Test background estimates for resonance measurements using a combination of mixed events and like sign pairs

Two approaches for extracting properties of neutral resonances out of invariant mass distributions are presented: like-sign and event-mixing signal. Additionally a correction function based on event-mixing, aimed at revising detection differences of opposite charged particles, which is applied to the like-sign signal is tested. The analysis is conducted using pp collisions at 7 TeV and concludes an improved description of the residual background by the correction function. Furthermore no change of the resonance's extracted parameters is observed. The event-mixing method exhibits a problematic description of the background which is concluded in this thesis to be caused by the necessity of an azimuthal angle rotation for event-mixing.The question whether matter can be divided infinite times has occupied scientists for more than two hundred years now. The aim to describe matter, their elementary constituents and interactions is the definition of particle physics. In order to examine these constituents matter is smashed together at large energy and the fragments analyzed. This is done, among other places, at the CERN organization in Geneva, Switzerland, using the Large Hadron Collider. Some of these basic constituents, called quarks, are only observed as hadrons: particles that consist of two or three quarks (at least to prevalent awareness). In experiments such as ALICE at CERN the particles created are measured using elaborate detectors. There exist hadrons which have a very short lifetime. They are produced in the collision and decay already before reaching the first detectors. They are called resonances and their study is naturally difficult. In order to still be able to detect these particles one looks at their decay products. The particles might though be rare and in general millions of particles are arriving at the detectors. A link between the decay products needs to be established in order to examine the mother particle. Confronted with the huge amount of data this can not be done by hand. Statistical methods are used to find the link, called correlation, between the decay product particles. The name “resonance” comes from the signal it produces: as in the figure, a bump indicates that a particle is found with a certain mass (depending on the position of the bump). But how high is the bump, how wide is it? These questions are for particle physicists essential when they try to determine the properties of a resonance. Here the description of the background plays a major role. In this thesis a new approach has been taken to describe this background: to the previous description a correction has been applied. And results show that this is in fact an improvement. Although not very large it can help to open the window into the subatomic world a bit wider and enrich our knowledge of particles. At the same time, as well done in this thesis, comparisons of established methods are conducted and results indicate that sometimes simpler methods can be highly effective. So the work of physicists continues explaining this world, step by step. And sometimes relying on simple methods can blend out almost all the noise, isn't that something

Проект ректификационной установки разделения пропилен-пропановой смеси

Объектом исследования является ректификационная колонна разделения пропилен-пропановой смеси.Цель работы-рассчитать ректификационную колонну для заданных технологических условий. В ходе выполнения работы был произведен технологический расчет для определения основных габаритных параметров аппарата , а также механический расчет для проверки обеспечения механической надежности аппарата.The object of research is a distillation column for separating propylene-propane mixture.The purpose of this work is to calculate the rectification column for the specified technological conditions. During the work, a technological calculation was made to determine the main overall parameters of the device, as well as a mechanical calculation to check the mechanical reliability of the device

Replacement of hematopoietic system by allogeneic stem cell transplantation in myelofibrosis patients induces rapid regression of bone marrow fibrosis

Bone marrow fibrosis is a hallmark of primary and post ET/PV myelofibrosis. To investigated the impact of replacement of the hematopoietic system in myelofibrosis patients by allogeneic stem cell transplantation on bone marrow fibrosis, we studied bone marrow fibrosis on bone marrow samples from 24 patients with myelofibrosis before and after dose-reduced conditioning followed by allogeneic stem cell transplantation from related or unrelated donor. Using the European Consensus on Grading Bone Marrow Fibrosis, before allografting all patients had advanced fibrosis MF-2 (n = 13) or MF-3 (n = 11). After transplantation, a complete (MF-0) or nearly complete (MF-1) regression of bone marrow fibrosis was seen in 59 % at day +100, in 90 % at day +180, and in 100 % at day +360. No correlation between occurrence of acute graft-versus-host disease, and fibrosis regression on day +180 was seen. We conclude that dose-reduced conditioning, followed by allogeneic stem cell transplantation, resulted in a rapid resolution of bone-marrow fibrosis suggesting the bone marrow fibrogenesis is a highly dynamic rather than static process in patients with myelofibrosis

Restoring vascular nitric oxide formation by l-arginine improves the symptoms of intermittent claudication in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease

