Rajni Walia, Women and Self: Fictions of Jean Rhys, Barbara Pym, Anita Brookner.

This review calls into question Walia’s views, calling them ‘dated’ and questioning their validity in light of modern scholarship and her ‘under-acknowledged dependency’ on other scholars’ works

Making Landfall: Towards a Critical Tempestology of Cyclones in Colonial Australia to 1850

In paleotempestology the mapping of past tropical cyclone activity has been conducted through two principal methods: geological proxy techniques, to gauge the millennial scale incidence of cyclones, and examination of archives, for example, newspapers, ships' logs, diaries, annals, government documents and Chinese historical documentary records which date back over a thousand years (Liu 13-15). The survey of historical sources by paleotempestologists is designed to elicit information about the incidence, intensity and tracks of cyclones and the material damage they have caused. In this essay I turn to Australian colonial newspapers before 1851 digitised by the National Library of Australia for its Trove database. They carried local and overseas reports of hurricane and intense storm activity; poems, letters, and excerpts of travel narratives which represent hurricanes; and local and overseas commentary on current affairs of state.

Influence Of Built Environment On Physical Activity Outcomes Among African Americans In Community-Based Obesity Intervention Studies

More than sixty-five percent of people in the U.S. are considered overweight or obese. African-Americans in the U.S. have a higher risk of obesity than any other racial group. One way to reduce this statistic is physical activity. Recreational green spaces (parks) can serve as an avenue to complete the 150 min/wk of recommended physical activity for adults by the ACSM. Data from SISTAS and HEALS interventions, that recruited overweight/obese African-Americans from Columbia and Florence, SC, was used to assess the association of recreational green space (parks) around a residence and physical activity. Physical activity measures of RAPA questionnaire (self-report), SenseWear® armband data (objective), and objective inflammatory biomarkers of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and CReactive protein (CRP) were utilized. Few, statistically significant, inverse associations were seen between amount of parks around a residence and physical activity for both the RAPA questionnaire and energy expenditure, evaluated by armband data. Positive associations were observed for inflammatory biomarkers at 0.75 (CRP: OR= 2.72; IL-6: OR= 2.532) and 5.0 (CRP: OR=1.811; IL-6: OR= 1.913) mile buffer regions for participant neighborhoods. No linear trends were observed with different buffer regions and more/less physical activity in any measurement. More research is needed to decipher the association that recreational green space (parks) have on physical activity in adult neighborhoods

Building Environmental Education Capacity in Classrooms and Schools

Abstract There is growing global acknowledgement that our planet is facing an imminent environmental crisis (Kensler, 2012; Kensler & Uline, 2017). Issues such as climate change, loss of biodiversities, water quality, the impact of long term fossil fuel use and single use plastics are compelling countries around the world to calls for action. In the education sector, there is an increasing recognition that raising awareness of environmental issues needs to begin in the schools where students will learn about the impact of individual choices on our environment. Research has shown that environmental education programs in schools have a positive influence on student achievement, while supporting equity, social justice, global citizenship, and ecoliteracy values. In Ontario the number of schools that are choosing to participate in environmental education programs, and practise environmental sustainability, is rising. This paper focuses on one school in a large urban school board in Ontario, and describes the use of mentoring as a tool to support the principal and staff in choosing to embrace environmental education programming in their school. Using a transformational leadership approach in the context of the Cawsey, Descza, & Ingols (2016) Change Path Model and the Burke & Litwin Causal Model of change theory, the mentor will be the change leader throughout the change process, gradually, through modelling and collaborative decision making, releasing leadership responsibility to the principal to sustain and monitor the implementation of environmental education programming in the school. Keywords: Environmental Education, Sustainability, Mentoring, Transformational Leadershi