underlying aetiology include Oesophageal Varices, Peptic Ulcer Disease, NSAID Induced Acute Gastritis or Malignancy. Arising from a conglomeration of aetiologies, an infrequent one, is a silently sinister pseudoaneurym rupturing into the stomach, stemming from a visceral artery. Since the first description by Beaussier in 1770, the condition has been detected with increasing frequency, primarily as a consequence of the increasing use of accurate imaging methods. Coeliac artery aneurysms (CAAs) occur in approximately 0.2% of the overall population and constitute approximately 4% of all visceral artery aneurysms (VAAs). Their risk of rupture is estimated at 10% to 15% and is associated with high mortality. Associated risk factors include atherosclerosis, hypertension, systemic inflammation, trauma, collagen vascular disease, infection, fibromuscular dysplasia, and cirrhosi

Evaluation of mass transfer evapotranspiration models under semiarid conditions using MCDM approach

The selection of suitable reference evapotranspiration (ETo) models in case of climatic data scarcity is a challenging task as it plays a pivotal role in agriculture and water resource management. Therefore, the research work deals with selecting the appropriate mass transfer reference evapotranspiration model using multi criteria decision technique (MCDM) in a semi-arid region of the southern part of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia i.e., Abha. The ten mass transfer methods with ten criteria (statistical indices) using available weather parameters from 1980 to 2018 have been illustrated in this study. Models were calibrated (1980-2006) and validated for the period (2007-2018). The objective weight was computed by criteria importance through inter criteria correlation (CRITIC) method and performance score by weighted sum model (WSM), weighted product model (WPM), weighted aggregates sum product assessment (WASPAS) and evaluation based on distance from average solution (EDAS) methods which in turn rank the evapotranspiration method. The rankings obtained from MCDM techniques were validated with ranking by GPI method using spearman ranking coefficient. The result from MCDM shows that Saif model is the best model and that also GPI yielded same result. The methodology applied in this study can be adopted in any other region which in turns proved to be beneficial for crop cultivators, crop advisors, researchers, and water resource management

Optimization of water reuse and modelling by saline composition with nanoparticles based on machine learning architectures

Water is a necessary resource that enables the existence of all life forms, including humans. Freshwater usage has become increasingly necessary in recent years. Facilities for treating seawater are less dependable and effective. Deep learning methods have the ability to improve salt particle analysis in saltwater's accuracy and efficiency, which will enhance the performance of water treatment plants. This research proposes a novel technique in optimization of water reuse with nanoparticle analysis based on machine learning architecture. Here, the optimization of water reuse is carried out based on nanoparticle solar cell for saline water treatment and the saline composition has been analyzed using a gradient discriminant random field. Experimental analysis is carried out in terms of specificity, computational cost, kappa coefficient, training accuracy, and mean average precision for various tunnelling electron microscope (TEM) image datasets. The bright-field TEM (BF-TEM) dataset attained a specificity of 75%, kappa coefficient of 44%, training accuracy of 81%, and mean average precision of 61%, whereas the annular dark-field scanning TEM (ADF-STEM) dataset produced specificity of 79%, kappa coefficient of 49%, training accuracy of 85%, and mean average precision of 66% as compared with the existing artificial neural network (ANN) approach. HIGHLIGHTS Deep learning methods have the ability to improve salt particle analysis in saltwater's accuracy and efficiency, which will enhance the performance of water treatment plants.; This research proposes a novel technique in the optimization of water reuse with nanoparticle analysis based on machine learning architecture. Here, the optimization of water reuse is carried out based on nanoparticle solar cells for water treatment.

08 A PROSPECTIVE COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN EARLY AND INTERVAL LAPAROSCOPIC/OPEN CHOLECYSTECTOMY IN PATIENTS OF ACUTE CHOLECYSTITIS

&lt;p&gt;24A | 38 | JAN 2022 | IJABMS&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Medical Journal Research Article&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;08 A PROSPECTIVE COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN EARLY AND INTERVAL LAPAROSCOPIC/OPEN CHOLECYSTECTOMY IN PATIENTS OF ACUTE CHOLECYSTITIS&lt;/p&gt

Contribution of DFT to the optimization of Ni-based catalysts for dry reforming of methane: a review

In recent years, Density Functional Theory (DFT) simulations have been utilized to gain insight into the Dry Reforming of Methane (DRM) process. It enables new and improved management of current reactions, acquiring extra information about specific elements of the catalytic process, and developing practical methods for rational in silico catalyst design. This study covers the significance of DFT and current research on Ni-based catalysts in the DRM process, including the reaction mechanism, coke production, metal sintering, and metal support interactions. The DFT tool may explain the catalytic characteristics of Ni-based catalysts and their relationship with their catalytic performances, which are necessary tools for a rational design of appropriate catalytic systems for DRM applications

Room and High Temperature Tensile Responses of Tib2-Graphene Al 7075 Hybrid Composite Processed through Squeeze Casting

The development of aluminium composite with the inclusion of advanced materials is a continuous research process due to the increasing industrial demand for advanced hybrid materials. To cater for this need, this research work focuses on the development of Al 7075 alloy reinforced with TiB2 and graphene and on the evaluation of its strengthening mechanism. Two different modes of improving the strength of the hybrid composite have been followed; one is by the inclusion of graphene at three levels of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3%, and another by the processing route, squeeze casting technique by compression of the molten hybrid composite slurry before casting. The microstructure and characterisation of the composite material are examined and analysed with the help of XRD, SEM, EDAX and chemical spectroscopy. A microstructure evaluation is employed to justify the homogenous dispersal and the existence of reinforced particles. A tensile test is conducted at room temperature and high temperature environments to assess the tensile strength. The research outcome affirms that a significant improvement in tensile and hardness has been noted in comparison with base alloy. The fracture-morphology results affirm the change in fracture mode from brittle to ductile when the tensile testing environment changes from room temperature to high temperature. Finally, the dispersion strengthening mechanism is validated with an empirical approach