4 research outputs found
Pragmatic economic valuation of adaptation risk and responses across scales Case study in Vietnam
Vietnam is one of the countries particularly vulnerable to climate change. Increased temperatures, increased salinity intrusion due to sea-level rise and altering precipitation patterns significantly affect livelihood options of smallholder farmers, resulting in losses in agricultural production. These impacts are projected to become increasingly severe, hence, adaptation to climate change and sensitivity needs to be assessed and adaptation measures taken. This study provides a vulnerability assessment based on the results for exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity. This includes present and projected future climatic conditions and hazards, crop suitability analyses and socioeconomic assessments on a district scale. In addition, a case study is presented focusing on the two provinces of Tra Vinh and Ben Tre, identified as highly vulnerable in the Mekong Delta area. The case study shows opportunities, economic trade-offs and barriers of adoption of climate-smart agriculture (CSA) practices to adapt to progressive climate change
Efficacy and safety of zeroâfluoroscopy ablation of ventricular arrhythmias originating from the right ventricular outflow tract: Comparison with fluoroscopyâguided ablation without a threeâdimensional electroanatomic mapping system
Abstract Background Radiofrequency catheter ablation is the preferred treatment choice for ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) originating from right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) in symptomatic patients and is usually performed under fluoroscopy guidance. Zeroâfluoroscopy (ZF) ablations using 3D mapping system applied for treatment of various types of arrhythmias are trending and practiced in many centers around the world, but rarely done in Vietnam. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of zeroâfluoroscopy ablation of RVOT VAs, compared with fluoroscopyâguided ablation without a 3D electroanatomic mapping (EAM) system. Methods and Results We conducted a nonrandomized, prospective singleâcenter study including 114 patients with RVOT VAs that had electrocardiographic features of typical left bundle branch block, inferior axis QRS morphology, and a precordial transitionââ„âV3, from May 2020 to July 2022. The patients were assigned (without randomization) to two different approaches of either zeroâfluoroscopy ablation under the guidance of the Ensite system (ZF group) or fluoroscopyâguided ablation without a 3D EAM (fluoroscopy group) in a 1:1 ratio. After a followâup time of 5.0â±â4.9âmonths and 6.9â±â9.3âmonths in the ZF and fluoroscopy groups, respectively, the results showed a higher success rate in the fluoroscopy group than in the complete ZF group (87.3% vs 86.8%), although the difference was not statistically significant. No major complication was noted in both the groups. Conclusion ZF ablation for RVOT VAs can be done safely and effectively using the 3D electroanatomic mapping system. The results of ZF approach are comparable to that of the fluoroscopyâguided approach without a 3D EAM system
Relationship between serum TNF-α, IL-6, and IL- 10 levels and disease severity, and changes in the cytokines after treatment in patients with bacterial community-acquired pneumonia
Introduction
The role of some cytokines, such as interleukin (IL) and
tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), in serum in community-acquired pneumonia
(CAP) has been mentioned. There are few results on changes in serum
cytokines in patients with bacterial CAP. This study aimed at the relationship
between serum TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 levels, disease severity, and changes in
serum cytokines in patients with bacterial CAP.
Methods
A descriptive follow-up study was conducted on 78 hospitalized
patients with CAP. Serum IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α levels were measured by
fluorescence covalent microbead immunosorbent assay technique. Changes
in serum cytokine levels were measured on admissionâs first and seventh day.
Results
TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 medians were 0.76, 2.15, and 1.18 pg/
mL, respectively. There was no difference in interleukin levels between the two
groups, namely those aged 0.05).
The levels of IL-10 in patients with Gram-positive bacteria pneumonia were
significantly higher than those with Gram-negative bacteria (2.23 pg/mL
vs 1.15 pg/mL, respectively, p=0.03). Logistic regression analysis revealed
that IL-10 (OR=0.92; 95% CI: 0.86â0.99, p=0.03) was associated with the
prognosis of disease severity. IL-6 levels decreased statistically on day 7 after
treatment (1.12 pg/mL vs 2.15 pg/mL, p=0.003). The change in TNF-α and
IL-10 after treatment was not significant (p>0.05).
Conclusions
Serum IL-10 levels during hospitalization time are related
to the prognosis of disease severity. After 7 days of treatment, IL-6 levels
decreased statistically; however, TNF-α and IL-10 levels did not change