Alien Registration- Corbett, Thomas W. (Reed Plantation, Aroostook County)

https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/32817/thumbnail.jp

Negro Suffrage in the South Since the Civil War

The subject under consideration is highly controversial since it deals with the social and political theories of men based upon racial prejudices, one group striving for supremacy, the other for its very existence. Apparent contradictory views o-r Southern slavery are confusing to the present day student. One source reports of the staid and gentle patriarchy , lords and retainers of broad and sleepy plantations, upon which life is one of ea.se and happiness. Other sources relate of the oppression of men with barbarous cruelty and unbridled power. Which picture is to be accepted as true? As in other situations of this kind, the mean is usually the most reliable. Both concepts are true. They are not opposing views of slave~y, but merely pictures of life in the different branches of society. There was on the one hand the humanitarian house service in the great country seats and in the towns. Contrary to what has been said and written about the· treatment of slaves by their masters , cruelties in antebellum days were rare. The words of the author fit in with the Virginia house service and in the personal retainership of town life in ·which most white children grew up

Excavations at KIS-008, Buldir Island: Evaluation and Potential

International audienc

Systems biology analysis of drivers underlying hallmarks of cancer cell metabolism.

Malignant transformation is often accompanied by significant metabolic changes. To identify drivers underlying these changes, we calculated metabolic flux states for the NCI60 cell line collection and correlated the variance between metabolic states of these lines with their other properties. The analysis revealed a remarkably consistent structure underlying high flux metabolism. The three primary uptake pathways, glucose, glutamine and serine, are each characterized by three features: (1) metabolite uptake sufficient for the stoichiometric requirement to sustain observed growth, (2) overflow metabolism, which scales with excess nutrient uptake over the basal growth requirement, and (3) redox production, which also scales with nutrient uptake but greatly exceeds the requirement for growth. We discovered that resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs in these lines broadly correlates with the amount of glucose uptake. These results support an interpretation of the Warburg effect and glutamine addiction as features of a growth state that provides resistance to metabolic stress through excess redox and energy production. Furthermore, overflow metabolism observed may indicate that mitochondrial catabolic capacity is a key constraint setting an upper limit on the rate of cofactor production possible. These results provide a greater context within which the metabolic alterations in cancer can be understood

Relieving thermal discomfort:effects of sprayed L-Menthol on perception, performance and time trial cycling in the heat

L-menthol stimulates cutaneous thermoreceptors and induces cool sensations improving thermal comfort, but has been linked to heat storage responses; this could increase risk of heat illness during self-paced exercise in the heat. Therefore, L-menthol application could lead to a discrepancy between behavioral and autonomic thermoregulatory drivers. Eight male participants volunteered. They were familiarized and then completed two trials in hot conditions (33.5 °C, 33% relative humidity) where their t-shirt was sprayed with CONTROL-SPRAY or MENTHOL-SPRAY after 10 km (i.e., when they were hot and uncomfortable) of a 16.1-km cycling time trial (TT). Thermal perception [thermal sensation (TS) and comfort (TC)], thermal responses [rectal temperature (Trec), skin temperature (Tskin)], perceived exertion (RPE), heart rate, pacing (power output), and TT completion time were measured. MENTHOL-SPRAY made participants feel cooler and more comfortable and resulted in lower RPE (i.e., less exertion) yet performance was unchanged [TT completion: CONTROL-SPRAY 32.4 (2.9) and MENTHOL-SPRAY 32.7 (3.0) min]. Trec rate of increase was 1.40 (0.60) and 1.45 (0.40) °C/h after CONTROL-SPRAY and MENTHOL-SPRAY application, which were not different. Spraying L-menthol toward the end of self-paced exercise in the heat improved perception, but did not alter performance and did not increase heat illness risk

