Updating the Title I Needs Assessment and Project Proposal for the 1978-79 School Year

The field experience consisted of updating the needs assessment and the Title I Project Proposal for the 1978-79 school year for Pittsfield Community Unit District #10. One measure of the level of achievement for the students was the use of the 1977 results of the annual testing program. Test scores from the Metropolitan Readiness Test for grade one, the S.R.A. Achievement Test for grades two through eight, and the California Achievement Test for grades nine through twelve were used. For grades one through eight students were classified as at or above grade level, .5 grade below grade level, 1.0 grade below grade level, 1.5 grades below grade level, 2.0 grades below grade level, or 2.0+ grades below grade level. Information concerning grades nine through twelve was received from the guidance counselor. Those students in grades one through three who are more than .5 grade below grade level are considered to be eligible for the Title I Program. Students in grades four through twelve should be more than 1.0 grade below grade level to be considered eligible for Title I. A second source of information was a teacher survey form that was prepared by the writer. On the survey form the classroom teachers were asked to evaluate their students according to the three objectives that are listed in the Title I Project Proposal. The objectives concern achievement, self-concept and attitude toward school. In addition the teachers were asked to identify learning disabled and educationally handicapped students according to grade level and level of achievement. Data from the two sources were compared and were used in the preparation of the needs assessment. The needs assessment was written in a form that was similar to the form that was used previously. The eligibility of the attendance centers for Title I funds was determined by the use of data concerning free and reduced lunches as an indication of the number of children from low income families. The percent of children from low income families for the entire district was determined. Each attendance center in the district had to meet or exceed the percent of children from low income families for the district in order to be eligible for Title I funds. The budget and the expenditures from last year were considered in preparing the budget for 1978-79. Job descriptions were included for the secretary and the Title I teachers for the first time. The number of Title I participants was estimated from past enrollments. Except for the needs assessment, Part II of the Title I Project Proposal remained basically the same. Changes concerned the inclusion of secondary English for East Pike High School and the mandated change in the testing program. The Title I Project Proposal was presented to the Parent Advisory Council

Alien Registration- Thompson, Emma M. (Limestone, Aroostook County)

https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/35213/thumbnail.jp

Heads, shoulders, knees and toes: Exploring bodies, body parts and personhood in late Neolithic Malta through funerary taphonomy

This research addresses the body and personhood in late Neolithic Malta (c. 3600–2300 cal BC) by reconstructing funerary practices at two collective burial sites: the Xemxija Tombs (Malta) and Xagħra Circle (Gozo). The range and sequence of funerary practices are identified through implementing taphonomic analysis to classify the condition and modification of bone and explore dominant trends in depositional practice. Although the extensive disarticulation and fragmentation of remains has received considerable attention, the timing of post-mortem interactions has been largely overlooked. Yet, the temporality of mortuary practices is crucial for understanding the social dimension of the process of death and dying, revealing how the identity of the dead is transformed. This work further explores how mortuary rites responded to understandings of the body held during life. To do so, the treatment of the dead body is placed in its social context, integrating burial treatment, bioarchaeological evidence and material culture—particularly the corpus of anthropomorphic figurines—to provide a new interpretation of personhood in late Neolithic Malta. Analysing the full assemblage of human remains from six rock-cut tombs at Xemxija, and between 9.3–100% of the assemblage from 16 contexts at the Xagħra Circle, this research finds a predominant practice of primary interment and subsequent disarticulation in most burial spaces. Disarticulation typically focussed on the selective removal of crania and long bones, and long bones are demonstrated to have been removed from the Xemxija Tombs. Careful analysis shows this was an extended process, in which the memory of the dead was maintained over several generations and social death was prolonged. Significantly, this practice was inclusive of individuals from foetal to old adult in age and was not biased according to sex. Aligning the life-course with the death-course, a pervasive interest in modifying the body is evident. The fragmentation of dead bodies and figurines indicates bodily partibility enacted across multiple media. These new results reveal corporeal practices which extended from life into interactions with the dead. However, in all contexts, the body is figured and constructed in diverse ways, revealing that personhood was founded on difference. Altogether, bodies are shown to be complex and multiple entities in both life and death, and the integration of bodies in their varied forms was significant. This research offers new insights into the ‘body worlds’ of Neolithic Malta which has implications for understanding socio-political dynamics. This thesis demonstrates the significance of a holistic analysis of bodies and personhood in the past.This research was funded by the Arts and Humanities Research Council, FRAGSUS ERC Project FP7 'Ideas' (Advanced Grant 323727), and Magdalene College (Cambridge

