519 research outputs found
Center for Progressive Reform Report: Protecting Workers In A Pandemic--What The Federal Government Should Be Doing
The re-opening of the American economy while the coronavirus that causes COVID-19 is still circulating puts workers at heightened risk of contracting the deadly virus. In some blue-collar industries, the risk is particularly acute because of the inherent nature of the work itself and of the workplaces in which it is conducted. And the risk, for a variety of reasons, falls disproportionately on people of color and low-income workers. With governors stay-at-home orders and other pandemic safety restrictions, Center for Progressive Reform Member Scholars Thomas McGarity, Michael Duff, and Sidney Shapiro examine the federal government\u27s many missed opportunities to stem the spread of the virus in the nation\u27s workplaces, and make recommendations for what needs to happen next to protect employees on the job
Electron and phonon interactions and transport in the ultrahigh-temperature ceramic ZrC
We have simulated the ultrahigh-temperature ceramic zirconium carbide (ZrC) in order to predict electron and
phonon scattering properties, including lifetimes and transport. Our predictions of heat and charge conductivity, which extend to 3000 K, are relevant to extreme-temperature applications of ZrC. Mechanisms are identified on a first-principles basis that considerably enhance or suppress heat transport at high temperature, including strain, anharmonic phonon renormalization, and four-phonon scattering. The extent to which boundary confinement and isotope scattering effects lower thermal conductivity is predicted
Adam Smith and the theory of punishment
A distinctive theory of punishment plays a central role in Smith's moral and legal theory. According to this theory, we regard the punishment of a crime as deserved only to the extent that an impartial spectator would go along with the actual or supposed resentment of the victim. The first part of this paper argues that Smith's theory deserves serious consideration and relates it to other theories such as utilitarianism and more orthodox forms of retributivism. The second part considers the objection that, because Smith's theory implies that punishment is justified only when there is some person or persons who is the victim of the crime, it cannot explain the many cases where punishment is imposed purely for the public good. It is argued that Smith's theory could be extended to cover such cases. The third part defends Smith's theory against the objection that, because it relies on our natural feelings, it cannot provide an adequate moral justification of punishment
General solutions of the Wess-Zumino consistency condition for the Weyl anomalies
The general solutions of the Wess-Zumino consistency condition for the
conformal (or Weyl, or trace) anomalies are derived. The solutions are
obtained, in arbitrary dimensions, by explicitly computing the cohomology of
the corresponding Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin differential in the space of
integrated local functions at ghost number unity. This provides a purely
algebraic, regularization-independent classification of the Weyl anomalies in
arbitrary dimensions. The so-called type-A anomaly is shown to satisfy a
non-trivial descent of equations, similarly to the non-Abelian chiral anomaly
in Yang-Mills theory.Comment: 9 pages. RevTeX fil
Killing spinors in supergravity with 4-fluxes
We study the spinorial Killing equation of supergravity involving a torsion
3-form \T as well as a flux 4-form \F. In dimension seven, we construct
explicit families of compact solutions out of 3-Sasakian geometries, nearly
parallel \G_2-geometries and on the homogeneous Aloff-Wallach space. The
constraint \F \cdot \Psi = 0 defines a non empty subfamily of solutions. We
investigate the constraint \T \cdot \Psi = 0, too, and show that it singles
out a very special choice of numerical parameters in the Killing equation,
which can also be justified geometrically
Skin health in northern Australia
Achieving healthy skin requires the prevention of infectious diseases that affect the skin. Prevention activities range from environmental health improvements to address inequities in living situations, through to community-wide treatment programs to reduce transmission and improve skin health. In this paper we discuss the pathogens that cause and conditions that arise when skin is infected, the burden of disease in northern Australia, and some of the current research underway to address this high burden, which predominantly affects remote-living Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children and families
Massive IIA flux compactifications and U-dualities
We attempt to find a rigorous formulation for the massive type IIA
orientifold compactifications of string theory introduced in hep-th/0505160. An
approximate double T-duality converts this background into IIA string theory on
a twisted torus, but various arguments indicate that the back reaction of the
orientifold on this geometry is large. In particular, an AdS calculation of the
entropy suggests a scaling appropriate for N M2-branes, in a certain limit of
the compactification, though not the one studied in hep-th/0505160. The
M-theory lift of this specific regime is not 4 dimensional. We suggest that the
generic limit of the background corresponds to a situation analogous to
F-theory, where the string coupling is small in some regions of a compact
geometry, and large in others, so that neither a long wavelength 11D SUGRA
expansion, nor a world sheet expansion exists for these compactifications. We
end with a speculation on the nature of the generic compactification.Comment: JHEP3 LaTeX - 34 pages - 3 figures; v2: Added references; v3: mistake
in entropy scaling corrected, major changes in conclusions; v4: changed
claims about original DeWolfe et al. setup, JHEP versio
Black Holes in Supergravity and String Theory
We give an elementary introduction to black holes in supergravity and string
theory. The focus is on BPS solutions in four- and higher-dimensional
supergravity and string theory. Basic ideas and techniques are explained in
detail, including exercises with solutions.Comment: 64 pages, based on lectures given at the school of the TMR network
'Quantum aspects of gauge theories, supersymmetry and unification' in Torino,
January 26 - February 2, 2000. To be published in Class. Quant. Grav. (Some
typos corrected, two references added.
The fables of pity: Rousseau, Mandeville and the animal-fable
Copyright @ 2012 Edinburgh University PressPrompted by Derridaâs work on the animal-fable in eighteenth-century debates about political power, this article examines the role played by the fiction of the animal in thinking of pity as either a natural virtue (in Rousseauâs Second Discourse) or as a natural passion (in Mandevilleâs The Fable of the Bees). The war of fables between Rousseau and Mandeville â and their hostile reception by Samuel Johnson and Adam Smith â reinforce that the animal-fable illustrates not so much the proper of man as the possibilities and limitations of a moral philosophy that is unable to address the political realities of the state
Type IIA orientifold compactification on SU(2)-structure manifolds
We investigate the effective theory of type IIA string theory on
six-dimensional orientifold backgrounds with SU(2)-structure. We focus on the
case of orientifolds with O6-planes, for which we compute the bosonic effective
action in the supergravity approximation. For a generic SU(2)-structure
background, we find that the low-energy effective theory is a gauged N=2
supergravity where moduli in both vector and hypermultiplets are charged. Since
all these supergravities descend from a corresponding N=4 background, their
scalar target space is always a quotient of a SU(1,1)/U(1) x
SO(6,n)/SO(6)xSO(n) coset, and is therefore also very constrained.Comment: 31 pages; v2: local report number adde
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