Doxycycline induced gene expression changes associated with protein translation.

(A) Fold change versus expression strength for all detectable genes after 3 or 24 hours doxycycline treatment compared to untreated controls. Red (increased) and blue (decreased) dots represent genes with significantly different levels in treated vs. control bacteria (α = 0.05, log2(fold-change) > 1). Yellow dots represent significantly different expression (α = 0.05) without meeting our fold-change cutoff for differential expression (“sigNC”). Gray dots represent genes that were not significantly different between treatment and control bacteria (“NS”). Numbers of significantly upregulated (up) and downregulated (down) genes are shown as proportions of all detectable genes. (B) Clusters of Orthologous Genes (COG) pathways displayed as proportion of all detectable genes (“Total”) compared to differentially expressed genes after 3h or 24h of doxycycline treatment [47]. (C) Stacked bar graph showing the number of increased (red) and decreased (blue) genes in each COG pathway at 3h and 24h timepoints. Percentage of genes in each pathway that were differentially expressed is stated within each bar. Note: Unclassified and general function prediction not shown.</p

Effects of antibiotics on <i>B</i>. <i>burgdorferi</i> replication rates.

(A) Doxycycline was added to freshly inoculated cultures at concentrations of 0.1 μg/mL, 0.2 μg/mL, and 0.4 μg/ml. (B) Amoxicillin was added to freshly inoculated cultures at concentrations 0.1 μg/mL, 0.2 μg/mL, and 0.4 μg/ml. Bacterial numbers were determined by microscopical examination with a Petroff-Hauser counting chamber after 1, 2, 3, 4 and 7 days of culture.</p

All results for doxycycline after 3h and 24h, and all results for amoxicillin after 3h and 24h.

(XLSX)</p

Differentially expressed genes in doxycycline treated <i>B</i>. <i>burgdorferi</i> versus untreated controls.

Differentially expressed genes in doxycycline treated B. burgdorferi versus untreated controls.</p

Photomicrographs of representative <i>B</i>. <i>burgdorferi</i> from (A) control, or (B, C, and D) amoxicillin-treated cultures after 24h incubation.

All fields are shown at the same relative magnification. Imaged with a 40x objective lens and darkfield illumination.</p

Amoxicillin did not induce gene expression changes.

Fold change versus expression strength for all detectable genes after 3 or 24 hours amoxicillin treatment compared to untreated controls. No genes were significantly different between treatment and control groups (α = 0.05), as indicated by gray dots (“NS”).</p