ЦИТОКИНЫ В ПАТОГЕНЕЗЕ САЛЬМОНЕЛЛЕЗНОЙ ИНФЕКЦИИ

The review examines the contemporary knowledge about immune protection mechanisms with Salmonella infection, and Salmonella ability to struggle against these mechanisms. Principal emphasis was made oncytokine system reactions of innate and adaptive immunity, described in experimental and clinical researches.В обзоре представлены современные сведения о механизмах иммунной защиты при сальмонеллезной инфекции, способности сальмонелл противостоять этим механизмам. Основной акцент сделан на реакции системы цитокинов врожденного и приобретенного иммунитета, описанной в экспериментальных и клинических исследованиях

Changes in population structure and body dimensions of two xanthid crabs: A long-term study in a single boulder-shore

Abstract Two xanthid crab species were studied during 29 months over a period of 14 years between 1986 and 1999 all in exactly the same boulder shore. One of the crab species studied was the xanthid, Eriphia verrucosa (Forskåll, 1775) with 60 specimens, the other species, Xantho poressa (Olivi, 1792), with 155 specimens. A significant change in numbers of both males and females of E. verrucosa was noticeable between 1986 and 1996 with a marked drop in numbers between these years. In 1997 male numbers increased again to almost their previous numbers in the population during 1986. The population of X. poressa declined significantly towards the end of the study period. Numbers of both genders peaked in spring and again, in summer. There was generally a decline in numbers of both crab species during autumn and winter. Thus, the average capture during the seasons was highest in spring for males of both E. verrucosa, and X. poressa. The body dimensions: mass, carapace length (CL) and width (CW) were measured in both xanthids. The aim of this long-term study was to determine whether temporal changes in the population structure and allometric changes in the dimensions of these crabs took place. Only such long-term observations could reveal these changes in population

Cytokines in pathogenesis of salmonella infection

The review examines the contemporary knowledge about immune protection mechanisms with Salmonella infection, and Salmonella ability to struggle against these mechanisms. Principal emphasis was made oncytokine system reactions of innate and adaptive immunity, described in experimental and clinical researches

The Present Day Problems of Infections Diseases with Children

Thearticlereviewsthemajorup-to-dateproblemsconcerning certain aspect of infections diseases treatment in children. Droplet infections, acute gastrointestinal infections, neuroinfections, viral herpes infections and viral hepatitis in children are fully characterized and described in detail. In addition, we give an outline of the ways and attitudes enabling to reduce the incidence and improve the outcomes

Learning from recombinant GH treatment in obesity

peer reviewedObese and untreated growth hormone deficiency (GHD) patients have a number of similar clinical and biological abnormalities. Treatment with recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) in GHD patients has proven effective in beneficially modulating body composition and certain cardiovascular risk factors, thus leading to the hypothesis that administration of rhGH in obese patients could show similar beneficial results. Hyperinsulinism and increased free fatty acid levels are the main factors causing reduced GH release in the setting of obesity. We reviewed the outcomes of 25 adult and paediatric clinical studies carried out in 1987-2009 that examined the effects of rhGH administration in the obese state. Body composition showed mainly a reduction in visceral abdominal fat, whereas total bodyweight increased or remained unchanged. Effects of rhGH on lipid and carbohydrate metabolic profiles in obese patients were heterogeneous. The increasing burden of obesity on one hand, the absence of definitive medical treatment on the other, give rise to grounds for considering rhGH as a possible therapeutic option if not in the general obese population, at least in patients with higher risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality