53 research outputs found
Dialysis-associated peritonitis in children
Peritonitis remains a frequent complication of peritoneal dialysis in children and is the most common reason for technique failure. The microbiology is characterized by a predominance of Gram-positive organisms, with fungi responsible for less than 5% of episodes. Data collected by the International Pediatric Peritonitis Registry have revealed a worldwide variation in the bacterial etiology of peritonitis, as well as in the rate of culture-negative peritonitis. Risk factors for infection include young age, the absence of prophylactic antibiotics at catheter placement, spiking of dialysis bags, and the presence of a catheter exit-site or tunnel infection. Clinical symptoms at presentation are somewhat organism specific and can be objectively assessed with a Disease Severity Score. Whereas recommendations for empiric antibiotic therapy in children have been published by the International Society of Peritoneal Dialysis, epidemiologic data and antibiotic susceptibility data suggest that it may be desirable to take the patient- and center-specific history of microorganisms and their sensitivity patterns into account when prescribing initial therapy. The vast majority of patients are treated successfully and continue peritoneal dialysis, with the poorest outcome noted in patients with peritonitis secondary to Gram-negative organisms or fungi and in those with a relapsing infection
Mupirocin Once Weekly Reduces the Incidence of Catheter Exit-Site Infection in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients
Antimicrobial-Resistant Gram-Positive Bacteria in PD Peritonitis and the Newer Antibiotics Used to Treat Them
Local Application of Mupirocin at the Peritoneal Catheter Exit Site Prevents Early Postoperative Infections and Should Become Standard Practice
Reducing Peritonitis Rates in a Peritoneal Dialysis Program of Indigent Ethnic Minorities
Comparative Study of Mupirocin and Sodium Fucidate in the Prophylaxis of Exit-Site Infections in CAPD Patients
Correlation between fractional reabsorption of sodium and erythropoietin dose in peritoneal dialysis patients
Γ’οΏ½οΏ½ Background: Erythropoietin (EPO) deficiency of chronic renal failure (CRF) may be a functional consequence of decreased glomerular filtration rate and fractional reabsorption of sodium (FRNa). Decreased FRNa reduces renal oxygen consumption and increases tissue oxygen pressure, resulting in less EPO production. We hypothesized that, in CRF patients, there is a positive relationship between EPO production and FRNa and that, in such patients receiving EPO, a negative correlation is expected between FRNa and EPO dose. Γ’οΏ½οΏ½ Methods: Creatinine clearance, FRNa, serum iron, transferrin, transferrin saturation, ferritin, and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) levels were measured in 91 peritoneal dialysis patients. The correlation between EPO dose and FRNa was studied. Γ’οΏ½οΏ½ Results: Mean EPO dose was 7076 ΓΒ± 4821 units/week and mean FRNa was 93.40 ΓΒ± 6.14. A negative correlation was found between EPO dose and FRNa (r= -0.28, p < 0.01), and a positive correlation was found between both ferritin and iPTH and EPO dose (r = 0.39, p < 0.001 and r = 0.35, p < 0.002 respectively). After adjusting for the effect of creatinine clearance, ferritin, and iPTH, there was still a significant correlation between EPO dose and FRNa (p < 0.05). Γ’οΏ½οΏ½ Conclusion: In CRF patients there is a negative correlation between FRNa and EPO dose, which supports the hypothesis that EPO deficiency may be related to the decreased renal oxygen-consuming work of sodium reabsorption. Copyright ΓΒ© 2006 International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis
Prevention of Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter Infections in Saudi Peritoneal Dialysis Patients: The Emergence of High-Level Mupirocin Resistance
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