OT\u27s Perspective on Type 1 Diabetes Management in College Students

To create a program guide to provide resources for freshman-year students to seek accommodations or helpful tips for students with type 1 diabetes to have a smooth transition to college enhance overall health management, and participate in leisure activities.https://soar.usa.edu/otdcapstonesspring2024/1035/thumbnail.jp

Metabolic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a public hospital in Peru: a cross-sectional study in a low-middle income country

Objective The objective of this study was to assess patients’ achievement of ADA (American Diabetes Association) guideline recommendations for glycosylated hemoglobin, lipid profile, and blood pressure in a type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) outpatient clinic in a low-middle income country (LMIC) setting. Methods This is a descriptive cross-sectional study with 123 ambulatory T2DM patients who are being treated at a public hospital in Lima, Peru. Data was gathered via standardized interviews, clinical surveys, and anthropomorphic measurements for each patient. Blood samples were drawn in fasting state for measures of glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and lipid profile. Laboratory parameters and blood pressure were evaluated according to ADA recommendations. Results Of the 123 patients, 81 were women and the mean age was 61.8 years. Glycemic control was abnormal in 82 (68.33%) participants, and 45 (37.50%) were unable to control their blood pressure. Lipid profile was abnormal in 73 (60.83%) participants. Only nine (7.50%) participants fulfilled ADA recommendations for glycemic, blood pressure, and lipid control. Conclusions Amongst individuals with type 2 diabetes, there was poor attainment of the ADA recommendations (HbA1c, blood pressure and LDL-cholesterol) for ambulatory T2DM patients. Interventions are urgently needed in order to prevent long-term diabetic complications

Heat generation analysis and anode temperature measurement during the formation of nanoporous aluminium oxide

The fabrication of ordered nano-structured materials through anodic alumina oxide (AAO) template has become an intense research area for understanding the unusual phenomena observed in these materials. The periodicity of the nanostructure relies on the pore morphology of the template, which depends on various factors. Among them, localized Joule heating due to high anodizing current at the pore base was found to alter growth morphology. The influence of temperature on the electrochemical process of anodization is generally evaluated by considering the set electrolyte temperature, while little importance is given to the localized evolved electrode temperature. In the present work, porous alumina thin films were fabricated using a two-step anodization process. Oxalic acid, 0.3 M, was used as electrolyte and the bath temperature was maintained at 10˚C. FESEM images of the fabricated AAO template are shown in Fig.1. Anodizing voltage was varied from 30-60 V, in the form of ON and OFF cycles as well as in a continuous step of 5 V. A novel approach was made for the measurement of insitu anode temperature during anodization, where a patterned Pt thin film RTD sensor was sputtered directly on the surface of alumina. The use of this thin film sensor has the advantage of faster response over the conventional RTD due to lower mass. The Pt thin film RTD sensor was calibrated with respect to a Pt 100 sensor for accurate measurements. Anode temperature variations are shown in Fig. 2 when the voltage is applied in ON and OFF cycles of 150 s. The effect of various parameters which contribute to the rise in anode temperature has also been presented. Experiments and theoretical calculations suggest that Joule heating is the major cause of heat generation during the process of anodization

Table 2: Bacterial diversity in Ny-Ålesund, Spitzbergen

We describe the antibiotic resistance profiling of bacterial isolates collected from Ny-Alesund, Arctic, as part of the Indian Arctic Summer Expedition 2009. It was interesting to note that the bacterial isolates collected from the Arctic showed multidrug resistance. 32% of the isolates were found to be multi- drug resistant with several combinations of antibiotics. The 16S rRNA sequencing results shows a diverse group of bacteria belonging to Phyla Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Bacteriodetes and their relatedness was studied by phylogenetic analysis. While analysing the plasmid profiling, the most resistant two strains of Pseudomonas migulae showed multiple plasmids of varying sizes ~5.2-5.3 kb and ~9.5 kb. The extent and frequency of multidrug resistance in the polar bacteria deserves close monitoring and efforts to understand the various molecular mechanisms of drug resistance and control the spread of antibiotic resistance in polar environment is called for

Melanoma Detection using Machine Learning

Melanoma being the deadliest form of cancer, if detected at an early stage can be completely cured. Most of the skin cancer detection methods are painful. Our project aims at non-invasive technique to detect skin cancer at an early stage. Initially the dermatoscopic images are pre-processed and segmented. Once segmentation is done, features such as Asymmetry, Border Irregularity, Colour and Diameter are extracted and a score is assigned. Based on the score, a TDS (Total Dermatoscopic Score) is calculated. This TDS score and extracted features are used to train the SVM (Support Vector Machine) and test images are given to SVM. It classifies the image as cancerous and non-cancerous

An Introspection on the need of medication compliance in geriatric patients with hypertension

Introduction: Medication compliance is consequential part of treatment success. Medication non- compliance in geriatric patients leads to substantial worsening of disease, increased healthcare costs, and death.  Financial constraints and adverse events or side effects associated with non-compliance can be avoided by improving medication compliance. Objective: To assess the level of medication compliance in geriatric patients and to analyse factors causing non-compliance to medications. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out from May 2020 to July 2020 in a rural area of South India. 150 geriatric patients (aged >60 years) attending the Non- Communicable Disease (NCD) clinics in Primary Health Centres (PHC) were interviewed using validated questionnaires. Results: A total of 150 geriatric participants with Hypertension were assessed for the level of compliance for long term medications. Maximum numbers of participants were males (54%) and majority were found in the age group of 61-70 (42%) and good compliance was observed in 63% of the participants and suggests that the compliance level has decreased progressively with increasing age. Good compliance was seen in subjects with up to 2 medications (55%) compared to more than 2 medications (25%).  The level of compliance was good in 47%, moderate in 35% and poor in 18% of the participants. Conclusion: This study shows poor compliance to the prescribed medication among geriatric subjects with chronic diseases. Different strategies should be used to increase medication compliance in geriatric patients to achieve better outcomes in their health status. Keywords: Medication compliance, Hypertension, geriatric patient