AbstractBackground. Administration of l-arginine improves nitric oxide (NO) formation and endothelium-dependent vasodilation in atherosclerotic patients.Objectives. We investigated in this double-blind, controlled study whether prolonged intermittent infusion therapy with l-arginine improves the clinical symptoms of patients with intermittent claudication, as compared with the endothelium-independent vasodilator prostaglandin E1, and control patients.Methods. Thirty-nine patients with intermittent claudication were randomly assigned to receive 2 × 8 g l-arginine/day, or 2 × 40 μg prostaglandin E1(PGE1)/day or no hemodynamically active treatment, for 3 weeks. The pain-free and absolute walking distances were assessed on a walking treadmill at 3 km/h, 12% slope, and NO-mediated, flow-induced vasodilation of the femoral artery was assessed by ultrasonography at baseline, at 1, 2 and 3 weeks of therapy and 6 weeks after the end of treatment. Urinary nitrate and cyclic guanosine-3′, 5′-monophosphate (GMP) were assessed as indices of endogenous NO production.Results. l-Arginine improved the pain-free walking distance by 230 ± 63% and the absolute walking distance by 155 ± 48% (each p < 0.05). Prostaglandin E1improved both parameters by 209 ± 63% and 144 ± 28%, respectively (each p < 0.05), whereas control patients experienced no significant change. l-Arginine therapy also improved endothelium-dependent vasodilation in the femoral artery, whereas PGE1had no such effect. There was a significant linear correlation between the l-arginine/asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) ratio and the pain-free walking distance at baseline (r = 0.359, p < 0.03). l-Arginine treatment elevated the plasma l-arginine/ADMA ratio and increased urinary nitrate and cyclic GMP excretion rates, indicating normalized endogenous NO formation. Prostaglandin E1therapy had no significant effect on any of these parameters. Symptom scores assessed on a visual analog scale increased from 3.51 ± 0.18 to 8.3 ± 0.4 (l-arginine) and 7.0 ± 0.5 (PGE1; each p < 0.05), but did not significantly change in the control group (4.3 ± 0.4).Conclusions. Restoring NO formation and endothelium-dependent vasodilation by l-arginine improves the clinical symptoms of intermittent claudication in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease

Interobserver agreement in interpretation of chest radiographs for pediatric community acquired pneumonia: Findings of the pedCAPNETZ-cohort.

Although chest radiograph (CXR) is commonly used in diagnosing pediatric community acquired pneumonia (pCAP), limited data on interobserver agreement among radiologists exist. PedCAPNETZ is a prospective, observational, and multicenter study on pCAP. N = 233 CXR from patients with clinical diagnosis of pCAP were retrieved and n = 12 CXR without pathological findings were added. All CXR were interpreted by a radiologist at the site of recruitment and by two external, blinded pediatric radiologists. To evaluate interobserver agreement, the reporting of presence or absence of pCAP in CXR was analyzed, and prevalence and bias-adjusted kappa (PABAK) statistical testing was applied. Overall, n = 190 (82%) of CXR were confirmed as pCAP by two external pediatric radiologists. Compared with patients with pCAP negative CXR, patients with CXR-confirmed pCAP displayed higher C-reactive protein levels and a longer duration of symptoms before enrollment (p < .007). Further parameters, that is, age, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation showed no significant difference. The interobserver agreement between the onsite radiologists and each of the two independent pediatric radiologists for the presence of pCAP was poor to fair (69%; PABAK = 0.39% and 76%; PABAK = 0.53, respectively). The concordance between the external radiologists was fair (81%; PABAK = 0.62). With regard to typical CXR findings for pCAP, chance corrected interrater agreement was highest for pleural effusions, infiltrates, and consolidations and lowest for interstitial patterns and peribronchial thickening. Our data show a poor interobserver agreement in the CXR-based diagnosis of pCAP and emphasized the need for harmonized interpretation standards

Two-Dimensional Laser Diagnostics and Modeling of Counterflow Diffusion Flames

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/86756/1/Sick51.pd

Социальное предпринимательство и преобразующие инвестиции: проблемы и пути развития в Российской Федерации

К сожалению, на сегодняшний день, климат, в котором вынуждены работать социальные предприятия нельзя назвать благоприятным. Существующая ситуации развития социального предпринимательства в России определила проблемы исследования: правовые, финансово-экономические, административные, доступа к рынку, организационно-кадровые, инфраструктурные, а также отсутствие стандартизированных оценочных инструментов, необходимых для подтверждения социальных результатов. Цель работы – разработка рекомендаций по решению существующих проблем развития социального предпринимательства в России. Объект исследования -социальное предпринимательство и преобразующие инвестиции. Предмет исследования - проблемы и пути развития социального предпринимательства в России.Unfortunately, today, the climate in which social enterprises are forced to work cannot be called favorable. The current situation of social entrepreneurship development in Russia has determined the problems of research: legal, financial, economic, administrative, market access, organizational, personnel, infrastructure, as well as the lack of standardized assessment tools needed to confirm social results. The aim of the work is to develop recommendations for solving the existing problems of social entrepreneurship development in Russia. The object of the research is social entrepreneurship and transforming investments. The subject of the research is the problems and ways of development of social entrepreneurship in Russia

Functional polymorphism in the neuropeptide Y gene promoter (rs16147) is associated with serum leptin levels and waist-hip ratio in women

OBJECTIVE: The neuropeptide-Y (NP-Y) gene is a strong candidate gene in the pathophysiology of obesity-linked behavior, and several single-nucleotide polymorphisms of NP-Y have already been linked to body weight and appetite. However, the results from current studies remain inconclusive. The aim of the present study was to test whether a certain functional genetic variant (SNP rs16147) in the NP-Y promoter gene is associated with serum leptin levels and body fat distribution. METHOD: We genotyped and measured the serum leptin levels of the NP-Y rs16147 polymorphism in 1,097 Caucasian subjects in the context of a population-based, case-control multicenter study. We measured weight, height and waist circumference, from which we then calculated BMI and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). RESULTS: We found the CT-genotype of the SNP rs16147 to be significantly associated with lower WHRs and higher serum leptin levels in women, compared to homozygote gene carriers. No association between rs16147, WHR and serum leptin levels was found in men. CONCLUSION: Our results provide evidence that the functionally relevant SNP in the NP-Y promoter gene affects body fat distribution and serum leptin levels in women, pointing towards possible behavioral effects of NPY in obesity