Supplementary Material for: Rs1520220 and Rs2195239 Polymorphisms of IGF-1 Gene Associated with Histopathological Grades in IgA Nephropathy in Northwestern Chinese Han Population

<b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) plays important roles in cellular proliferation, differentiation, and growth. Previous studies showed that single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of IGF-1 are associated with various diseases. This case-control study aimed to examine the relationship between IGF-1 polymorphisms and IgA nephropathy (IgAN) risk in a Chinese Han population. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We recruited 351 IgAN patients and 310 healthy controls from Northwestern China. Sequenom MassARRAY was utilized to examine the genotypes of two common IGF-1 SNPs (rs1520220 and rs2195239). Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated by the Chi square test to evaluate the associations between IGF-1 and IgAN. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Our study demonstrated that IGF-1 gene rs1520220 and rs2195239 polymorphisms did not confer susceptibility to IgAN. We found no correlation between gender, blood pressure, proteinuria, eGFR, and IgAN in both SNPs. However, the rs1520220 and rs2195239 variants were correlated with M1 and E1 in patients with IgAN (M0/M1: CC vs. CG+GG: OR = 1.62, <i>P</i> = 0.04; E0/E1: CC vs. CG+GG: OR = 1.95, <i>P</i> = 0.004; GG vs. GC+CC: OR = 1.90, <i>P</i> = 0.004, respectively). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> These results indicate that IGF-1 gene polymorphisms play crucial roles in the histopathological progression of IgAN in the Chinese Han population

Supplementary Material for: Clinical Profile and Prognostic Significance of Atrial Fibrillation in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

<b><i>Objectives:</i></b> The clinical outcomes of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) are largely unpredictable. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between atrial fibrillation (AF) and its prognostic implications in Chinese patients with HCM. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> From 1999 to 2011, 654 unrelated HCM patients were consecutively recruited at Fuwai Hospital. Medical history, including electrocardiographic and echocardiographic data, was analyzed. <b><i>Results:</i></b> AF was documented in 158 patients (24%). During follow-up of 4.2 ± 2.8 years, Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that the presence of AF was associated with an increased risk for all-cause death (p = 0.001), cardiovascular death (p < 0.001), severe heart failure (p < 0.001) and ischemic stroke (p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis identified AF as an independent predictor of stroke-related death (HR 6.71, 95% CI 1.23-38.58, p = 0.03), advanced heart failure (HR 1.83, 95% CI 1.04-3.22, p = 0.04) and ischemic stroke (HR 9.98, 95% CI 4.06-24.53, p < 0.001). Furthermore, enlarged left atrial diameter was positively related to all-cause death (HR 1.09, 95% CI 1.05-1.13, p < 0.001), cardiovascular death (HR 1.08, 95% CI 1.04-1.20, p < 0.001) and development of advanced heart failure (HR 1.05, 95% CI 1.01-1.10, p = 0.01). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> AF predicts poor outcomes for patients with HCM. Left atrial dilation is also related to an adverse prognosis and provides additional prognostic information