Facile approach for in situ measurement of anode temperature during the growth of self-ordered nanoporous anodic alumina thin films: Influence of Joule heating on pore microstructure

Anodic aluminium oxide (AAO) thin films, containing hexagonally ordered nanopores, are widely used as templates for fabricating a large number of zero and one- dimensional functional nanostructures such as nanodots, nanowires and nanotubes. The localized pore temperature developed due to the heat generation phenomenon during anodization plays a key role in the growth morphology of the nanoporous structure. The influence of temperature on the electrochemical process of anodization is generally evaluated by considering the electrolyte temperature, while little importance is given to the localized electrode temperature. In the present work, nanoporous alumina templates were prepared using a two step anodization process with oxalic acid as electrolyte under different bath temperatures and voltages. We report a novel approach to measure the in situ anode temperature during the anodization process that uses a Pt thin film RTD sensor which is deposited on partially fabricated alumina through anodization. The in-situ anode temperature has been recorded at different anodization conditions and their contribution to the rise in the anode temperature is presented. Our results indicate that Joule heating is the major source of heat developed during the anodization

A facile approach for in situ measurement of anode temperature during the growth of self-ordered nanoporous anodic alumina thin films: Influence of Joule heating on pore microstructure

Anodic aluminium oxide (AAO) thin films, containing hexagonally ordered nanopores, are widely used as templates for fabricating a large number of zero and one- dimensional functional nanostructures such as: nanodots, nanowires and nanotubes. The localized pore temperature developed due to the heat generation phenomenon during anodization plays a key role in the growth morphology of the nanoporous structure. The influence of temperature on the electrochemical process of anodization is generally evaluated by considering the electrolyte temperature, while little importance is given to the localized electrode temperature. In the present work, nanoporous alumina templates were prepared using a two step anodization process with oxalic acid as electrolyte under different bath temperatures and anodizing potentials. We report a novel approach to measure the in situ anode temperature during the anodization process that uses a Pt thin film Resistance Temperature Detector sensor which is deposited on partially fabricated alumina through anodization. The in situ anode temperature has been recorded at different anodization conditions and their contribution to the rise in the anode temperature is presented. Our results indicate that Joule heating is a major source of heat developed during the anodizatio

The Yield of thoracoscopic biopsy truenat in the diagnosis of tuberculous pleural effusion

Background and Objective: Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) affects about 25% of patients presenting with Tuberculosis (TB). Tuberculous pleural effusion is the second-most common type of EPTB, after lymph node TB. Although the molecular TB diagnostics have lower turnaround time compared to traditional testing methods, the sensitivity in microscopy negative specimens are low. Higher cost and infrastructure requirements are other disadvantages. Truenat, developed by Mobilio diagnostics and validated by ICMR, is a rapid, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based diagnostic test to detect Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (MTB) and also rifampicin resistance. According to the WHO, the accuracy of Truenat is comparable to Xpert PCR. We report our experience in using Truenat for EPTB, specifically, pleural TB. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from thoracoscopy over the past 2 years. All data pertaining to the use of Truenat for TB in pleural fluid and thoracoscopic biopsy specimens, histopathology, and mycobacterial cultures were analyzed. Results: We had a total of 114 patients with undiagnosed pleural effusion who underwent thoracoscopy during the study. Forty-five patients (39%) had a diagnosis of TB, among the total 114 patients. The sensitivity of tissue Truenat was 51.11 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 35.77–66.30), tissue culture 37.50% (95% CI: 22.73–54.20), pleural fluid Truenat 20% (95% CI: 8.44–36.94), and fluid culture 14.29% (95% CI: 5.43–28.54). The specificities of all the confirmatory tests were 100% when compared to a reference standard which was taken as a combination of histology and culture as the reference standard with or without acid-fast bacilli in the histology samples. Tissue Truenat was significantly more sensitive than fluid Truenat (P < 0.05). Likewise, tissue culture was more sensitive than fluid culture (P < 0.05). Among all microbiology confirmatory tests performed, Truenat of pleural tissue had the highest yield (51.11). Conclusion: Thoracoscopic pleural biopsy Truenat results in improved sensitivity in cases of EPTB

Influence of 3-acetylpyridine phenylhydrazone on the corrosion of carbon steel in hydrochloric acid

The corrosion inhibition capacity of the 3-acetylpyridine phenylhydrazone (APPH) has been investigated by gravimetric studies and electrochemical investigations like EIS and Tafel polarization analyses. Present study reveal that APPH act as a potential corrosion inhibitor on carbon steel even when the molecules are hydrolyzed in acid medium. Polarization studies establish that the molecule show mixed type corrosion inhibition on CS surface. Results obtained from these techniques are comparable and the hydrazone obey Langmuir adsorption isotherm on the corroding metal surface. Thermodynamic parameters of corrosion such as activation energy (Ea), enthalpy and entropy of activation of corrosion (∆H* and ∆S*) have also been estimated. Surface analysis using AFM confirm the adsorption of APPH molecules on the metal surface