Evaluation Of Agronomic Traits And Adaptation Of Some Promising Salt Tolerant Rice Lines/Varieties Growing In The Coastal Areas In Thanh Hoa Province, Vietnam

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the main food in Vietnam and plays an important role in economic activity in this country. However, rice yield and growing areas are adversely influenced by the threats of the devastation caused by the rise of sea level. This study aimed to evaluate the salt effects in field experiments of 19 promising salt tolerance rice lines/varieties carrying QTL/Saltol, which were selected from the BC2F5 breeding combination between FL479 and Bac Thom 7 (BC7). The field experiments were conducted in two consecutive seasons at three saline-affected rice growing areas, including Nga Son, Hoang Hoa and Quang Xuong districts, Thanh Hoa province. The results showed that among those promising rice lines, the HL15 line had the best yield components in all experimented sites, and good agronomic traits with short plant height and shorter growth duration than the BC7 variety (115-117 days) in the spring season and 102-103 days in the summer season, respectively. All tested had the same level of pest resistance/infection as the control variety BT7 under production conditions using pesticides including HL1, HL13 and HL15, which were mildly infected with the bacterial leaf blight, while HL15 variety showed high resistance to pests and diseases. Moreover, the HL2, HL15 and HL19 lines had scored 3, equivalent to FL478 (tolerant), and the survival rate was over 85% compared with the control variety. Overall, our findings showed that the promising purebred variety HL15 had a range of good agronomic characteristics, resistance to major pests and diseases, high yield potential and salinity tolerance of 6‰. The HL15 variety was renamed as SHPT15 and continued to conduct procedures to recognize it as a new rice variety

HYBRID END-TO-END APPROACH INTEGRATING ONLINE LEARNING WITH FACE-IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM

To date, facial recognition has been one of the most intriguing, interesting research topics over years. It requires some specific face-based algorithms such as facial detection, facial alignment, facial representation, and facial recognition as well; however, all of these algorithms derive from heavy deep learning architectures that cause limitations for development, scalability, flawed accuracy, and deployment into publicity with mere CPU servers. It also calls for large datasets containing hundreds of thousands of records for training purposes. In this paper, we propose a full pipeline for an effective face recognition application which only uses a small Vietnamese celebrity dataset and CPU for training that can solve the leakage of data and the need for GPU devices. It is based on a face vector-to-string tokens algorithm then saves face’s properties into Elasticsearch for future retrieval, so the problem of online learning in Facial Recognition is also tackled. Comparison with another popular algorithm on the dataset, our proposed pipeline not only outweighs the accuracy counterpart, but it also achieves a very speedy time inference for a real-time face recognition application

Comparative study on vision based rice seed varieties identification

Abstract-This paper presents a system for automated classification of rice variety for rice seed production using computer vision and image processing techniques. Rice seeds of different varieties are visually very similar in color, shape and texture that make the classification of rice seed varieties at high accuracy challenging. We investigated various feature extraction techniques for efficient rice seed image representation. We analyzed the performance of powerful classifiers on the extracted features for finding the robust one. Images of six different rice seed varieties in northern Vietnam were acquired and analyzed. Our experiments have demonstrated that the average accuracy of our classification system can reach 90.54% using Random Forest method with a simple feature extraction technique. This result can be used for developing a computer-aided machine vision system for automated assessment of rice seeds purity

HYBRID END-TO-END APPROACH INTEGRATING ONLINE LEARNING WITH FACE-IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM

peer reviewedFacial recognition has been one of the most intriguing and exciting research topics over the last few years. It involves multiple face-based algorithms such as facial detection, facial alignment, facial representation, and facial recognition. However, all of these algorithms are derived from large deep-learning architectures, leading to limitations in development, scalability, accuracy, and deployment for public use with mere CPU servers. Also, large data sets that contain hundreds of thousands of records are often required for training purposes. In this paper, we propose a complete pipeline for an effective face-recognition application that requires only a small dataset of Vietnamese celebrities and a CPU for training, solving the problem of data leakage, and the need for GPU devices.The pipeline is based on the combination of a conversion algorithm from face vectors to string tokens and the indexing & retrieval process by Elasticsearch, thereby tackling the problem of online learning in facial recognition. Compared with other popular algorithms on the same data set, our proposed pipeline not only outperforms the counterpart in terms of accuracy but also delivers faster inference, which is essential to real-time applications

