Percolation on interacting networks with feedback-dependency links

When real networks are considered, coupled networks with connectivity and feedback-dependency links are not rare but more general. Here we develop a mathematical framework and study numerically and analytically percolation of interacting networks with feedback-dependency links. We find that when nodes of between networks are lowly connected, the system undergoes from second order transition through hybrid order transition to first order transition as coupling strength increases. And, as average degree of each inter-network increases, first order region becomes smaller and second-order region becomes larger but hybrid order region almost keep constant. Especially, the results implies that average degree \bar{k} between intra-networks has a little influence on robustness of system for weak coupling strength, but for strong coupling strength corresponding to first order transition system become robust as \bar{k} increases. However, when average degree k of inter-network is increased, the system become robust for all coupling strength. Additionally, when nodes of between networks are highly connected, the hybrid order region disappears and the system first order region becomes larger and secondorder region becomes smaller. Moreover, we find that the existence of feedback dependency links between interconnecting networks makes the system extremely vulnerable by comparing non-feedback condition for the same parameters.First author draf

Investigation of Carbon Tax Pilot in YRD Urban Agglomerations—Analysis and Application of a Novel ESER System with Carbon Tax Constraints

AbstractThis paper attempts to explore the dynamic behavior of energy-saving and emission-reduction (ESER) system in Yangtze River Delta (YRD) urban agglomerations, which has not yet been reported in present literature. The novel YRD urban agglomerations carbon tax attractor is achieved. A scenario study is carried out. The results show that, the ESER system in YRD urban agglomerations is superior to the average case in China, in which the impacts on economic growth are almost the same. The economic property of YRD urban agglomerations is the main cause why the ESER system of YRD urban agglomerations being superior

2-Meth­oxy-N′-(2-methoxy­benzyl­idene)benzohydrazide

The title Schiff base compound, C16H16N2O3, was derived from the condensation of 2-methoxy­benzaldehyde with 2-methoxy­benzohydrazide in an ethanol solution. The dihedral angle between the two aromatic rings is 87.5 (3)°. In the crystal structure, the mol­ecules are linked into chains running parallel to the a axis by inter­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds

N′-(4-Hydr­oxy-3-methoxy­benzyl­idene)-4-methoxy­benzohydrazide monohydrate

In the title compound, C16H16N2O4·H2O, the dihedral angle between the two aromatic rings is 19.6 (2)°. In the crystal structure, mol­ecules are linked into a three-dimensional network by inter­molecular N—H⋯O, O—H⋯N and O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds

N′-(5-Bromo-2-hydr­oxy-3-methoxy­benzyl­idene)-4-hydr­oxy-3-methoxy­benzohydrazide dihydrate

In the title compound, C16H15BrN2O5·2H2O, the dihedral angle between the two aromatic rings is 2.9 (2)° and an intra­molecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bond is observed. One of the water mol­ecule is disordered over two positions, with occupancies of 0.83 (3) and 0.17 (3). In the crystal structure, mol­ecules are linked into a three-dimensional network by inter­molecular O—H⋯O, O—H⋯(O,O), O—H⋯N and N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. π–π inter­actions involving Br-substituted benzene rings, with a centroid–centroid distance of 3.552 (3) Å are also observed

Proteome analysis of male accessory gland secretions in oriental fruit flies reveals juvenile hormone-binding protein, suggesting impact on female reproduction

In insects, the accessory gland proteins (Acps) secreted by male accessory glands (MAGs) account for the majority of seminal fluids proteins. Mixed with sperm, they are transferred to the female at mating and so impact reproduction. In this project, we identified 2,927 proteins in the MAG secretions of the oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis, an important agricultural pest worldwide, using LC-MS analysis, and all sequences containing open reading frames were analyzed using signalP. In total, 90Acps were identified. About one third (26) of these 90 Acps had a specific functional description, while the other two thirds (64) had no functional description including dozens of new classes of proteins. Hence, several of these novel Acps were abundant in the MAG secretions, and we confirmed their MAG-specific expression by qPCR. Finally and interestingly, one of these novel proteins was functionally predicted as juvenile hormone-binding protein, suggesting the impact of Acps with reproductive events in the female. Our results will aid in the development of an experimental method to identify Acps in insects, and in turn this information with new Acps in B. dorsalis will pave the way of further exploration their function in reproduction and potential development as new insecticide targets

Ulinastatin May Significantly Improve Postoperative Cognitive Function of Elderly Patients Undergoing Spinal Surgery by Reducing the Translocation of Lipopolysaccharide and Systemic Inflammation

Background: Studies have shown that perioperative inflammatory response is one of the important factors that caused postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). Ulinastatin is a broad-spectrum protease inhibitor that inhibits inflammatory. We investigated the effects of ulinastatin on inflammatory response and early postoperative cognitive function in elderly patients undergoing spinal surgery.Methods: This clinical trial was approved by the Xuanwu Hospital Ethical Committee (Registration number: ChiCTR-IPR-16008931). Sixty elderly patients undergoing elective spinal surgery with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) status of I–II were randomized into ulinastatin and control groups; total intravenous anesthesia was performed. The elderly patients in ulinastatin group underwent intravenous infusion of ulinastatin 10,000 units/kg following anesthesia induction and before surgical incision, and 5000 units/kg on post-operative days 1 and 2. Cognitive function was determined with Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA) test preoperatively and on post-operative day 7 by a neurologist. Serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS), interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), and matrix metalloprotease-9 (MMP-9) concentration levels were measured at baseline, the end of surgery, and on post-operative days 1 and 3.Results: All elderly patients completed the study. Ulinastatin infusion significantly reduced the incidence of POCD in elderly patients undergoing spine surgery (ulinastatin group 16% vs. control group 43%, χ2 = 5.079, P = 0.024, P < 0.05). The elderly patients in ulinastatin group exhibited lower serum LPS, IL-6, CRP, and MMP-9 concentrations, as well as a shortened peak value duration, compared with those in the control group following surgery (P < 0.05).Conclusion: Systemic inflammation and translocation of LPS were inhibited by the infusion of ulinastatin in elderly patients undergoing spinal surgery. The anti-inflammation intervention with ulinastatin can significantly improve the elderly patients’ postoperative cognitive function