ANTIOXIDANT AND IMMUNOSTIMULATING ACTIVITY OF POLYSACCHARIDES EXTRACTED FROM CUBED-SNAILFISH (Liparis tessellatus Gilbert & Burke, 1912) EGGS

An optimized enzymatic extraction using protamexTM was established for polysaccharides from Liparis tesellatus eggs (PLE). Total sugars, sulfated glycosaminoglycans, uronic acids, and hexosamines content of PLE were 43.2%, 9.0%, 23.9%, and 1.73%, respectively. Superoxide radical (SOx*) scavenging activity and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH*) scavenging activity of PLE was tested to proof its antioxidant properties. Results on SOx* scavenging activity revealed that PLE has antioxidant activity although it’s not surpass the activity of Ascorbic acid as standard. DPPH* scavenging activity showed that PLE has activity increasing at a concentration-dependent manner. However, at 1.25 mg/ml, the anti-DPPH activities of PLE lowered, possibly due to the pro-oxidant action of the sample. PLE also has effects on NO production of RAW 264.7 cells, suggestive of their possible immunostimulating potential in the human body. On human keratinocyte (HaCaT cell line), HT29 and AGS cells lines, PLE was proofed has no toxicity and showed proliferative effects. This effect showed that PLE could have potency as wound healing promoter. An inference can be made that, PLE has indispensable antioxidant potencies as well as cell proliferating activities on specific cell lines which are deemed necessary in the field of medicine and their utilization as functional food supplements. Keywords: Antioxidant, Fish eggs, Immunostimulator, Liparis tessellatus, Polysaccharides

Effect of ascidian (Halocynthia roretzi, Drasche 1884) tunics carotenoids on enhancing growth and muscle coloring of sea-reared rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum 1792)

A 120 days trial was conducted to investigate the effect of sea squirt (Halocynthia roretzi, Drasche 1884) tunic’s carotenoid to sea-reared rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum 1792) growth and muscle color. Sea-rearing was done at Tongyeong sea area, Korea. Three dietary treatments, namely control (C), CT, and AT, were administered to 6 groups of fish (n = 490-520). C was given basal diet which has contained 40 mg kg−1 of astaxanthin. A further inclusion of 10 mg kg−1 canthaxanthin was added to diet of CT, while AT’s feed was supplemented with 10 mg kg−1 H. roretzi tunics carotenoids extract. The result revealed that AT has the highest final weight (1119.2 ± 82.4 g) compare to those of C (881.0 ± 121.2 g) and CT (1068.2 ± 4.3 g). The specific growth rate (SGR) of AT (1.0 ± 0.07%/day) was significantly higher than C (0.7 ± 0.22%/day) and CT (0.7 ± 0.25%/day) while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) were 1.5 ± 0.6, 1.4 ± 0.6, and 1.2 ± 0.1 for C, CT and AT respectively. The hepatosomatic index (HSI) and Viscerosomatic index (VSI) of all groups showed no significant difference (p > 0.05). The muscle color was also positively affected by the treatments, CT and AT were significantly different from C (p < 005). The initial muscle color score was 1.7 ± 0.0 and the final scores were 3.4 ± 0.2, 5.6 ± 0.1, and 5.7 ± 0.0 for C, CT, and AT respectively. Moreover, muscle carotenoids content of AT (8.5 ± 0.2 mg kg−1) was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than those of CT (6.9 ± 0.3 mg kg−1) and C (6.1 ± 0.2 mg kg−1). Astaxanthin evidently is the most prominent carotenoid present in the muscle from all groups

Antibacterial properties of the microalgae Chaetoceros calcitrans

The antibacterial properties of the microalgae Chaetoceros calcitrans were assessed. Samples of C. calcitrans were first extracted in methanol, and then in different organic solvents of increasing polarity, n-hexane (n-Hex), dichloromethane (DCM) and ethyl acetate (EA) by liquid-liquid extraction. Solvent extracts were screened for antibacterial activity against four species of bacteria: Gram positive, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis; and Gram negative, Escherichia coli and Vibrio harveyi, with Amoxicillin as positive control, N-Hex extract, with significantly lower antibacterial activity than Amoxicillin, showed significantly higher activity than DCM and EA extracts, and least in methanolic extract. High antibacterial activity of n-Hex extract against all the microorganisms indicates that the bioactive components could be non-polar since the activity decreased as the solvent became more polar like methanol, and finally lost in aqueous extract. Results also showed that the extracts have a broad spectrum activity. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of all solvent extracts on all microorganisms tested ranged from 125 to 500 μg.mL-1. Partial purification and characterisation of the extracts confirmed the antibacterial activity in the non-polar fraction, which could be terpenes. The results suggest a good prospect in using C. calcitrans against Vibrio and other bacterial species.We thank the University of the Philippines (UP) System Creative and Research Scholarship Program and UP Visayas In-house Research Fund for funding the project, and SEAFDEC-AQD, Tigbauan, Iloilo, Philippines for the use of their facilities

Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Community Engagement and Education for Sustainable Development

This proceeding contains articles on the various ideas of the academic community presented at The 3rd International Conference on Community Engagement and Education for Sustainable Development (ICCEESD 2022) organized by the Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia on 7th-8th December 2022.  ICCEESD is a biannual forum for sharing, benchmarking, and discussing HEI’s activities in developing Education for Sustainable Development towards community engagement. Education for Sustainability as a teaching strategy for resolving community challenges through formal, informal, or non-formal education is expected to benefit from various community service best practices by academics, researchers, and students. The 3rd ICCEESD has “Strengthening Education for Sustainability Towards Better Community Engagement” as its theme this year. It is expected that the 3rd ICCEESD will provide a forum for the presenters and participants to exchange best practices, policies, and conceptual implementation of Education for Sustainability towards better community engagement and explore ideas to address community needs.  Conference Title: 3rd International Conference on Community Engagement and Education for Sustainable DevelopmentConference Theme: Strengthening Education for Sustainability Towards Better Community EngagementConference Acronyms: ICCEESD 2022Conference Date: 7th-8th December 2022Conference Location: Grand Rohan Jogja Yogyakarta, IndonesiaConference Organizer: Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesi