2008 Statistics

2008 Men\u27s Track and Field Statistics, George Fox College

Table_2_The Influence of Fluid Intelligence, Executive Functions and Premorbid Intelligence on Memory in Frontal Patients.xlsx

<p>Objective: It is commonly thought that memory deficits in frontal patients are a result of impairments in executive functions which impact upon storage and retrieval processes. Yet, few studies have specifically examined the relationship between memory performance and executive functions in frontal patients. Furthermore, the contribution of more general cognitive processes such as fluid intelligence and demographic factors such as age, education, and premorbid intelligence has not been considered.</p><p>Method: Our study examined the relationship between recall and recognition memory and performance on measures of fluid intelligence, executive functions and premorbid intelligence in 39 frontal patients and 46 healthy controls.</p><p>Results: Recall memory impairments in frontal patients were strongly correlated with fluid intelligence, executive functions and premorbid intelligence. These factors were all found to be independent predictors of recall performance, with fluid intelligence being the strongest predictor. In contrast, recognition memory impairments were not related to any of these factors. Furthermore, age and education were not significantly correlated with either recall or recognition memory measures.</p><p>Conclusion: Our findings show that recall memory in frontal patients was related to fluid intelligence, executive functions and premorbid intelligence. In contrast, recognition memory was not. These findings suggest that recall and recognition memory deficits following frontal injury arise from separable cognitive factors. Recognition memory tests may be more useful when assessing memory functions in frontal patients.</p

Table_1_The Influence of Fluid Intelligence, Executive Functions and Premorbid Intelligence on Memory in Frontal Patients.DOCX

<p>Objective: It is commonly thought that memory deficits in frontal patients are a result of impairments in executive functions which impact upon storage and retrieval processes. Yet, few studies have specifically examined the relationship between memory performance and executive functions in frontal patients. Furthermore, the contribution of more general cognitive processes such as fluid intelligence and demographic factors such as age, education, and premorbid intelligence has not been considered.</p><p>Method: Our study examined the relationship between recall and recognition memory and performance on measures of fluid intelligence, executive functions and premorbid intelligence in 39 frontal patients and 46 healthy controls.</p><p>Results: Recall memory impairments in frontal patients were strongly correlated with fluid intelligence, executive functions and premorbid intelligence. These factors were all found to be independent predictors of recall performance, with fluid intelligence being the strongest predictor. In contrast, recognition memory impairments were not related to any of these factors. Furthermore, age and education were not significantly correlated with either recall or recognition memory measures.</p><p>Conclusion: Our findings show that recall memory in frontal patients was related to fluid intelligence, executive functions and premorbid intelligence. In contrast, recognition memory was not. These findings suggest that recall and recognition memory deficits following frontal injury arise from separable cognitive factors. Recognition memory tests may be more useful when assessing memory functions in frontal patients.</p

Performance of the frontal and healthy control groups on the background measures and the parallel forms of the CET.

<p>NART = National Adult Reading Test; APM = Advanced Progressive Matrices; GNT = Graded Naming Test; GDA = Graded Difficulty Arithmetic.</p

Correlational analyses between CET performance and the background neuropsychological measures.

<p>NART = National Adult Reading Test; APM = Advanced Progressive Matrices; GNT = Graded Naming Test; GDA = Graded Difficulty Arithmetic.</p

Performance of the 184 healthy volunteers on the background neuropsychological measures.

<p>NART = National Adult Reading Test; APM = Advanced Progressive Matrices; GNT = Graded Naming Test; GDA = Graded Difficulty Arithmetic.</p

Distribution of the participants’ demographic characteristics according to age, education and gender.

<p>M = Male; F = Female.</p

Percentiles of the distribution of the adjusted error scores on the parallel versions of the CET.

<p>The possible scores range from zero (best performance) to 27 (worst performance).</p