A Multicentre Molecular Analysis of Hepatitis B and Blood-Borne Virus Coinfections in Viet Nam

Hepatitis B (HBV) infection is endemic in Viet Nam, with up to 8.4 million individuals estimated to be chronically infected. We describe results of a large, multicentre seroepidemiological and molecular study of the prevalence of HBV infection and blood-borne viral coinfections in Viet Nam. Individuals with varying risk factors for infection (n = 8654) were recruited from five centres; Ha Noi, Hai Phong, Da Nang, Khanh Hoa and Can Tho. A mean prevalence rate of 10.7% was observed and levels of HBsAg were significantly higher in injecting drug users (IDUs) (17.4%, n = 174/1000) and dialysis patients (14.3%, n = 82/575) than in lower-risk groups (9.4%; p<0.001). Coinfection with HIV was seen in 28% of HBV-infected IDUs (n = 49/174) and 15.2% of commercial sex workers (CSWs; n = 15/99). HCV infection was present in 89.8% of the HBV-HIV coinfected IDUs (n = 44/49) and 40% of HBV-HIV coinfected CSWs (n = 16/40). Anti-HDV was detected in 10.7% (n = 34/318) of HBsAg positive individuals. Phylogenetic analysis of HBV S gene (n = 187) showed a predominance of genotype B4 (82.6%); genotypes C1 (14.6%), B2 (2.7%) and C5 (0.5%) were also identified. The precore mutation G1896A was identified in 35% of all specimens, and was more frequently observed in genotype B (41%) than genotype C (3%; p<0.0001). In the immunodominant ‘a’ region of the surface gene, point mutations were identified in 31% (n = 58/187) of sequences, and 2.2% (n = 4/187) and 5.3% (n = 10/187) specimens contained the major vaccine escape mutations G145A/R and P120L/Q/S/T, respectively. 368 HBsAg positive individuals were genotyped for the IL28B SNP rs12979860 and no significant association between the IL28B SNP and clearance of HBsAg, HBV viral load or HBeAg was observed. This study confirms the high prevalence of HBV infection in Viet Nam and also highlights the significant levels of blood-borne virus coinfections, which have important implications for hepatitis-related morbidity and development of effective management strategies

SOME TERPENE COMPOUNDS ISOLATED FROM CALLICARPA MACROPHYLLA (L.) SPECIES IN VIETNAM

Callicarpa macrophylla L. (Tu Chau la to) usually used in Vietnam traditional medicine for gastrointestinal bleeding, nosebleeds, in addition, it is also used for treating osteoarthritis pain. Phytochemical investigation of the n-hexan and ethyl acetate extract of Callicarpa macrophylla L. led to the isolation of β-sitosterol (1), β-sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), stigmasta-7,22-dien-3β-ol (3), β-amyrin (4), ent-1α-acetoxy-7β,14α-dihydroxy-kaur-16-en-15-on (5) và ent-7β,16,17,18-tetrahydroxy-kaur-16-en-15-on (6). Their chemical structures were determined by spectroscopic methods including MS, 1D, 2D NMR and comparing with those reported in previous papers. Three compounds 4, 5, 6 were isolated for the first time from Callicarpa macrophylla  plant

Determining demand for water, water supply and drainage balance to wastewater reuse for urbans in Vietnam

