The Analysis of Novice English Teacher Talk in Junior High School under SETT Framework

In the realm of English teaching, teacher talk stands as a pivotal instructional instrument, serving both as a vital tool for teachers and a primary conduit for knowledge input for students. Effective classroom instruction is intricately woven with the dynamic, two-way interaction between teachers and students, which is expertly guided by the teacher talk. While numerous scholars have delved into the exploration of teacher talk, there remains a dearth of research investigating the specific landscape of novice English teachers’ classroom talk, particularly within the framework of Walsh’s Self-Evaluation of Teacher Talk (SETT). This study addresses this gap by observing the classes of four novice English teachers in junior high schools based on Walsh’s SETT framework to meticulously examine the current state of novice middle school English teachers’ classroom discourse. The objective is to cultivate teachers’ reflective awareness regarding their own discourse in the classroom and enhance their capacity to critically evaluate its efficacy as well as elevating the overall effectiveness of English classroom interactions in the context of secondary education

Pan-cancer analysis of the prevalence and associated factors of lung metastasis and the construction of the lung metastatic classification system

This study first presents an analysis of the prevalence and associated factors of the lung metastasis (LM) database and then uses this analysis to construct an LM classification system. Using cancer patient data gathered from the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results (SEER) database, this study shows that the prevalence of LM is not consistent among different cancers; that is, the prevalence of LM ranges from 0.0013 [brain; 95% confidence interval (95% CI); 0.0010–0.0018] to 0.234 (“other digestive organs”; 95% CI; 0.221–0.249). This study finds that advanced age, poor grade, higher tumor or node stage, and metastases including bone, brain, and liver are positively related to LM occurrence, while female gender, income, marital status, and insured status are negatively related. Then, this study generates four categories from 58 cancer types based on prevalence and influence factors and satisfactorily validates these. This classification system reflects the LM risk of different cancers. It can guide individualized treatment and the management of these synchronous metastatic cancer patients and help clinicians better distribute medical resources

Analysis of the current status and influencing factors of cross-regional hospitalization services utilization by basic medical insurance participants in China − taking a central province as an example

BackgroundThe geographically uneven distribution of healthcare resources has resulted in a dramatic increase of cross-regional hospitalization services in China. The over-use of cross-regional hospitalization services may hinder the utilization and improvement of local hospitalization services. It is of great practical significance to study the utilization of cross-regional hospitalization services and its influencing factors in order to effectively allocate medical resources and guide patients to seek medical treatment rationally. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the current situation and influencing factors of the utilization of cross-regional hospitalization services by patients insured by basic medical insurance in China.MethodsA total of 3,291 cross-provincial inpatients were randomly selected in a central province of China in 2020. The level of medical institutions, hospitalization expenses and actual reimbursement rate were selected as indicators of hospitalization service utilization. Exploratory factor analysis was used to assess the dimensionality of influencing factors and reduce the number of variables, and binomial logistic regression analysis and multiple linear regression analysis to explore the influencing factors of the utilization of cross-regional hospitalization services.ResultsThe proportion of cross-provincial inpatients choosing tertiary hospitals was the highest with average hospitalization expenses of 24,662 yuan and an actual reimbursement rate of 51.0% on average. Patients insured by Urban Employees’ Basic Medical Insurance (UEBMI) were more frequently (92.9% vs. 88.5%) to choose tertiary hospitals than those insured by Urban and Rural Residents’ Basic Medical Insurance (URRBMI), and their average hospitalization expenses (30,727 yuan) and actual reimbursement rate (68.2%) were relatively higher (p < 0.001). The factor “income and security,” “convenience of medical treatment” and “disease severity” had significant effects on inpatients’ selection of medical institution level, hospitalization expenses and actual reimbursement rate, while the factor “demographic characteristics” only had significant effects on hospitalization expenses and actual reimbursement rate.ConclusionCross-provincial inpatients choose tertiary hospitals more frequently, and their financial burdens of medical treatment are heavy. A variety of factors jointly affect the utilization of cross-provincial hospitalization services for insured patients. It is necessary to narrow down the gap of medical treatment between UEBMI and URRBMI patients, and make full use of high-quality medical resources across regions

Case report: An ectopic adrenocortical adenoma in the renal sinus

BackgroundEctopic adrenal tissue is rare in adults, with an incidence of only about 1%. We report a rare case of ectopic adrenocortical adenoma in the left renal sinus.Case PreentationA 57-year-old woman was admitted to the Department of Urology due to “a left kidney tumor” on physical examination. Multislice helical computed tomography (CT) showed the left kidney with an anterior lip mass near the hilum, approximately 2.3 cm × 2.2 cm in size. Preoperative renal artery CT angiography (CTA) showed no obvious abnormality. Laparoscopic resection of the left renal sinus mass was performed, and postoperative pathological findings showed ectopic adrenocortical adenoma. The tumor was a nonfunctional adenoma.ConclusionRenal ectopic adrenal cortical adenoma is rare. Most of them are nonfunctional adenomas, which cannot be clearly diagnosed by preoperative imaging examination and can often be diagnosed by postoperative pathology

