The Idea and Scope of Glocal Public Philosophy

[はじめに] 2016年11月8日に、山脇直司氏をお招きして千葉大学公共学会講演会を開催した。来年度（2017 年度）より千葉大学では「人文公共学府」としての改組が行われ、さらなる公共学、公共研究の発展を進めていきたいと考える中、12 年ぶりに山脇先生に千葉大学にお越しいただき、「グローカル公共哲学の意義、役割、射程」というタイトルでお話いただいた

Uniportal VATS Left Lower Lobectomy to Treat Intralobar Pulmonary Sequestration

This video demonstrates a uniportal VATS left lower lobectomy to treat intralobar sequestration. Special attention should be given to the arterial branch that feeds the tumor during dissection. The arterial branch usually comes directly from the descending aorta

Schematic representation of the pyrene-4-maleimide synthesis and structure.

<p>A. Pyrene maleimide structure. B. Pyrene-4-maleimide synthesis route and structure. Ph₃P: triphenylphosphine; DIAD: diisopropyl azodicarboxylate.</p

Emission of pyrene compounds reacted with thiol-modified DNA.

<p>A. Emission spectra of single-stranded DNA containing a 5′ end thiol group (DNA₁₄) reacted with pyrene-4-maleimide. Data were normalized to peak 1 intensity from reduced DNA₁₄. [DNA₁₄] was 0.5 µM, and [pyrene-4-maleimide] was 2 µM. B. Emission spectra of double-stranded DNA reacted with pyrene maleimide. DNA_14-14c: DNA₁₄ annealed to fully complementary DNA with a 3′ end thiol group (DNA_14c). DNA_14-12c: DNA₁₄ annealed to a 3′ end two-base shorter complementary oligonucleotide with a 3′ end thiol group. DNA_14-10c: DNA₁₄ annealed to a 3′ end four-base shorter complementary oligonucleotide with a 3′ end thiol group. C. Emission spectra of double-stranded DNA reacted with pyrene-4-maleimide. Insert: schematic representation of the experimental system showing the double-stranded DNAs labeled with pyrene-4-maleimide. The pyrenes are represented by green rhomboids. Data in panels B and C were normalized to peak 1 intensity. The labels in panel B also apply to panel C. D. Excimer/monomer emission ratio. The values were calculated as: excimer/monomer = I_{peak 4}/I_{peak 1}, where I is the highest intensity of the peak, and peak 1 and peak 4 correspond to the excimer and monomer emission peaks. Averages ± SEM from experiments such as those shown in panels B and C (n = 3 for pyrene maleimide, and n = 4 for pyrene-4-maleimide). The asterisk denotes P<0.05 for the pyrene-4-maleimide DNA_14-14c adduct <i>vs.</i> each of the other adducts presented in panel D. The concentrations of the fluorescent probes and double-stranded DNA were 4 µM and 0.5 µM, respectively.</p

Long lifetime of pyrene-4-maleimide excimer emission.

<p>DNA₁₄: reduced single-stranded DNA₁₄ adduct. DNA_14-14c: double-stranded DNA_14-14c adduct. IRF: instrument response function. The red lines are fits of the data to multi-exponential functions, with the two weighted residuals (R_i) <i>vs.</i> time plots corresponding to the double-stranded (top) and single-stranded (bottom) data fits.</p

The plaster cast assembly was rigidly fixed to the stage of a high-precision triaxial electronic translator.

<p>The translation stage could move linearly along the x-, y-, and z-axes, as well as circularly in three planes (XOY, XOZ, and YOZ) with a recording accuracy of 0.001 mm.</p

The occlusal splint was rigidly attached to a target.

<p>The trajectories of three spots within the target were recorded using the computerized, binocular, 3D trajectory-tracking device.</p

Double-stranded DNA models with pyrene maleimides attached <i>via</i> thiol linkers.

<p>A. Stick representation view along the DNA long axis. Pyrene-4-maleimide attached to DNA_14-14c and DNA_14-12c is shown in green and red, respectively. Pyrene maleimide attached to DNA_14-14c is shown in blue. The 5′ thiol was present in the 14-bp long strand in all cases. The 3′ thiol was present in the 14-bp or 12-bp long complementary strands. B. Stick representation view perpendicular to that in panel A. Only the pyrenes are shown for clarity. Color coding as in panel A. See <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0026691#s3" target="_blank">Materials and Methods</a> for details.</p

The initial positions of the three target spots were shown in red.

<p>The linear trajectories of the three target spots in three directions were shown in white.</p

Plasmon Dephasing in Gold Nanorods Studied Using Single-Nanoparticle Interferometric Nonlinear Optical Microscopy

We report the polarization-dependent and time-resolved photoluminescence (PL) properties of gold nanorods (AuNRs). AuNRs corresponding to three different length-to-diameter aspect ratios (AR)1.86, 2.91, and 3.90were examined using single-nanorod spectroscopy and imaging; the nanorod volume was approximately constant over the three sample types. For each AuNR, an aspect ratio-independent transverse plasmon resonance (TSPR) was detected at 2.41 eV. Aspect-ratio-dependent longitudinal surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) were observed at 2.08 ± 0.19 eV, 1.76 ± 0.12 eV, and 1.53 ± 0.15 eV for the 1.86-AR, 2.91-AR, and 3.90-AR samples, respectively. On the basis of both excitation and emission polarization-resolved two-photon photoluminescence (TPPL) measurements, AuNR PL emission proceeded by plasmon-mediated radiative electron–hole recombination. The resonant LSPR mode frequencies of the nanorods were determined from interferometrically detected TPPL signals. For these measurements, the interpulse time delays of a spectrally broad laser pulse (1.48–1.65 eV) were changed systematically with attosecond time resolution, and the TPPL signal amplitude was recorded. The 1.86-AR AuNR did not support a plasmon mode that was resonant within the laser bandwidth, whereas the 2.91-AR and 3.90-AR samples had LSPR frequencies that overlapped the high- and low-energy components of the excitation pulse. The LSPR frequencies were obtained by Fourier transformation of the time-domain TPPL data and compared to dark-field scattering spectra. The accuracy of the interferometric TPPL measurement for recovering plasmon resonance frequencies was confirmed by polarization-dependent measurements; alignment of the laser electric field parallel to the nanorod major axis was LSPR resonant, whereas projection of the laser pulse into an orthogonal plane was not. Finally, dephasing times (<i>T</i>₂) for resonant plasmon modes were extracted from analysis of interferometric TPPL and second harmonic generation data. These results showed that the dephasing time increased from 22 ± 4 to 31 ± 9 fs as the LSPR resonance energy decreased from 1.76 to 1.53 eV, as a result of less efficient plasmon dephasing due to interband scattering for lower energy resonances. These results demonstrate the capability of interferometric nonlinear optical imaging with single-nanostructure sensitivity for determining structure-specific dephasing times, which influence the efficiency of metal nanoparticle light-harvesting applications. Therefore, interferometric nonlinear optical (NLO) imaging is likely to make a significant impact on the rational design of photonic nanostructures