Tuberculose bovine et conséquences associées dans la commune rurale de Tanghin-Dassouri au Burkina Faso

La tuberculose bovine est une zoonose majeure causée par la bactérie Mycobacterium bovis. C’est une maladie à fort impact hygiénique et économique. Cette étude a eu pour objectif d’évaluer la prévalence de la tuberculose bovine à travers les saisies de 2018 à 2020 sur l’aire d’abattage de Yimdi avec les conséquences économiques et les comportements à risque associés à cette zoonose dans la commune rurale de Tanghin-Dassouri au Burkina Faso. Ainsi, une étude de cohorte rétrospective a été réalisée. Les pertes économiques et les comportements à risque envers cette zoonose ont été déterminés par un questionnaire. Sur les 35 796 bovins abattus, 722 poumons ont été saisies soit une prévalence de 2,0±0,2% de saisies partielles de poumons liées à la tuberculose. Aucune carcasse de bovin n’a été totalement saisie. Les pertes économiques ont été évaluées à 2 166 000 FCFA. Les comportements à risque les plus fréquemment observés chez les humains ont été la vente des protéines animales insalubres, la consommation de la viande et des abats mal cuits et la consommation de lait cru ou de lait caillé non pasteurisés et de fromage frais. Au regard de ces résultats et pour une meilleure sécurité sanitaire des denrées alimentaires d’origine animale, cette étude doit être élargie aux autres abattoirs et aires d’abattage du Burkina Faso avec une implication effective de toutes les municipalités dans la lutte contre les abattages clandestins. La confirmation au laboratoire et une sensibilisation des bouchers sur les risques de transmissions zoonotiques de la tuberculose sont nécessaires.   English title: Bovine tuberculosis and associated consequences in the rural commune of Tanghin-Dassouri in Burkina Faso Bovine tuberculosis is a major zoonotic disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium bovis. It is a disease with a high hygienic and economic impact. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of bovine tuberculosis through seizures from 2018 to 2020 on the Yimdi slaughter area with the economic consequences and risk behaviours associated with this zoonotic disease in the rural commune of Tanghin-Dassouri in Burkina Faso. Thus, a retrospective cohort study was conducted. Economic losses and risk behaviours towards this zoonosis were determined by a questionnaire. Of the 35,796 cattle slaughtered, 722 lungs were seized, representing a prevalence of 2.0±0.2% partial TB-related lung seizures. No cattle carcasses were fully seized. Economic losses were estimated at 2,166,000 FCFA. The most common risk behaviours observed in humans were the sale of unhealthy animal proteins, the consumption of undercooked meat and offal, and the consumption of unpasteurized raw or curdled milk and fresh cheese. In the light of these results and in order to improve the safety of foodstuffs of animal origin, this study should be extended to other slaughterhouses and slaughter areas in Burkina Faso with the effective involvement of all municipalities in the fight against illegal slaughter. Laboratory confirmation and awarenessraising of butchers on the risks of zoonotic transmission of tuberculosis are necessary

Preliminary results of official influenza and acute respiratory infection surveillance in two towns of Burkina Faso, 2013–2015

Abstract Background In 2010, influenza, influenza-like illness (ILI) and acute respiratory infection (ARI) surveillance was established by the government of Burkina Faso. We provide preliminary descriptive results from this surveillance activity. Methods The study period was 2013 through 2015. Two primary healthcare facilities in Bobo-Dioulasso district reported ILI in outpatients. Influenza virology, using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR), was available for a proportion of ILI patients. One hospital, in the capital Ouagadougou, reported ARI in both outpatients and inpatients (hospitalized). Inpatients admitted with ARI were considered severe ARI (SARI). We estimated the proportion of primary care outpatient visits that were ILI, and the proportion of those that were due to influenza, by age. We estimated the proportion of hospital outpatient visits that were ARI and the proportion of those that were SARI, by age. Results Among combined outpatient visits in the Bobo-Dioulasso facilities, 19.6% were for ILI. One half (49.9%) of outpatient visits in infants and 30.9% in 1–4 year-olds were ILI. Among ILI outpatient visits 14.8% were due to influenza virus and, of these, 58.5% were type A and 41.5% type B. At the Ouagadougou hospital, 6.7% of outpatient visits were ARI, and 22.3% of those were SARI. The highest proportions of ARI were among infants (19.8%) and 1–4 year-olds (16.0%). The proportion of ARI that was SARI was highest among ≥15 year-olds (31.5%) followed by 1–4 year-olds (22.4%). Overall, 4.1% of SARI patients died. Conclusions These preliminary data indicate the importance of respiratory infections among health care attendances in Burkina Faso, and influenza may be an important contributor to these

Coinfections with SARS‐CoV‐2 variants and influenza virus during the 2019 Coronavirus disease pandemic in Burkina Faso: A surveillance study

Abstract Background and Aim Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) particularly the variants of concern coinfections with influenza is a public health concern in Africa. We aimed to characterize the SARS‐CoV‐2 variants and determine the rate of coinfections with influenza in Burkina Faso. Methods COVID‐19 surveillance study was conducted between August 2021 and January 2022 using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). Positive specimens were further screened for SARS‐CoV‐2 variants using the multiple variants real‐time PCR kits. In addition, influenza virus strains were detected by RT‐PCR in SARS‐CoV‐2 positive specimens using the CDC primers, probes, and protocols. Results Of 324 specimens assessed, the Omicron and Delta variants of SARS‐CoV‐2 were the most prevalent with 27.2% [95% confident interval (CI): 22.5–32.4] and 22.2% [95% CI: 17.9–27.2], respectively. The Beta and Gamma variants were detected in 4.3% [95% CI: 2.4–7.1] and 0.3% [95% CI: 0.0–1.7], respectively. Coinfections of Omicron and Beta variants were reported in 21.3% [95% CI: 17.0–26.2], Omicron and Delta variants in 1.2% [95% CI: 0.3–3.1] of specimens, and the Omicron–Gamma variants' coinfections in 0.6% [95% CI: 0.1–2.2]. One COVID‐19 specimen with an undetected SARS‐CoV‐2 variant was also tested positive for the seasonal influenza A (H3N2) virus. No cases of pandemic influenza A (H1N1)pdm09, seasonal A/H1N1, and influenza B were detected. Conclusions The current World Health Organization SARS‐CoV‐2 variants of concern were prevalent and their coinfections with influenza were uncommon. Continuous surveillance of both pathogens is, however, needed because of their public health implications

Dengue Fever in Burkina Faso, 2016

We report 1,327 probable cases of dengue in Burkina Faso in 2016. Of 35 serum samples tested by a trioplex test, 19 were confirmed dengue virus (DENV)‒positive: 11 DENV-2, 6 DENV-3, 2 nontypeable, and 1 DENV-2/DENV-3 co-infection. Molecular testing should be conducted to correctly identify causative agents in this complex infectious disease landscape