Baichuan 2: Open Large-scale Language Models

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance on a variety of natural language tasks based on just a few examples of natural language instructions, reducing the need for extensive feature engineering. However, most powerful LLMs are closed-source or limited in their capability for languages other than English. In this technical report, we present Baichuan 2, a series of large-scale multilingual language models containing 7 billion and 13 billion parameters, trained from scratch, on 2.6 trillion tokens. Baichuan 2 matches or outperforms other open-source models of similar size on public benchmarks like MMLU, CMMLU, GSM8K, and HumanEval. Furthermore, Baichuan 2 excels in vertical domains such as medicine and law. We will release all pre-training model checkpoints to benefit the research community in better understanding the training dynamics of Baichuan 2.Comment: Baichuan 2 technical report. Github: https://github.com/baichuan-inc/Baichuan

Design of a Metasurface with Long Depth of Focus Using Superoscillation

Longitudinal optical field modulation is very important for applications such as optical imaging, spectroscopy, and optical manipulation. It can achieve high-resolution imaging or manipulation of the target object, but it is also limited by its depth of focus. The depth of focus determines whether the target object can be clearly imaged or manipulated at different distances, so extending the depth of focus can improve the adaptability and flexibility of the system. However, how to extend the depth of focus is still a significant challenge. In this paper, we use a super-oscillation phase modulation optimization method to design a polarization-independent metalens with extended focal depth, taking the axial focal depth length as the optimization objective. The optimized metalens has a focal depth of 13.07 μm (about 22.3 λ), and in the whole focal depth range, the transverse full width at half maximum values are close to the Rayleigh diffraction limit, and the focusing efficiency is above 10%. The results of this paper provide a new idea for the design of a metalens with a long focal depth and may have application value in imaging, lithography, and detection

The spatial spillover effect of transportation networks on ecological footprint

In the context of rapid urbanization and regional development worldwide, the efficient and rational spatial distribution of transportation networks is vitally important in achieving sustainable development. In this study, we used an adjusted three-dimensional ecological footprint model (EF3D) to assess regional sustainable development. We explored the driving factors and spatial influence of transportation networks on the EF3D in the urban agglomerations in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River (UAMRYR), China, in 2010 and 2017, integrating the STIRPAT model and spatial econometric model alongside the transportation network in the research framework. The results show that the EF3D has been reduced by 1.46% from 2010 to 2017. Although the overall level of sustainable development in UAMRYR has improved, 94.69% of the county units were still in ecological overshoot in 2017. In addition, population density, GDP per capita and the proportion of non-tertiary industries had positive local influences on EF3D. At the county level, EF3D had positive spatial autocorrelation, and the spatial spillover effect of EF3D was confirmed through the transportation network, indicating that the spatial influence of the transportation network was an important factor in explaining EF3D. Population density and GDP per capita had negative and positive indirect spatial effects, respectively. In the future, the function of transportation systems should be improved to transfer the population pressure of cities and increase natural capital flexibility to reduce the EF and ultimately achieve balanced development

Towards an integrated approach for land spatial ecological restoration zoning based on ecosystem health assessment

Mitigating ecosystem degradation has been a worldwide strategy, and China has been implementing land spatial ecological restoration for an all-around ecological preservation in recent years. A comprehensive diagnosis of the ecosystem health status and an effective division of spatial zoning are essential to formulating and implementing ecological restoration strategies at the regional scale. Here, the ecosystem health index (EHI) was computed for the years 2010 and 2020 using the vigor-organization-resilience model. Then, a three-step statistic-based, spatial continuity-based, and practice-based (SSP) zoning framework was developed to classify land spatial ecological restoration zones with the consideration of ecosystem health status, spatial relation, and local practices. We applied the integrated zoning approach using the urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of Yangtze River (UAMRYR) in China as the study area. The results showed that: (1) the EHI had a slight decreasing trend from 2010 to 2020, with a spatial distribution pattern of healthy, unhealthy, and to healthy from the center to the periphery in the UAMRYR. (2) Eight land spatial ecological restoration zones were designated and adjusted through the SSP zoning framwork to be space-full and practical. Zone VIII accounted for the largest proportion (41.12%), followed by the Zone Ⅰ (21.57%). (3) Finally, corresponding land spatial ecological restoration strategies were proposed for each zone. This study contributes to land spatial ecological restoration zoning and differentiated restoration strategies in the UAMRYR, shedding light on restoration regulation and Sustainable Development Goals achievement in China and global regions with complicated environmental problems

Detection of acute renal allograft rejection by analysis of renal tissue proteomics in rat models of renal transplantation

At present, the diagnosis of renal allograft rejection requires a renal biopsy. Clinical management of renal transplant patients would be improved if rapid, noninvasive and reliable biomarkers of rejection were available. This study is designed to determine whether such protein biomarkers can be found in renal-graft tissue proteomic approach. Orthotopic kidney transplantations were performed using Fisher (F344) or Lewis rats as donors and Lewis rats as recipients. Hence, there were two groups of renal transplant models: one is allograft (from F344 to Lewis rats); another is syngrafts (from Lewis to Lewis rats) serving as control. Renal tissues were collected 3, 7 and 14 days after transplantation. As many as 18 samples were analyzed by 2-D Electrophoresis and mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-TOF-MS). Eleven differentially expressed proteins were identified between groups. In conclusion, proteomic technology can detect renal tissue proteins associated with acute renal allograft rejection. Identification of these proteins as diagnostic markers for rejection in patients′ urine or sera may be useful and non-invasive, and these proteins might serve as novel therapeutic targets that also help to improve the understanding of mechanism of renal rejection