Average field mesocosm R_H (μmol CO₂ m-2 s-1 ± SE), through time, for biota treatments, averaged across warming treatments.

<p>Average field mesocosm R_H (μmol CO₂ m-2 s-1 ± SE), through time, for biota treatments, averaged across warming treatments.</p

Model results for Harvard Forest macrofauna common garden mesocosms. Also listed are the range of values observed across treatments.

<p>Model results for Harvard Forest macrofauna common garden mesocosms. Also listed are the range of values observed across treatments.</p

NMDS plot for macroinvertebrate communities extracted from soil cores collected at Harvard Forest (top panel) and Duke Forest (bottom panel) warming chambers.

<p>The colors represent the average air temperature in chambers April 2010-June 2013; the yellow to red color gradient represents cooler to warmer chambers.</p

Proportion invertebrate mortality, in biota treatments with macroinvertebrates, across warming treatments.

<p>Proportion invertebrate mortality, in biota treatments with macroinvertebrates, across warming treatments.</p

Model results for Duke Forest macrofauna common garden mesocosms.

<p>Model results for Duke Forest macrofauna common garden mesocosms.</p

Chemical composition of leaf litter (mean ±1 SEM).

<p>Abbreviations: percent dry mass (% DM), percent acetyl-bromide-soluble lignin (% ABSL), conditioning type (CT).</p><p>Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (<i>P</i><0.05) between CO₂ treatments for each tree species × CT combination.</p

Effects of CO₂ treatment on feeding responses of each invertebrate species.

<p>The mean litter consumption (±1 SE) of each invertebrate species is shown for (A) alder and (B) birch in the choice test, and (C) alder and (D) birch in the no-choice test. Asterisks indicate significant differences between CO₂ treatments within each invertebrate species (***<i>P</i><0.001). Species are arranged by habitat of origin: aquatic species are <i>Asellus aquaticus</i> (Aa), <i>Gammarus pulex</i> (Gp), <i>Odontocerum albicorne</i> (Oa) and <i>Sericostoma personatum</i> (Sp); terrestrial species are <i>Blaniulus guttulatus</i> (Bg), <i>Oniscus asellus</i> (On), <i>Porcellio scaber</i> (Ps) and <i>Tachypodoiulus niger</i> (Tn).</p

ANOVA summary table of main and interactive effects of CO₂ treatment (CO₂) and conditioning type (CT) on litter chemistry.

<p><i>P</i> values <0.05 are emboldened.</p

Detritivorous macroinvertebrate species used in the study.

<p>Detritivorous macroinvertebrate species used in the study.</p

Appendix E. Relative amplicon abundance of the top 10 most abundant fungal OTUs (and best identified hits) in soil, fungus-only, and isopod treatments.

Relative amplicon abundance of the top 10 most abundant fungal OTUs (and best identified hits) in soil, fungus-only, and isopod treatments