Left Out: A Revealing Look Into the Everyday Fashion Choices of Individuals With Mobility Disabilities

Based on interviews with individuals with mobility disabilities, this thesis argues the lack of mainstream clothing available and the geriatric style of clothing often associated with physical disability is largely a result of the embedded notion that disability is a problem to be solved by the individual – a perspective influenced by the medical sociology of disability. As appearance plays a role in interactions, the stereotypes surrounding physical disability are perpetuated by an appearance that cannot be changed due to the absence of clothing one might desire to wear

Updating the Title I Needs Assessment and Project Proposal for the 1978-79 School Year

The field experience consisted of updating the needs assessment and the Title I Project Proposal for the 1978-79 school year for Pittsfield Community Unit District #10. One measure of the level of achievement for the students was the use of the 1977 results of the annual testing program. Test scores from the Metropolitan Readiness Test for grade one, the S.R.A. Achievement Test for grades two through eight, and the California Achievement Test for grades nine through twelve were used. For grades one through eight students were classified as at or above grade level, .5 grade below grade level, 1.0 grade below grade level, 1.5 grades below grade level, 2.0 grades below grade level, or 2.0+ grades below grade level. Information concerning grades nine through twelve was received from the guidance counselor. Those students in grades one through three who are more than .5 grade below grade level are considered to be eligible for the Title I Program. Students in grades four through twelve should be more than 1.0 grade below grade level to be considered eligible for Title I. A second source of information was a teacher survey form that was prepared by the writer. On the survey form the classroom teachers were asked to evaluate their students according to the three objectives that are listed in the Title I Project Proposal. The objectives concern achievement, self-concept and attitude toward school. In addition the teachers were asked to identify learning disabled and educationally handicapped students according to grade level and level of achievement. Data from the two sources were compared and were used in the preparation of the needs assessment. The needs assessment was written in a form that was similar to the form that was used previously. The eligibility of the attendance centers for Title I funds was determined by the use of data concerning free and reduced lunches as an indication of the number of children from low income families. The percent of children from low income families for the entire district was determined. Each attendance center in the district had to meet or exceed the percent of children from low income families for the district in order to be eligible for Title I funds. The budget and the expenditures from last year were considered in preparing the budget for 1978-79. Job descriptions were included for the secretary and the Title I teachers for the first time. The number of Title I participants was estimated from past enrollments. Except for the needs assessment, Part II of the Title I Project Proposal remained basically the same. Changes concerned the inclusion of secondary English for East Pike High School and the mandated change in the testing program. The Title I Project Proposal was presented to the Parent Advisory Council

Alien Registration- Lawrence, Emma (Portland, Cumberland County)

