Multipartite entanglement in the Fenna-Matthews-Olson (FMO) pigment-protein complex

We investigate multipartite states in the Fenna-Matthews-Olson (FMO) pigment-protein complex of the green sulfur bacteria using a Lorentzian spectral density of the phonon reservoir fitted with typical parameter estimates of the species, P. aestuarii. The evolution of the entanglement measure of the excitonic W qubit states is evaluated in the picosecond time range, showing increased revivals in the non-Markovian regime. Similar trends are observed in the evolution dynamics of the Meyer-Wallach measure of the N-exciton multipartite state, with results showing that multipartite entanglement can last from 0.5 to 1 ps, between the Bchls of the FMO complex. The teleportation and quantum information splitting fidelities associated with the GHZ and W_A resource states of the excitonic qubit channels of the FMO complex show that revivals in fidelities increase with the degree of non-Markovian strength of the decoherent environment. Results indicate that quantum information processing tasks involving teleportation followed by the decodification process involving W_A states of the FMO complex, may play a critical role during coherent oscillations at physiological temperatures.Comment: 16 pages, new figs, typo

Spin dynamics of low-dimensional excitons due to acoustic phonons

We investigate the spin dynamics of excitons interacting with acoustic phonons in quantum wells, quantum wires and quantum disks by employing a multiband model based on the $4\times4$ Luttinger Hamiltonian. We also use the Bir-Pikus Hamiltonian to model the coupling of excitons to both longitudinal acoustic phonons and transverse acoustic phonons, thereby providing us with a realistic framework in which to determine details of the spin dynamics of excitons. We use a fractional dimensional formulation to model the excitonic wavefunctions and we demonstrate explicitly the decrease of spin relaxation time with dimensionality. Our numerical results are consistent with experimental results of spin relaxation times for various configurations of the GaAs/Al$_{0.3}$Ga$_{0.7}$As material system. We find that longitudinal and transverse acoustic phonons are equally significant in processes of exciton spin relaxations involving acoustic phonons.Comment: 24 pages, 3 figure

A Review on Advances in Biocontrol Techniques for Managing Insect Pests in Sustainable Agriculture

Biocontrol techniques represent a vital avenue in the quest for sustainable agricultural practices. This approach, integrating ecological intelligence with modern scientific advancements, is seeing increasing adoption in various regions, notably in India. Drawing inspiration from nature's own mechanisms, biocontrol employs specific organisms or their biological derivatives to manage and mitigate pests, thereby decreasing the dependency on chemical agents. Through an in-depth exploration of biocontrol applications, this study places a special emphasis on India's initiatives and contrasts them with global endeavors. Noteworthy examples include the innovative use of parasitic wasps to combat the papaya mealybug menace in Tamil Nadu, the strategic application of fungi like Trichoderma for disease control in Maharashtra, and the successful introduction of parasitoid wasps to manage olive flies in regions like California. Rooted in foundational ecological principles, these methodologies exhibit potential benefits that span improved crop yields, economic viability, and most importantly, reduced environmental adversities. Effective deployment and scaling of these techniques require an integrated approach, emphasizing collaboration among researchers, farming communities, and industry stakeholders. By presenting a detailed analysis of these synergistic efforts, this review accentuates the transformative potential of biocontrol. As the global community faces the dual challenges of an expanding population and the unpredictable impacts of climate change, the promise of biocontrol looms large, offering a sustainable pathway for the agriculture of the future