Spoilt for choice? Linking individual fishing behaviour with fleet dynamics

Much progress has been made in developing a precautionary approach to fisheries management, however in most cases, this has been largely confined to biological elements and a more balanced application needs to address social and economic risks as well. A current challenge for global fisheries governing bodies is to manage fishing capacity so that it is commensurate with the availability of the resource. Fisheries science is by its nature an interdisciplinary field, and combining information has proven to be increasingly important in achieving sustainable fisheries management. One factor of increasing importance is the ability to anticipate fisher behaviour in response to management regulation, in order to reduce the unanticipated side effects of management actions aimed both at the fishery sector and at other sectors. The primary aim of this work is to improve understanding of fisher behaviour to support fisheries management. Statistical modelling tools were applied to determine the relative importance of, and improve understanding of, selected drivers for both short term and long term behavioural responses to fishery management measures, to quantify the relationships between capacity, effort and fishing mortality and to investigate spatial competition with other marine sectors. The results demonstrate that expected revenues from target species, experience or habit, management measures, fuel prices, aggregate activity and maritime traffic are significant factors in determining fisher decision-making on when and where to fish. Some of the unobserved random components of the model causing heterogeneity in the selection of fishing grounds by fishers could be attributable to individual variations in decision-making, along with other factors such as skipper skill, age, nationality and vessel attributes. Detailed individual-level vessel data that take into account the heterogeneity and dynamics of a beam-trawl fishing fleet were analysed to draw linkages between capacity, effort and fishing mortality. These relationships could be developed for use as indicators for spatial and temporal management. A key finding from this study was the detection of a switch in species targeting and fishing efficiency over time, with an estimated 6.2% annual decrease in plaice (Pleuronectes platessa) and an estimated 0.6% increase in sole (Solea solea) over the 11-year study period. The research demonstrated how knowledge of drivers of fisher behaviour can lead to better understanding of responses of fishing fleets to management and how more detailed information on fleet structure and dynamics (including effort and capacity) improves knowledge of the relative contributions of different components of a fleet to fishing mortality.Open Acces

Research priorities for seafood-dependent livelihoods under ocean climate change extreme events

Financiado para publicación en acceso aberto: Universidad de Vigo/CISUGThe current magnitude of ocean extreme events already exceeds the end-of-the-decade scenario estimates, and therefore incremental adaptation measures will render insufficient for seafood-dependent livelihoods. Nevertheless, transformational change is deemed promising, but uncertainties remain as to what activates such processes and how maladaptation outcomes can be avoided. While the science on extreme events is advancing fast, little is known about livelihood adaptation and transformation processes in the context of single or compound ocean extreme events. We identify a set of research priorities: 1) the identification of hotspot areas for coastal compound extreme events, 2) the development of bottom-up case study analysis of adaptation to extreme events, 3) the identification of constrainers and enablers to livelihood adaptation and transformation under abrupt change, and 4) directing research to contribute to climatechange policy. An effort addressing these key gaps will inform seafood-dependent livelihood adaptation policies for the 2030 Agenda and beyond

Scenario-Based Design Theorizing:The Case of a Digital Idea Screening Cockpit

As ever more companies encourage employees to innovate, a surplus of ideas has become reality in many organizations – often exceeding the available resources to execute them. Building on insights from a literature review and a 3-year collaboration with a banking software provider, the paper suggests a Digital Idea Screening Cockpit (DISC) to address this challenge. Following a design science research approach, it suggests a prescriptive design theory that provides practitioner-oriented guidance for implementing a DISC. The study shows that, in order to facilitate the assessment, selection, and tracking of ideas for different stakeholders, such a system needs to play a dual role: It needs to structure decision criteria and at the same be flexible to allow for creative expression. Moreover, the paper makes a case for scenario-based design theorizing by developing design knowledge via scenarios

Perspectives on Supplier Innovation: Theories, Concepts and Empirical Insights on Open Innovation and the Integration of Suppliers

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Food security challenged by declining efficiencies of artisanal fishing fleets: a global country-level analysis

Financiado para publicación en acceso aberto: Universidade de Vigo/CISUGGlobal capture fisheries are a vital global food provisioning to help end hunger and malnutrition. To ensure that global seafood supply sustainably supports a growing population, many initiatives within the UN Sustainable-Development-Goals seek to balance management with efficient resource use. Here we examine changes for 150 countries that represent over 98% of global catch for the 1950–2014 period by analysing multiple fleet outputs relative to inputs (such as vessel power) using data envelopment analysis. We show that country specific technical efficiency has declined at rates of −3% yr−1 for artisanal and industrial fleets in 44 and 49 countries respectively. Recent global artisanal fleet (2010–2014 average) declines of −0.2%yr−1 show losses that translates to ∼71400t posing serious implications for sustainable food security and vulnerable livelihoods in the face of climate chang

Managing innovation: internationalization of innovation

Managing Innovation is a three-part series covering contemporary technology and innovation management research areas. Each volume comprises key articles from both the International Journal of Innovation Management and the International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management and provides an international, disciplinary approach across its broad coverage of topics. Relevant for both academics and practitioners, this volume looks at the international aspects of innovation with case studies from China, Germany, India and Russia

Managing innovation: what do we know about innovation success factors?

Managing Innovation is a three-part series covering contemporary technology and innovation management research areas. Each volume comprises key articles from both the International Journal of Innovation Management and the International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management and provides an international, disciplinary approach across its broad coverage of topics. Relevant for both academics and practitioners, this volume answers how organisations can develop innovative approaches from a perspective that encompasses technological advances, changes in the market and individual entrepreneurs

Managing innovation: understanding and motivating crowds

Managing Innovation is a three-part series covering contemporary technology and innovation management research areas. Each volume comprises key articles from both the International Journal of Innovation Management and the International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management and provides an international, disciplinary approach across its broad coverage of topics. Relevant for both academics and practitioners, this volume focuses on key aspects of crowd innovation including motivations, challenges and benefits of this approach