https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/21434/thumbnail.jp

Assay of growth hormone and gonadotrophins in relation to clinical problems

Since the early 1900's, many investigators have studied the effects of pituitary ablation and the mode of action of the hypophyseal hormones. Initially, work was mainly directed towards the purification and bioassay of the various hormones, although the effects of hormone administration were also studied. Recently, attempts have been made to synthesise some of the hormones. The aim of this thesis is to describe a series of studies undertaken in an attempt to develop new assay methods for growth hormone and the gonadotropins and the application of these procedures. (89) An investigation of the bioassay for growth hormone depending on the increase in tibial epiphyseal cartilage width in immature hypophysectomised rats has shown that the method is not specific and is of low sensitivity. The procedure has been used to compare the potency of pituitary extracts from different species and to provide a measure of the effect on body growth and on cartilage width of two synthetic compounds and of nerve section. A dithiocarbamoylhydrazine derivative, Compound 33» 828 (I.C.I.) was found to have a markedly inhibitory effect on general body growth and cartilage width, possibly due to the toxicity of the compound. A synthetic polypeptide, Ciba 50920-Ba which is claimed to have an adrenocorticotrophic hormone-like action on the adrenal, had no marked effect on cartilage growth. It has also been shown that the artificial induction of muscular atrophy in young rats by section of the sciatic nerve did not interfere with cartilage growth and that the administration of pituitary hormones to animals treated in this way was without effect. (166) A haemagglutination-inhibition method has been developed for the assay of growth hormone and has proved to be sensitive and highly specific. When estimates of the growth hormone potency of standard pituitary preparations were made by both the bioassay described above and the immunological method, similar results were obtained. The immunological procedure was, however, found not to be sufficiently sensitive for clinical application. A latex particle agglutination-inhibition method for the quantitative determination of human chorionic gonadotrophin has also been developed. This again proved to be unsuitable for clinical application. (88) The pyruvic acid oontent of the immature rat ovary, both prior to and following gonadotrophic stimulation, was estimated by two different methods. A marked rise in pyruvic acid was noted following initial stimulation with pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin, but this rapidly fell to a low level which could not be altered by further gonadotrophic stimulation. The relationship between pyruvic acid and gonadotrophic stimulation is discussed. (65) The studies reported in this thesis have shown that the methods available for the quantitative determination of growth hormone and gonadotrophins axe not entirely satisfactory because of poor sensitivity or lack of specificity. However, despite these limitations, useful information can be obtained by these procedures although it is clear that they are not suitable for clinical application. The development of more sensitive and specific methods for the estimation of these hormones is therefore necessary and it is suggested that future work in this field should be directed towards this end

What if something goes wrong? A grounded theory study of parents’ decision-making processes around mode of breech birth at term gestation

Objective. To explore factors that influence parents' decision-making for mode of breech birth at term gestation. Design. A grounded theory study conducted using a constructivist approach. Semi-structured telephone interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim and analysed using the software NVivo for Mac version 11.4.0. Setting. England, UK. Participants. Twelve parents with breech presentation confirmed by ultrasound at ≥36+0 weeks gestation were recruited from several UK social media forums. Findings. Two core themes impacting on a parent's decision-making process for term breech birth were identified. Firstly, a framework of potential influences including partner and relationship, family and friends, health professionals, own birth culture, self, shared experiences and the time available for decision-making. Secondly, mortality salience, or parental focus on risk of potential injury or death associated with birth, was found to be central to every participant's narrative. Key conclusions. This study highlights the individuality and wider framework of parent's decision-making influences for term breech birth, and demonstrates to care providers the conflicted emotions that may be experienced. The findings of this study may guide midwives and other professionals in providing person-centered, non-judgmental, balanced and evidence-based mode of term breech birth counselling. Implications for practice. Health professionals should adopt a parentcentred approach to counselling for mode of term breech birth, considering parents' wider influences in their decision-making and the fear of injury or death surrounding both vaginal breech birth and caesarean section. They can also facilitate parents to understand the influences that might be guiding their own decision-making

Class Number Formulas for Certain Biquadratic Fields

We consider the class numbers of imaginary quadratic extensions $F(\sqrt{-p})$, for certain primes $p$, of totally real quadratic fields $F$ which have class number one. Using seminal work of Shintani, we obtain two elementary class number formulas for many such fields. The first expresses the class number as an alternating sum of terms that we generate from the coefficients of the power series expansions of two simple rational functions that depend on the arithmetic of $F$ and $p$. The second makes use of expansions of $1/p$, where $p$ is a prime such that $p \equiv 3 \pmod{4}$ and $p$ remains inert in $F$. More precisely, for a generator $\varepsilon_F$ of the totally positive unit group of $\mathcal{O}_F$, the base-$\varepsilon_{F}$ expansion of $1/p$ has period length $\ell_{F,p}$, and our second class number formula expresses the class number as a finite sum over disjoint cosets of size $\ell_{F,p}$.Comment: 27pages, 2table