Wastewater reuse is very important in ensuring a stable water supply for the socio-economic development of cities in the future. That is even more meaningful for areas affected by climate change erratic, hot, arid, scarce and polluted due to different causes. Specifically, many regions and urban areas in Vietnam have not been proactive in water resources upstream; runoff through agricultural, industrial and urban areas contaminated by farming, industrial waste, wastewater and municipal solid waste. Based on published studies on the role and situation of wastewater reuse in urbans, as well as on legal documents Vietnam's current management related to wastewater drainage and reuse, the article presents how to calculate and determine the water demand in urban areas for calculating capacity of water supply plants; to set up the balance diagram of water supply and drainage for all types of urban areas (from special to grade V urbans) and the balance diagram of water supply and drainage in the works. The research results will be considered as a scientific basis for state management agencies as well as local authorities to appropriately and effectively use in formulating strategic orientations and objectives for urban water supply and drainage management in Vietnam urban areas

Optimization of Microwave-Assisted Extraction Process of Callicarpa candicans (Burm. f.) Hochr Essential Oil and Its Inhibitory Properties against Some Bacteria and Cancer Cell Lines

Callicarpa candicans (Burm. f.) Hochr. (Callicarpa cana L.) is a medicinal plant that is distributed mainly in the tropics and subtropics of Asia and finds a wide range of uses in traditional medicine. In this study, we attempted and optimized the microwave-assisted hydro-distillation (MAHD) process to obtain essential oil from the leaves of C. candicans. In addition, the obtained oil was analyzed for volatile composition by gas chromatography&ndash;mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and assayed for bioactivity against several bacteria and cancer cell lines. To optimize the extraction process, response surface methodology (RSM) in combination with central composite design (CCD) was adopted. Experimental design and optimization were carried out with respect to three experimental factors including the ratio of water to raw material, extraction time, and microwave power. The optimal extraction conditions were obtained as follows: water to raw material ratio of 6/1 (v/w), extraction time 42 min, and microwave power 440 W. Composition determination of the obtained C. candicans essential oil indicated the presence of predominant components including caryophyllene &lt;b-&gt; (10.45%), cadinene &lt;d-&gt; (10.28%), gurjunene &lt;a-&gt; (8.95%), muurolene &lt;g-&gt; (8.92%), selinene &lt;a-&gt; (7.06%), selinene &lt;b-&gt; (5.59%), and copaene &lt;a-&gt; (5.40%). In comparison with the essential oils obtained via traditional hydro-distillation method, the essential oil extracted by MAHD exhibited superior anti-proliferative activity on all tested cancer cell lines. Current results imply that the MAHD is capable of recovering biologically-active natural products of greater quantity than that recovered by the conventional distillation

Decorating of Ag and CuO on ZnO Nanowires by Plasma Electrolyte Oxidation Method for Enhanced Photocatalytic Efficiency

In this work, photocatalytic performance is divulged in the ternary CuO-Ag-ZnO nanowire synthesized via a two-step approach. The decoration of Ag and CuO nanostructures onto the surface of ZnO nanowires was simply carried out by using the plasma electrolytic oxidation method in a short time. The structure, size, morphology, and optical properties of as-prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, and spectrophotometry measurements. The diameters of Ag nanoparticles and ZnO nanoflowers are in the range of 5–20 nm and 20–60 nm, respectively. Within the first 15 min, methyl orange was decolorized 96.3 and 82.8% in the CuO-Ag-ZnO and Ag-ZnO, respectively, and there is only about 46.7% of that decomposed in pure ZnO. The CuO-Ag-ZnO shows a higher rate constant k = 0.2007 min−1 and a lower half-life time t = 6.1 min compared to Ag-ZnO and bare ZnO nanowires. The photo-reusability of the ternary nanostructures was estimated to be much outweighed compared to ZnO nanowires. Interestingly, the synergic incorporation between noble metal–semiconductor or semiconductor–semiconductor in the interfaces of Ag-CuO, Ag-ZnO, and CuO-ZnO expands the visible light absorption range and eliminates the photogenerated electron–hole recombination, resulting in a superior visible-light-driven photocatalyst