Complexity-Building Deracemization and Desymmetrization Methodologies

I. Deracemization and Desymmetrization: A Primer - An overview of the principles of deracemization and desymmetrization techniques applied in modern asymmetric catalysis. II. Base-Catalyzed Direct Aldolization of alpha-Hydroxy Trialkyl Phosphonoacetates - A catalytic direct aldolization of racemic alpha-hydroxy trialkyl phosphonoacetates to access alpha-hydroxy-beta-phosphonyloxy esters is described. The fully-substituted glycolate enolate was generated in situ via [1,2]-phosphonate-phosphate rearrangement under mild proton-transfer conditions. An asymmetric variant was realized upon application of a chiral iminophosphorane providing excellent levels of diastereo- and enantiocontrol in the aldolization. III. Asymmetric Synthesis of Chlorohydrins via Dynamic Kinetic Reduction - A dynamic kinetic resolution via asymmetric transfer hydrogenation (DKR-ATH) of racemic beta-chloro-alpha-keto esters to provide access to optically active halohydrins is presented. The requisite beta-chloro-alpha-keto esters were prepared via Ni-catalyzed direct chlorination of alpha-keto esters. A Ru(II)-amido complex bearing a bulky m-terphenylsulfonamide ligand provided a remarkable ligand-controlled switch in diastereoselectivity in the reduction affording anti-chlorohydrins with high levels of diastereo- and enantiocontrol. IV. Dynamic Kinetic Reduction of Racemic Acyl Phosphonates - A strategy for the preparation of beta-stereogenic-alpha-hydroxy phosphonic acid derivatives via DKR-ATH of racemic alpha-aryl acyl phosphonates is discussed. A (arene)RuCl(monosulfonamide) complex featuring a bulky m-terphenylsulfonamide ligand provided excellent levels of diastereo- and enantiocontrol in the reduction. Interestingly, this reduction was determined to be proceeding from the opposite face of the ketone providing pseudo-diastereomeric products from those obtained in the reduction of alpha-keto esters. V. Dynamic Kinetic Aldolization of Configurationally Labile Electrophiles - Dynamic kinetic asymmetric transformations (DyKAT) of racemic beta-bromo-alpha-keto esters through direct aldolization of nitromethane and acetone are described. Cinchona alkaloid-derived catalysts effectively catalyzed the aldolizations providing access to fully substituted alpha-glycolic acid derivatives bearing a beta-stereocenter. Mechanistic studies revealed that the reactions proceed via facile catalyst-mediated racemization of the beta-bromo-alpha-keto esters under a DyKAT Type I manifold. VI. Enantioselective Synthesis of Hindered Cyclic Dialkyl Ethers via Organocatalytic Oxa-Michael/Michael Desymmetrization - An oxa-Michael/Michael desymmetrization strategy for the rapid construction of cyclic dialkyl ethers where both alpha-stereocenters of the ether linkage are set in a single step is presented. Employing a Jørgensen-Hayashi catalyst, the annulation of alkyl p-quinols and alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehydes provided access to densely functionalized bicyclic frameworks bearing four contiguous stereocenters.Doctor of Philosoph

Deformation induced grain rotations in single crystal tantalum

Validation studies of crystal plasticity finite element models typically compare model predictions of strain fields with experimental measurements; often ignored are the grain rotations predicted by the model. Accurate predictions of crystallographic rotations are necessary for trustworthy predictions of strain fields, deformed texture, and failure. This is especially important for body centered cubic (BCC) metals because the exact nature of BCC slip is still under debate [1]. Orientation changes caused by deformation in BCC materials have been predicted by models [2], but little experimental data exists that can confirm or contradict these predictions. To further complicate the situation, there are indications that grain rotations follow different paths in different BCC metals (e.g., Mo and Ta). This study presents experimental measurements of grain rotations in single crystal Ta resulting from quasistatic deformation using multiple techniques. In one set of experiments, single crystal specimens are loaded using an in situ load frame within a scanning electron microscope. Crystallographic rotation is directly observed by repeated EBSD measurements at several load levels. In other experiments, grain orientations (measured by X-ray diffraction and/or EBSD) are compared before and after loading to specific strain levels. Full-field measurements of strain are made during loading to relate orientation changes to local deformation behavior. These grain rotation measurements are compared to predictions from a BCC crystal plasticity model [3] to examine the effects of model choices. Ultimately, these experiment-model comparisons should improve crystal plasticity model predictions of re-orientations and strains, not only for single crystals, but for polycrystals as well. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. REFERENCES [1] Weinberger, C.R., Boyce, B.L., Battaile, C.C. International Materials Reviews. 2013, 58,296‑314. [2] Weinberger, C.R., Battaile, C.C., Buchheit, T.E., Holm, E.A. Int. J. Plast. 2012, 37, 16‑30. [3] Lim, H., Carroll, J.D., Battaile, C.C., Buchheit, T.E., Boyce, B.L., Weinberger, C.R. Int J.Plast. (in review)