Thermoresponsive Hyperbranched Polymers with Spatially Isomerized Groups: NMR Implication to Their Thermoresponsive Behaviors

The influence of stereochemical difference on the phase transition of thermoresponsive polymer was studied in detail in this work. To this end, we synthesized two thermoresponsive hyperbranched polymers having the almost same chemical composition but differing in the spatial distribution of the chemical groups. These samples exhibit remarkably different low critical solution temperatures (LCSTs). A detailed NMR study on the samples revealed that before the transition the chemical groups in the two samples have very different packing arrangements. A microscopic phase separation was realized in the polymer having the densely packed structure. The origin of the different LCSTs of the polymers was well explained by the entropy change due to the dehydrate/hydrate processes in the transition

Additional file 2: of Microarray expression profile analysis of mRNAs and long non-coding RNAs in pulmonary tuberculosis with different traditional Chinese medicine syndromes

Sample data for TB PYD, HFYD, and DQY patients and healthy controls. (DOCX 15 kb

Additional file 1: of Microarray expression profile analysis of mRNAs and long non-coding RNAs in pulmonary tuberculosis with different traditional Chinese medicine syndromes

Clinical data for TB cases with PYD, HFYD and DQY syndromes and normal reference ranges. P values between TB cases with PYD, HFYD and DQY syndromes and the normal reference range were determined by one-sample t-test after taking the logarithm and comparison to the median. *P < 0.05. **P < 0.01. *** P < 0.001 (DOCX 17 kb

An antibacterial Co(II) mononuclear compound containing N,N-bis(3,5-dichlorosalicylidene)hydrazine obtained from 3,5-dichlorosalicylaldehyde thiosemicarbazone in hydrothermal conditions

A mononuclear compound, [Co(L1)2(H2O)]·2H2O (1), where L1 = N,N-bis(3,5-dichlorosalicylidene)hydrazine, was synthesized under hydrothermal conditions. Note that L1 is derived from the hydrothermal in situ reaction of L2 (L2 = 3,5-dichlorosalicylaldehyde thiosemicarbazone). L2 is prepared by reflux using 3,5-dichlorosalicylic aldehyde and thiosemicarbazide. Although 1 is only a mononuclear structure coordinated with L1, intermolecular hydrogen-bonded interactions between two adjacent mononuclear units creates a 1D supramolecular chain. Furthermore, it self-assembles into a fascinating 2D supramolecular layer via π⋅⋅⋅π stacking between benzene rings of adjacent chains. Hirshfeld surfaces and fingerprint maps of 1 were applied to obtain data on non-covalent interactions. Antibacterial analysis shows that 1 is a potential antibacterial material and the bacteriostasis rate is higher than that of L1 (E. coli: 89.41% for 1, 29.09% for L1; MRSA: 93.17% for 1, 38.54% for L1). The solid and liquid photoluminescence properties of 1 and L1 were also investigated.</p

Serum amyloid A, protein Z, and C4b-binding protein β chain as new potential biomarkers for pulmonary tuberculosis

<div><p>The aim of this study was to discover novel biomarkers for pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Differentially expressed proteins in the serum of patients with TB were screened and identified by iTRAQ-two dimensional liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry analysis. A total of 79 abnormal proteins were discovered in patients with TB compared with healthy controls. Of these, significant differences were observed in 47 abnormally expressed proteins between patients with TB or pneumonia and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Patients with TB (n = 136) exhibited significantly higher levels of serum amyloid A (SAA), vitamin K-dependent protein Z (PROZ), and C4b-binding protein β chain (C4BPB) than those in healthy controls (n = 66) (<i>P</i><0.0001 for each) albeit significantly lower levels compared with those in patients with pneumonia (n = 72) (<i>P</i><0.0001 for each) or COPD (n = 72) (<i>P</i><0.0001, <i>P</i><0.0001, <i>P</i> = 0.0016, respectively). After 6 months of treatment, the levels of SAA and PROZ were significantly increased (<i>P</i> = 0.022, <i>P</i><0.0001, respectively), whereas the level of C4BPB was significantly decreased (<i>P</i> = 0.0038) in treated TB cases (n = 72). Clinical analysis showed that there were significant differences in blood clotting and lipid indices in patients with TB compared with healthy controls, patients with pneumonia or COPD, and treated TB cases (<i>P</i><0.05). Correlation analysis revealed significant correlations between PROZ and INR (rs = 0.414, <i>P</i> = 0.044), and between C4BPB and FIB (rs = 0.617, <i>P</i> = 0.0002) in patients with TB. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that the area under the curve value of the diagnostic model combining SAA, PROZ, and C4BPB to discriminate the TB group from the healthy control, pneumonia, COPD, and cured TB groups was 0.972, 0.928, 0.957, and 0.969, respectively. Together, these results suggested that SAA, PROZ, and C4BPB may serve as new potential biomarkers for TB. Our study may thus provide experimental data for the differential diagnosis of TB.</p></div

Correlation analysis of differentially expressed proteins and clinical coagulation indices.

<p>Correlation analysis of differentially expressed proteins and clinical coagulation indices.</p

Flowchart of the experimental design.

<p>Differentially expressed proteins were identified and quantified by applying iTRAQ-2DLC-MS/MS technology and by ELISA.</p

Serum proteins levels in the healthy controls, patients with TB, and treated TB cases.

<p>(A) SAA. (B) PROZ. (C) C4BPB. TB: pulmonary tuberculosis. <i>P</i> value <0.05 indicates statistical significance using the Mann-Whitney U test. *<i>P</i> < 0.05, **<i>P</i> < 0.01, ***<i>P</i> < 0.001.</p

Bioinformatics analysis of differentially expressed proteins.

<p>(A) Biological process (GO analysis). (B) Molecular function (GO analysis). (C) Cellular component (GO analysis). (D) KEGG analysis. (E) Functional network of differentially expressed proteins. ECM: extracellular matrix; MAPK: Mitogen-activated protein kinase; PPAR: peroxisome proliferator activated receptor.</p

Clinical data of patients with TB, healthy controls, patients with pneumonia or COPD, and treated TB cases.

<p>Clinical data of patients with TB, healthy controls, patients with pneumonia or COPD, and treated TB cases.</p