3 research outputs found
Architecture Engineering of Hierarchically Porous Chitosan/Vacuum-Stripped Graphene Scaffold as Bioanode for High Performance Microbial Fuel Cell
The bioanode is the defining feature of microbial fuel
cell (MFC)
technology and often limits its performance. In the current work,
we report the engineering of a novel hierarchically porous architecture
as an efficient bioanode, consisting of biocompatible chitosan and
vacuum-stripped graphene (CHI/VSG). With the hierarchical pores and
unique VSG, an optimized bioanode delivered a remarkable maximum power
density of 1530 mW m<sup>–2</sup> in a mediator-less MFC, 78
times higher than a carbon cloth anode
Ultrasmall-Superbright Neodymium-Upconversion Nanoparticles via Energy Migration Manipulation and Lattice Modification: 808 nm-Activated Drug Release
Nd<sup>3+</sup>-sensitized
upconversion nanoparticles are among
the most promising emerging fluorescent nanotransducers. They are
activated by 808 nm irradiation, which features merits such as limited
tissue overheating and deeper penetration depth, and hence are attractive
for diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Recent studies indicate
that ultrasmall nanoparticles (<10 nm) are potentially more suitable
for clinical application due to their favorable biodistribution and
safety profiles. However, upconversion nanoparticles in the sub-10
nm range suffer from poor luminescence due to their ultrasmall size
and greater proportion of lattice defects. To reconcile these opposing
traits, we adopt a combinatorial strategy of energy migration manipulation
and crystal lattice modification, creating ultrasmall-superbright
Nd<sup>3+</sup>-sensitized nanoparticles with 2 orders of magnitude
enhancement in upconversion luminescence. Specifically, we configure
a sandwich-type nanostructure with a Yb<sup>3+</sup>-enriched intermediate
layer [Nd<sup>3+</sup>]–[Yb<sup>3+</sup>–Yb<sup>3+</sup>]–[Yb<sup>3+</sup>–Tm<sup>3+</sup>] to form a positively
reinforced energy migration system, while introducing Ca<sup>2+</sup> into the crystal lattice to reduce lattice defects. Furthermore,
we apply the nanoparticles to 808 nm light-mediated drug release.
The results indicate time-dependent cancer cells killing and better
antitumor activities. These ultrasmall-superbright dots have unraveled
more opportunities in upconversion photomedicine with the promise
of potentially safer and more effective therapy
Cross Relaxation Induced Pure Red Upconversion in Activator- and Sensitizer-Rich Lanthanide Nanoparticles
Cross Relaxation Induced Pure Red Upconversion in
Activator- and Sensitizer-Rich Lanthanide Nanoparticle