Formation of nanocrystals based on decomposition in the amorphous Zr41.2Ti13.8Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5 alloy

Primary crystallization and decomposition in the bulk amorphous alloy Ar41.2Ti13.8Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5 have been studied by small angle neutron scattering (SANS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). SANS data of samples annealed isothermally at 623 K exhibit an interference peak centered at q=0.46 nm(^-1) after an incubation time of about 100 min. TEM and DSC investigations confirm that the respective periodic variation in the scattering length density is due to the formation of nanocrystals embedded in the amorphous matrix. These observations suggest that during the incubation time a chemical decomposition process occurs and the related periodic composition fluctuations give rise to the observed periodic arrangement of the nanocrystals

Small-angle x-ray-scattering study of phase separation and crystallization in the bulk amorphous Mg62Cu25Y10Li3 alloy

We report on a small-angle x-ray-scattering (SAXS) and differential scanning calorimetry study of phase separation and crystallization in rapidly quenched amorphous Mg62Cu25Y10Li3 alloy samples. Differential scanning calorimetry demonstrates the occurrence of crystallization and grain growth upon isothermal annealing of these samples at 135 °C. The SAXS studies show the presence of large inhomogeneities even in the rapidly quenched as-prepared Mg62Cu25Y10Li3 alloy that is attributed to phase separation in the undercooled liquid during the cooling process. After isothermal annealing at 135 °C for longer than 30 min the samples exhibit a strong SAXS intensity that monotonically increases with increasing annealing time. During heat treatment, crystallization and growth of a nanocrystalline bcc-Mg7Li3 phase occurs in the Y-poor and MgLi-rich domains. The initially rough boundaries of the nanocrystals become sharper with increasing annealing time. Anomalous small-angle x-ray-scattering investigations near the Cu K edge indicate that while Cu is distributed homogeneously in the as-prepared sample, a Cu composition gradient develops between the matrix and the bcc-Mg7Li3 nanocrystals in the annealed sample

Vanity of Indians and the Success of the Cosmetic Advertisements

The quest for adornment is a global passion and Indians are no exception to it. Indian Cosmetic market is a multi Billion Market (Lifestyle, 2012) and reportedly growing at 15-20% annually. Though it was observed that demand for skin whitening products by both the genders is the main drive of the bullish trend in the cosmetic market, the same can’t undermine the substantial contribution of the other beauty products. This growing vanity of Indians widens the scope for global cosmetic marketers and not much scholarly light has been thrown upon this area. Hence, this present study concentrates on the influence of Gender and Social status on Physical and Achievement variables and how a latent variable Vanity explains Physical and Achievement, finally the effect of Vanity on Cosmetic Product Advertisement Effectiveness. A sample of 350 was collected from Tamil Nadu Pondicherry, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and Bihar by adopting non-probability convenience sampling method. A Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed to examine the complex relationship between variables and test the Hypotheses. Results indicate irrespective of Gender and Social status people are concerned about their appearance and success in life and vanity has a significant role to play towards the likelihood of remembering cosmetic advertisements. The findings of this research may have implications for marketers, Advertising professionals and researchers. Keywords: Vanity, Cosmetic Advertisements, Gender, Social Status, SEM

Impact of Viewer's Perception on Effectiveness of Couple Image Sex Appeal Advertisements

The present study examined the Influence of Youth's general perception towards use of sex appeal in advertisements on effectiveness of Advertisements using varying degree of intimacy between couple images as a tool for promotion. General Linear Model MANOVA was applied and results indicate that perception influences the effectiveness of Advertisements at multivariate level. At univariate level the influence proved significant for Wild and Mild stimuli not for moderate appeal. Keywords: Perception, Couple Image sexual stimuli, Advertisement Recognition, Brand Recall, TV Advertisements

A Study on the Revenue Generation Trend of Thiruvallur and Thiruttani Taluks (Viz., Thiruppasur, Siruvanoor, Thiruvallur and Agoor and Pattabiramapuram Villages of Thiruttani) of Tamil Nadu+

Tamilnadu is one of the economically developed states in India which has 32 districts taluks in hundreds and villages in thousands But lots of studies on Tamilnadu s regional development have found a wide disparity in economic development across the state The North part of Tamilnadu is a comparatively backward region in general and the districts like Dharmapuri Villupuram Tiruvannamalai and Thiruvallur in particular As a result it is of special importance and essential to review the rural local bodies finances with reference to backward district in general and Thiruvellur district in particular in the wake of 73rd constitutional amendmen

Comparative analysis of PWM techniques for Photovoltaic application with HERIC inverter

Photovoltaic inverters achieves an effective and efficient system and plays an important role in reducing the total cost of the system. The main objective  of this paper is to develope mathematical model and analyse the performance of photovoltaic fed  HERIC inverter for different Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) techniques. The two different carrier signals such as sinusoidal carrier signal and triangular carrier signals are used. The required PWM pulses are generated by comparing the trapezoidal reference signal with those carrier signals. The simulation is carried out using MATLAB/Simulink. The performance indices used in this comparison are THD, output power, fundamental output voltage and RMS value of output voltage

A Prospective Study of Pre-Operative Predictors of Difficult Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

BACKGROUND : Cholelithiasisis the most common biliary pathology, with a prevalence of 10 to 15%. It is symptomatic in approximately 1to2% of patients. N I H consensus development stated that laparoscopic cholecystectomy “ Provides a Safe and Effective treatment for most patients with symptomatic gallstones”. In about 5 to 10% of laparoscopic cholecystectomy, conversion to open cholecystectomy may be needed for safe removal of gall bladder. OBJECTIVES : To determine the predictive factors for difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy To study the clinical presentation of cholelithiasis METHODS : The material for the present study comprised of 50 cases admitted to Govt Rajaji hospital Madurai from March 2013 to august 2014 for a period of 18 months. The cases confirmed by Ultrasonography were evaluated with following risk factors: age > 50years, male sex, BMI 25.1 to 27.5 and >27.5, previous surgery, prior hospitalization, palpable gall bladder, gall bladder wall thickening, impacted stone, pericholecystic fluid collection. Each risk factor was given a score. The total score upto 5 predicted easy, 6 to 10 difficult and more than 10 very difficult. RESULTS : The highest age incidence of cholelithiasis was in the 4th decade, and was more common in females. Pain abdomen was the most common symptom. Ultrasonography detected gall bladder stones in all patients, wall thickening in 15 and pericholecystic fluid collection in 10. BMI >27.5 (P<0.001), history of prior hospitalization (P<0.0008), palpable gallbladder (p<0.0364), impacted stone (P<0.0103) and Pericholecystic fluid collection (P<0.0471) were significant predictors of difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy. INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSION : The proposed scoring system had a positive prediction value for easy prediction of 94.7% and for difficult prediction of 100%.The conversion rate from laparoscopic cholecystectomy to open cholecystectomy was 10%